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5th Year Biology Revision

Total questions: 70

Worksheet time: 42mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

How are DNA and RNA different? (CHECK ALL THAT APPLY)

a)

Only DNA can leave the nucleus

b)

RNA contains Thymine; DNA contains Uracil

c)

DNA is double stranded, RNA is a single stranded

d)

DNA contains Thymine, RNA contains Uracil

2.

Choose the sequence of the mRNA strand that would match up with to the following DNA strand:

GTACAT

a)

CATGTA

b)

GAUCUA

c)

CAUGUA

d)

CUTGTU

3.

How many nucleotides code for 1 amino acid?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

4.

When these bond together, they form a protein

a)

Amino Acids

b)

Peptide Bonds

c)

Ribose

d)

Nucleotides

5.

How many different amino acids are there?

a)

10

b)

18

c)

20

d)

Thousands

6.

What happens when an enzyme is heated to a high temperature?

a)

The enzyme remains the same.

b)

The enzymes amino acid sequence changes.

c)

The shapes of the enzyme are altered or denatured.

d)

The enzyme dies.

7.

Which process takes the directions of the DNA and turns into a RNA sequence?

a)

Transcription

b)

Translation

c)

Transformation

8.

Three nucleotides come together to form a

a)

enzyme

b)

Codon

c)

DNA

d)

RNA

9.
Any change in the sequence of DNA is...
a)
transgenic shift
b)
Single Genotype
c)
Monohybrid Trait
d)
Mutation
10.

Which of the following elements make-up Carbohydrates?

a)

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen 

b)

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Sulfur

c)

Oxygen, Nitrogen, Hydrogen, Carbon

11.

Cellulose is a polysaccharide found in animals and fungi.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

12.

What type of carbohydrate gives plants support and strength?

a)

starch

b)

glycogen

c)

cellulose

13.

Which test is used to detect the presence of reducing sugars (i.e. small sugars like glucose)?

a)

Biuret test

b)

Benedict's test

c)

Bartholomew's test

d)

Bronchial test

14.

Does the Benedict's test require heating the sample in a water bath? 

a)

Yes

b)

No

15.

Iodine solution is used to test for the presence of starch. If starch is present, which colour change takes place?

a)

Orange to Blue/Black

b)

Blue to lilac/ Purple

c)

Blue to Brick Red

d)

Orange to Pink

16.

To test for proteins we can use (a)   solution.

17.

What is the test for Lipids?

a)

Biuret Test

b)

Emulsion test

c)

Iodine test

d)

Benedict's test

18.

If the test substance contains lipids, a milky- (a)   emulsion forms.

19.

Bile emulsifies fat into droplets which increases its _______ ____, so that more enzymes can act on it at once.

(a)  

20.
The part of foreign materials that cause a response from the immune system are called _____________________.
a)
Antigens
b)
Active Immunity
c)
Antibodies
d)
Antibiotics
21.
Antigens are part of...
a)
Your own immune system.
b)
The pathogen.
22.

The diagram below shows a cell in the human body engulfing a bacterial cell.

The cell labeled X is most likely a

a)

red blood cell

b)

white blood cell

c)

liver cell

d)

nerve cell

23.
Disease-causing microorganism, such as a bacterium or virus.
a)
pathogen 
b)
allergen
c)
prion 
d)
antigen 
24.
what does HIV do to our immune system?
a)
It makes our immune system more stronger
b)
It attacks red blood cells 
c)
It attacks our brain to stop working
d)
It attacks our white blood cells and weakens our immune system to the point where our body cannot fight pathogens 
25.
What is the body's first line of defense against infection by foreign organisms? 
a)
antibodies
b)
lymph nodes
c)
white blood cells
d)
the skin
26.
Antibiotics work against most
a)
Bacteria
b)
Bacteria & Viruses
c)
Vaccines
d)
Viruses
27.
What type of microbe is used in a vaccine?
a)
it doesn't really matter
b)
a damaged one
c)
a weakened or inactivated one
d)
a normal one
28.

Some examples of external defenses are...

a)

Skin

b)

Mucus

c)

Inflammation

d)

Saliva

e)

Sweat

29.

The ___________ is the dome shaped muscle below the lungs

a)

diaphragm

b)

rib

c)

alveoli

d)

trachea

30.

Which of the following is needed for the process of photosynthesis?

a)

Water

b)

Oxygen

c)

Starch

d)

Carbon dioxide

31.

Chlorophyll is:

a)

The substance that makes plants green.

b)

Found inside the chloroplast cells.

c)

Used to absorb energy from the sun.

d)

All of the above.

32.

The openings that are found in the leaves of plants are called:

a)

Stomata

b)

Chlorophyll

c)

Xylem

d)

Chloroplast

33.

Which of the following equations represents the overall chemical reaction for photosynthesis?

a)

6O2+ 6H2O → C6H12O6+ 6O2

b)

C6H12O6 + 6H2O→ 6O2+ 6O2

c)

6CO2+ 6H2O→ C6H12O6+ 6O2

d)

6O2 + 6H2O→ C6H12O6 + 6CO2

34.
A student noticed that placing wilted lettuce in a bowl of cool water caused the lettuce to become more crisp and firm. What is the best explanation for his observation?
a)
Water moved into the lettuce cells by active transport.
b)
Water moved into the lettuce cells by osmosis.
c)
Salt moved into the lettuce cells by diffusion.
d)
Water moved out of the lettuce cells by osmosis.
35.
Where will the water go?
a)
Into the cell
b)
Out of the cell
c)
Equally in & out - it's isotonic
d)
There is no water
36.

