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APES Unit 7 Review

Total questions: 55

Worksheet time: 56mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is particulate matter?

a)

solid airborne particles of soot, ash, pollen

b)

gaseous airborne particles of ozone

c)

airborne particles of oxygen and nitrogen

d)

airborne particles of acid

2.

AQI is used to report daily air quality conditions

a)

True

b)

False

3.

An AQI value of over 300 is considered

a)

Good

b)

Fair

c)

Unhealthy

d)

Hazardous

4.

An AQI of 150 is considered:

a)

Unhealthy

b)

Good

c)

Unhealthy for sensitive groups

d)

Hazardous

5.

(Choose all that apply) Members of "sensitive groups" include:

a)

People with heart disease

b)

People with lung disease

c)

Children

d)

Elderly people

6.

source: burning of coal and diesel, volcanoes
health effects: respiratory irritant; irritates eyes, nose, throat
environmental effects: major component of acid rain, which kills sensitive aquatic organisms

a)
NOx
b)
SO2
c)
CO
d)
particulate matter
7.

Source: formerly in gasoline, paint, smelters, some batteries
Health effects: neurotoxin; lowers IQ, memory loss, can impair motor function
Environmental effects: toxic to wildlife, can cause neurological damage, leads to premature death

a)
SO2
b)
NOx
c)
Pb
d)
CO
8.

The principal component of smog
Source: Chemical reaction of NO2 and sunlight
Health effects: respiratory irritant, irritates eyes, nose, throat
Environmental effects: can damage plant tissue, reducing photosynthesis

a)
Pb
b)
CO
c)
SO2
d)
O3
9.

  A smog forming chemical
Source: combustion, particularly of gasoline, but any fuel (biomass, etc.)
Health effects: irritation of respiratory tissue, burning eyes, nose, throat
Environmental effects: component of acid rain, which reduces pH in soil and can lead to metal toxicity in plants

a)
NOx
b)
CO
c)
Pb
d)
VOCs
10.

Source: incomplete combustion (such as in a generator or vehicle engine)
Health effects: is an asphyxiant (reduces the ability of blood to bring oxygen to the body cells and tissues)
Environmental effects: interferes with animals in the same way as humans (see above)

a)
Pb
b)
VOCs
c)
CO
d)
SO2
11.
Source burning of wood, diesel and other fuels, agriculture (plowing, burning off fields), unpaved roads , some industry
Health effects: nose and throat irritation, lung damage, bronchitis
Environmental effects: the main cause of haze that redues visibility
a)
VOCs
b)
O3
c)
particulate matter (PM)
d)
SO2
12.
A colorless, odorless gas that decreases the blood's ability to carry oxygen.  Can cause faintness, death.
a)
Nitrogen oxides
b)
Ground-level ozone
c)
Carbon monoxide
d)
Sulfur dioxide
13.
 ______________ ______________ is produced when fuels containing sulfur are burned in the presence of oxygen.
a)
Carbon monoxide
b)
Sulfur dioxide
c)
Carbon monoxide
d)
Greenhouse gas
14.

A metallic element that was once in gasoline, pipes and paint and can cause brain damage.

a)

Lead

b)

Particulate matter

c)

Ground-level ozone

d)

Nitrogen oxides

15.

Source of carbon monoxide

a)

Incomplete combustion of fossil fuels

b)

Combustion of fossil fuels

c)

Decomposition of plant and animal matters

d)

Photochemical reaction of CO2

16.

Which system of the body is mainly affected by air pollution?

a)

Respiratory

b)

Immune

c)

Muscular

d)

Integument

17.

A type of pollution found both indoors and outdoors, which includes pollen, dander, soot, carbon, and dust.

a)

Water droplets

b)

Allergens

c)

Particulate matter

d)

Combustibles

18.

This primary pollutant creates a reddish brown gas creating photochemical smog and tropospheric ozone.

a)

sulfuric acid

b)

VOC

c)

nitrogen dioxide

d)

particulate matter

19.

This atmospheric compound is critical to the planet in its protection against UV radiation, but when found close to the ground is part of photochemical smog that can cause serious health problems.

a)

particulate matter

b)

carbon monoxide

c)

stratospheric ozone

d)

tropospheric ozone

20.
The chemical formula for ozone?
a)
0
b)
02
c)
03
d)
OZn
21.
The 3 main anthropogenic sources of gaseous air pollutants in the US are
a)
soil erosion, volcanoes, and forest fires
b)
soil erosion, volcanoes, and energy production
c)
industry, transportation, and energy production
d)
industry, transportation and agriculture
22.
Which of the following correctly lists the 6 “criteria” air pollutants as specified under the Clean Air Act?
a)
Pb, SO2, NOX, CO, PM, and tropospheric O3
b)
Tropospheric O3, SO2, NOX, PM, Pb, and CO2
c)
SO4, NOX, CO, PM, Pb, and tropospheric O3
d)
SO2, NOX, CO, Hg, PM, and tropospheric O3
23.

"Criteria Air Pollutants" were established by the _________________________________.

a)

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

b)

Department of the Interior (DI)

c)

Center for Disease Control (CDC)

d)

United Nations (UN)

24.

Which of the following is an adverse health effect from air pollution?

a)

allergic reactions

b)

bronchial inflammation

c)

eye and lung irritants

d)

All of these are correct

25.

Can you see dirty air?

a)

Never

b)

Sometimes

c)

Always

26.

What is the main source of smog for Los Angeles?

a)

car emissions

b)

factory emissions

27.

