In 1917 the biologist Thomas Hunt Morgan conducted studies in which he kept some caterpillars in the dark and placed some others under red, green, or blue lights. Exposure to red light produced butterflies with brightly colored wings. Exposure to green light resulted in dark-colored wings. Exposure to blue light or no light resulted in pale- colored wings. What was the most likely conclusion of Morgan’s research?

Tomato plants usually have hairy stems. Hairless stems are present in tomato plants that are homozygous recessive for this trait. If the stem characteristics are determined by a single gene, what is the expected outcome of crossing two tomato plants that are heterozygous for hairy stems?

In cocker spaniels the allele for a black coat color (B) is dominant over the allele for a brown coat color (b). If a brown cocker spaniel is crossed with a heterozygous black cocker spaniel, which of the following genotypic ratios can be expected?

If several pea plants with the genotype TTYy are crossed with pea plants with the genotype Ttyy, what percentage of the offspring will be expected to have the TTYy allele combination?

In the 1860s Gregor Mendel performed numerous dihybrid crosses between pea plants. Dihybrid crosses involve the study of the inheritance patterns related to two different traits. In guinea pigs the allele for black fur (B) is dominant over the allele for brown fur (b), and the allele for short fur (F) is dominant over the allele for long fur (f). What percentage of the offspring from a BbFf x bbff cross would be expected to be heterozygous for both traits?

The four butterflies in the illustrations represent the offspring in the F1 generation.

Which statement is best supported by the phenotypes of these offspring?

Albinism is an autosomal recessive condition. Which answer choice shows the genotype probability when an albino female mates with a male that is heterozygous for the albinism trait?

From a single fertilized ovum undergoing a series of rapid cell divisions, a human infant develops. The embryonic cells become specialized for a variety of functions. Which of these statements best describes how different cell types develop?

In humans blood type is determined by the A, B, and O alleles. The A and B alleles are codominant to each other and dominant over the O allele. An individual with the AO genotype and an individual with the BO genotype can produce offspring with which of the following phenotypes?

The Himalayan rabbit’s habitat has cold, snowy winters and mild summers. The body is typically covered in white fur except for the nose, feet, tail, and ears, which are covered in black fur.

A scientist shaved an area of white fur on the back of a Himalayan rabbit and placed an ice pack over the shaved area. The shaved area grew black fur.

Which of these best explains why the hair that grew back where the ice pack was placed was black and not white?

Human bone, muscle, and nerve cells all contain the same number of chromosomes with the same complement of genes. What enables these cells to perform specialized activities?

Crossing-over between nonsister chromatids during meiosis is significant in heredity. This process most likely leads to an increase in which of the following?

Sexual reproduction in animals depends on the production of gametes. Which of these processes produces gametes in animals?

Human body cells each have 46 chromosomes in their nuclei. Meiosis is necessary in order to ensure that each gamete produced in the human body has how many chromosomes

Normal fruit flies have brownish-yellow bodies, and this body color is dominant. A mutation in the gene for body color can produce flies with an ebony body color. A homozygous normal fruit fly (EE) is crossed with a homozygous ebony fruit fly (ee). What is the predicted outcome of this genetic cross?

Male sex chromosomes

HH

Female sex chromosomes

Hh

Body cells are also called

How many chromosomes in a human sex cell

The process that makes more body cells is called

Parts of the DNA responsible for traits.

How a trait is expressed is called the:

What are the bases in our DNA?

What do you call to the point where two chromatids are attach?

Which of the following is a Homozygous Dominant Genotype?

Which of the following is a homozygous recessive genotype?

Which of the following is a heterozygous genotype?

Fill in the Yellow Box

Fill in the Yellow Box

How chance the offspring born from this cross will have a homozygous dominant genotype?

The punnett square is used to tell the color of a frogs skin. "G" means green skin and "g" means brown skin. What is the chance the baby frogs will have brown skin?

What is the mother's genotype?

In a certain species of plant, the color purple (P) is dominant to the color white (p).

According to the Punnett Square, what is the probability of an offspring being purple?

A way to predict genetic probability using two different

sets of alleles on two different chromosomes.

Based off this punnett square, what fraction of the offspring will have wrinkled, yellow seeds?

Which diagram demonstrates how crossing-over contributes to genetic variety during meiosis?