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Homework 8 - Due Monday, November 21st, 2022

Total questions: 15

Worksheet time: 30mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Astronomers have determined that the star Arcturus has a surface temperature of 4560 K and a luminosity of 170. Based on these characteristics, Arcturus is classified as which type of star?
a)
giant
b)
supergiant
c)
white dwarf
d)
main sequence
2.
The red shift in light from stars located in very distant galaxies suggests that these stars are
a)
decreasing in temperature
b)
increasing in temperature
c)
moving toward the Milky Way
d)
moving away from the Milky Way
3.
Which star type has a surface temperature of 4000 K and a luminosity 1000 times greater than the Sun?
a)
dwarf
b)
main sequence
c)
giant
d)
supergiant
4.
Base your answer to this question on the diagram below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The diagram represents the inferred origin and evolution of most stars. Which star is most likely to become a supernova?
a)

Sun

b)

Deneb

c)

Pollux

d)

Barnard's Star

5.
Cosmic background radiation detected from all directions in space provides evidence for the
a)
greenhouse effect
b)
Doppler effect
c)
geocentric theory
d)
Big Bang theory
6.
The gravitational attraction between two objects in the solar system is greatest when their masses are
a)
small, and the objects are close together
b)
small, and the objects are far apart
c)
large, and the objects are far apart
d)
large, and the objects are close together
7.

Base your answer to the question on the graph below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The graph shows the changes in a single star’s luminosity and relative temperature from its formation (point 1) to its late stage (point 4) relative to the Sun. Which table correctly classifies this star at points 3 and 4?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

8.

Base your answer to the question on the graph below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The graph shows the changes in a single star’s luminosity and relative temperature from its formation (point 1) to its late stage (point 4) relative to the Sun. Which is a possible surface temperature of this star at point 2?

a)

3000 K

b)

5000 K

c)

7000 K

d)

10,000 K

9.
Base your answer to the question on the diagram below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The diagram represents some of the inferred stages in the life cycle of stars according to their original mass. Which star may once have been similar to our Sun in mass and luminosity?
a)

Deneb

b)

Spica

c)

Procyon B

d)

Proxima Centauri

10.
Base your answer to the question on the diagram below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The diagram represents some of the inferred stages in the life cycle of stars according to their original mass. The final stage in the life cycle of the most massive stars is a
a)

black hole

b)

black dwarf

c)

supergiant

d)

white dwarf

11.
Scientists infer that the Big Bang occurred approximately
a)
4.6 billion years ago
b)
7 billion years ago
c)
9 billion years ago
d)
13.8 billion years ago
12.
The diagram below represents a model of the size of the Sun and indicates the color of the Sun. Which diagram best represents the relative size and indicates the color of Polaris compared to the Sun?
a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

13.
Compared to the Sun, the star Betelgeuse is
a)
less luminous and warmer
b)
less luminous and cooler
c)
more luminous and warmer
d)
more luminous and cooler
14.
Which star is hotter, but less luminous, than Polaris?
a)
Deneb
b)
Aldebaran
c)
Sirius
d)
Pollux
15.
Which characteristics best describe the star Betelgeuse?
a)
reddish orange with low luminosity and high surface temperature
b)
reddish orange with high luminosity and low surface temperature
c)
blue white with low luminosity and low surface temperature
d)
blue white with high luminosity and high surface temperature

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