What is the source of nitrogen oxides?

a)

Animal and plant processes

b)

Volcanic eruptions and fires

c)

Solvents, glues and paint

d)

Incomplete combustion of gas or diesel fuels in vehicles.

28.

Which of the following is not an example of a volatile organic compound? (VOC)

a)

carbon monoxide

b)

paint thinner

c)

gasoline

d)

air freshener

29.

SECONDARY pollutants can result from the reaction of VOC's and nitrogen oxides with ____

a)

warm temperatures

b)

cold temperatures

c)

CO2

d)

sunlight

30.

Both geography and weather contribute to the formation of smog.

a)

True

b)

False

31.
What is a primary pollutant? 
a)
pollutant that is put directly into air by human activities
b)
pollutants that react with other primary pollutants
32.

Which of the following is NOT a primary pollutant?

a)

nitric oxides

b)

smog

c)

sulfur dioxide

d)

volatile organic compounds

33.

Respiratory irritant (can exacerbate asthma, cardiovascular disease, and other respiratory ailments; can increase susceptibility to respiratory infections; can affect lung function) - SELECT ALL THAT APPLY

a)

particulate matter

b)

sulfur dioxide (SO2)

c)

carbon monoxide (CO)

d)

nitrogen dioxide (NO2)

e)

ozone (O3)

34.

Sources: Combustion of fossil fuels and biomass as well as agriculture, road construction, and other activities that mobilize soil, soot, and dust

a)

particulate matter

b)

sulfur dioxide (SO2)

c)

carbon monoxide (CO)

d)

nitrogen dioxide (NO2)

e)

ozone (O3)

35.

Identify 2 anthropogenic sources of CO2, and 2 natural sources of CO2.

4 lines
36.

Catalytic converters reduce which of the following pairs of pollutants in car exhaust?

a)

Carbon dioxide and ozone

b)

Carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons

c)

Carbon dioxide and particulates

d)

Lead and mercury

e)

Methane and particulates

37.

Which method is used to reduce the nitrogen oxide emissions

a)

installation of catalytic converters

b)

increased temperature of combustion

c)

the use of calcium carbonate to absorb the emissions

d)

the use of fluidized bed combustion

38.

Which of the following would most likely reduce the level of carbon monoxide gas as an indoor air pollutant?

a)

Remove old furniture and mattresses

b)

Purchase a newer model refrigerator and cooling system

c)

Ventilate of the fireplace, wood stove, and garage

d)

Ventilate the basement

39.

Acid deposition affects certain areas of a country more than others due to

a)

increased access to adjacent waterways which are heavily polluted by acid deposition.

b)

greater elevation causing an increase in proximity to the source of acid deposition.

c)

fewer soil microorganisms that can mobilize nitrogen through the nitrogen cycle.

d)

decreased limestone in the underlying sediment to neutralize the acid.

40.

Which of the following best describes the impact of using wet scrubber technology?

a)

Reduction of SO2 and particulates emitted from smokestacks

b)

Mobilization of particulate matter more readily through the hydrologic cycle

c)

Reduction of the mercury content in coal prior to its combustion

d)

Removal of toxic ash after coal combustion

41.

Under the Clean Air Act, what agency was charged with enforcing emission standards for new source of air pollution?

a)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

b)

U.S. Department of Justice

c)

Environmental Protection Agency

d)

U.S. Gelological Survey

42.
An air pollution prevention mechanism found in vehicles. 
a)
combustion chamber
b)
electrostatic precipitator
c)
scrubber
d)
catalytic converter
43.
Radon gas is most harmful to which part of the body?
a)
Eyes
b)
Lungs
c)
Heart
d)
Kidneys
44.
VOC used in the manufacturing of furniture and building materials
a)
Formaldehyde
b)
Kerosene
c)
Carbon Monoxide
d)
Radon
45.
Asbestos
a)

was used for insulation but is now banned because it causes mesothelioma, a type of lung cancer

b)
can be easily removed and treated
c)
can be a problem in new construction
d)
causes skin irritation, nausea, and fatigue
46.

Is the major pollutant that electrostatic precipitators are designed to remove from power-plant smokestack emissions

a)

Sulfur dioxide

b)

Lead

c)

Ozone

d)

Hydrocarbons

e)

Particulates

47.

Acid deposition forms as a result of

a)

nitrogen oxides and photochemical smog

b)

carbon monoxide and VOC's

c)

sulfur dioxide and VOC's

d)

nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxides

48.

Which of the following best describes the impact of using wet scrubber technology?

a)

Reduction of SO2 and particulates emitted from smokestacks

b)

Mobilization of particulate matter more readily through the hydrologic cycle

c)

Reduction of the mercury content in coal prior to its combustion

d)

Removal of toxic ash after coal combustion

49.
Water and carbon dioxide combine to form_____________________________. 
a)
acid rain
b)
carbonic acid
c)
oxidation
50.
What is a primary pollutant? 
a)
pollutant that is put directly into air by human activities
b)
pollutants that react with other primary pollutants
51.
Acid rain can damage
a)
Drinking water sources
b)
Aquatic life
c)
Architecture/buildings
d)
All options are correct
52.

Acid rain has a pH of less than...

a)

5.0

b)

5.6

c)

7.0

d)

8.5

53.

Which of these contributes to acid rain?

a)

CO2

b)

NaOH

c)

CaO

d)

SO2

54.

What would you expect from soil samples in a city that has more acid rain?

a)

Soils with lower pH

b)

Soils with higher pH

c)

Soils with neutral pH

d)

Soils that are basic

55.

Noise pollution can contribute to________

a)

Heart issues

b)

Anxiety

c)

Tinnitus

d)

All of these