Nemo and other ocean dwelling fish cannot survive in freshwater because......

a)

freshwater is hypertonic to Nemo's cells and will result in water leaving them causing the cells to shrink

b)

freshwater is hypotonic to Nemo's cells and will result in water leaving them causing the cells to shrink

c)

freshwater is hypertonic to Nemo's cells and will result in water entering them causing the cells to swell and burst

d)

freshwater is hypotonic to Nemo's cells and will result in water enter them causing the cells to swell and burst

37.

In the cell pictured, which way would water move?

a)

Into the cell, causing the cell to swell

b)

Out of the cell, causing the cell to shrink

c)

In and out of the cell equally, keeping the shape the same

38.

Most absorption of nutrients occurs in the _

a)

stomach

b)

large intestine

c)

small intestine

d)

pancreas

39.

These are wave-like contractions in the esophagus that move food down

a)

mastication

b)

peristalsis

c)

borborygmus

d)

defecation

40.

Which part of the small intestine is responsible for the absorption of nutrients

a)

duodenum

b)

jejunum

c)

Ileum

41.

Which digestive organ is responsible for absorbing excess water

a)

small intestine

b)

stomach

c)

pancreas

d)

large intestine

42.

In animals, uptake of materials is quicker if there is a rich network of...

a)

capillaries

b)

villi

c)

lungs

d)

arteries

43.

Mineral ions enter the plant by active transport through the...

a)

stem

b)

leaves

c)

roots

d)

flowers

44.

Why do large multicellular organisms need transport systems while simple unicellular organisms do not?

a)

Large organisms have a much smaller surface area to volume ratio compared to smaller ones

b)

Diffusion does not work in large multicellular organisms

c)

Unicellular organisms have a much smaller surface area to volume ratio than multicellular organisms

45.

What happens to the rate of diffusion as the surface area increases?

a)

It increases

b)

it decreases

c)

it stays the same

46.

What happens to the rate of diffusion as the temperature increases?

a)

it decreases

b)

it increases

c)

it stays the same

47.

The physical expression of a trait is called the ...

a)

genotype

b)

phenotype

48.

Segments of DNA that code for traits are called ....

a)

genes

b)

proteins

c)

alleles

49.

Genotype: TT

a)

homozygous dominant

b)

homozygous recessive

c)

heterozygous dominant

50.

Which statement below describes DOMINANT alleles?

a)

expressed when at least one is present

b)

only expressed when 2 are present

51.

In pea plants, tall (T) is dominant over short (t). If two heterozygous tall pea plants are mated, what is the the expected genotypic ratio of their offspring?

a)

3 tall : 1 short

b)

1 TT : 2 Tt : 1 tt

52.

The different forms or versions of a gene are called ...

a)

alleles

b)

gametes

53.

In humans, freckles (F) on the skin are dominant to no freckles (f).  If a heterozygous parent and a recessive parent conceive, what is the chances of having a child with NO FRECKLES?

a)

0%

b)

50%

c)

100%

54.

Having freckles is a dominant trait in humans.  A girl has freckles, but her brother does not. What do we know for certain about the parents?

a)

both parents have at least one recessive allele

b)

both parents are heterozygous for freckles

c)

one of the parents does not have freckles

55.

Sexual reproduction requires _____ parent(s) and asexual reproduction requires ___ parent(s).

a)

1,1

b)

2,2

c)

2,1

d)

1,2

56.

Mitosis (asexual reproduction) results in genetically _________ offspring.

a)

different

b)

identical

c)

all

57.

What type of cells undergo mitosis?

a)

all body cells

b)

only gametes (sex cells)

58.

Bacteria (prokaryotic) organisms reproduce by

a)

Budding

b)

Binary fission

c)

Spore formation

d)

Vegetative reproduction

59.

The lion (Pantera leo) has 19 chromosomes in its gametes (sex cells). How many chromosomes are in its body cells?

a)

19

b)

9.5

c)

38

d)

76

60.

What is special about this contraceptive?

a)

only one that protects against sexually transmitted diseases

b)

only non-hormonal contraceptive

c)

only one that is easily accessible

61.

The diagram shows the human female reproductive system.

Where does fertilisation usually take place?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

62.

On which part of a flower is pollen deposited during pollination?

a)

ovary

b)

stamen

c)

stigma

d)

style

63.

Which statement about sexual reproduction is always correct?

a)

A It involves only one parent.

b)

It involves the fusion of nuclei.

c)

It produces genetically identical offspring.

d)

It takes place only in animals.

64.

Which hormone is responsible for causing ovulation?

a)

Estrogen

b)

Progesterone

c)

LH

d)

FSH

65.

The scientific term for the shedding of the endometrium is:

a)

implantation

b)

fertilisation

c)

menstruation

d)

ovulation

e)

copulation

66.

Ovulation typically occurs on what day of the cycle?

a)

1

b)

14

c)

20

d)

7

67.

What hormone(s) are responsible for the growth and maturation of the follicle/ovum?

a)

estrogen

b)

progesterone & estrogen

c)

FSH & LH

d)

FSH only

68.

What type of enzymes break down strach ?

a)

protease

b)

lipase

c)

amylase

d)

phosphorlylase

69.
In the diagram, what is letter A? 
a)
product
b)
substrate
c)
enzyme-substrate complex
d)
active site
70.

Which category of macromolecules do enzymes belong to?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Proteins

c)

Fats/Lipids

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