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Earth Processes and Oceanography review

Total questions: 57

Worksheet time: 44mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
The outside layer of the earth is called ______________________.
a)
core
b)
crust
c)
mantle
d)
outer core
2.
The huge pieces of the earth's crust are called ____________________________. 
a)
crust
b)
plates
c)
directions
d)
seismos
3.
The epicenter of an earthquake is
a)
The point below the surface where rock begins to break and the first motion occurs
b)
The seismic station closest to the earthquake
c)
The place where the greatest damage occurs
d)
The point on the surface directly above the focus
4.
Waves move out through the ground from the ..........
a)
rift
b)
hypocenter
c)
epicenter
d)
fault line
5.
This famous transform fault is located in the western United States creates significant earthquake activity for California
a)
New Madrid
b)
Denali Fault
c)
Ramapo Seismic Zone
d)
San Andreas
6.
The Richter scale measures:
a)
the amount of radon gas released
b)
the movement of plates
c)
the strength of an earthquake
d)
the weight of tectonic plates
7.
The Modified Mercalli scale rates the amount of damage from an earthquake
a)
true
b)
false
8.
Which travels fastest, always being the first detected by seismic stations?
a)
P waves
b)
S waves
9.
What do S (secondary) waves do during an earthquake?
a)
Shake the ground
b)
Cause eruptions
c)
Open cracks in the earth's surface
d)
Create loud noises
10.
An earthquake scored high on the Richter scale but low on the Mercalli scale. Why?
a)
it probably happened in an area with no people
b)
it was a fast earthquake
c)
because it damaged a lot
d)
impossible to tell
11.
Liquefaction is when...
a)
the soil behaves like liquid
b)
the ground becomes liquid
c)
magma rises to the surface
d)
buildings are damaged, crumbling like liquid
12.
Which of the following amplifies the S waves during an earthquake?
a)
Soft underlying soil
b)
Strong rocks underground
c)
Closeness to a volcano
d)
Altitude of the epicentre
13.
An instrument that detects and measures earthquakes is a 
a)
seismogram
b)
focus seismic map
c)
focus
d)
seismograph 
14.
Which animals can tell when an earthquake is about to happen?
a)
Spiders
b)
Snakes
c)
Cats
d)
Elephants
15.
How much bigger is a magnitude 8 earthquake compared to magnitude 7 one on the Richter Scale?
a)
1 time bigger
b)
10 times bigger
c)
100 times bigger
d)
1000 times bigger
16.

What covers 70% of the earth's surface

a)

Ocean

b)

Rivers

c)

Lakes

d)

Ponds

17.

As depth increases..........

a)

Things become shallow

b)

temperature decreases, pressure increases, and light decreases

c)

It is more salty

d)

An Ocean Current

18.

Valleys cut deep into the ocean floor

a)

Plankton

b)

Salinity

c)

Surface Current

d)

Ocean Trench

19.

Flat, deep, and smooth part of the ocean floor. Cold temperatures are found here.

a)

Continental Shelf

b)

Abyssal Plain

c)

Continental Slope

d)

Seamounts

20.

Amount of salt found in water

a)

Photic Zone

b)

Gulf Stream

c)

Photosynthesis

d)

Salinity

21.

Underwater Volcanoes and Mountains?

a)

Seamounts or Mid- Ocean Ridge

b)

Mountain Ridge

c)

Coastal Plains

d)

Abyssal Plains

22.

gently sloping shelf of land extending from the shoreline to the continental edge

a)

Continental Slope

b)

Continental Shelf

c)

Continental Rise

d)

Abyssal Plain

23.

Sharp underwater hill connecting the continent to the ocean floor?

a)

Ocean

b)

Coral Reef

c)

Plankton

d)

Continental Slope

24.
The large, flat part of the ocean floor is called the _____________. 
a)
trench
b)
continental shelf
c)
continental slope
d)
abyssal plain
25.
What do you call an underwater mountain?
a)
trench
b)
abyssal plain
c)
seamount
d)
volcanic island
26.
A volcanic mountain that rises above the surface of the water is called ____________
a)
trench
b)
island
c)
mid-ocean ridge
d)
seamount
27.
What is a deep, underwater valley or canyon on the ocean floor?
a)
seamount
b)
trench
c)
continental rise
d)
continental slope
28.
The shallowest(least deep) part of the ocean is the ____________________
a)
trench
b)
abyssal plain
c)
continental shelf
d)
continental slope
29.
A trench is _______________
a)
cold and shallow
b)
deep and warm
c)
 deep and cold
d)
warm and shallow
30.
As you go from the continental shelf to the abyssal plain, the water temperature gets _____________
a)
warmer
b)
colder
31.
A steep drop after the continental shelf is the continental...
a)
slope
b)
shelf
c)
rise
32.
mountain ranges in the ocean
a)
mid -ocean ridge
b)
trenches
c)
rift
d)
ocean basin
33.
the deepest part of the ocean
a)
trenches
b)
abyssal plain
c)
ocean basin
d)
rift
34.
Which process adds more crust to the ocean floor?
a)
earthquakes
b)
sea floor spreading 
c)
subduction
d)
convection
35.
This boundary is also called a colliding boundary.
a)
transform
b)
convergent
c)
divergent
36.
This boundary moves away from another boundary.
a)
divergent
b)
convergent
c)
transform
37.
Alfred Wegener believed that all the continents were connected at one time.  What did he call this one large land mass?
a)
Pancakes
b)
Pangaea
c)
Pancreas
d)
Patches
38.
A valley found in the middle of the mid-ocean ridge
a)
rift
b)
trenches
c)
abyssal plain
d)
ocean basin
39.
Coral reefs are found on...
a)
continental slopes
b)
continental shelves
c)
abyssal plains
d)
trenches
40.
What type of boundary do earthquakes usually occur along?
a)
transform
b)
divergent
c)
convergent
41.
What is the difference between a volcanic island & a seamount?
a)
A volcanic island rises above the water & a seamount does not
b)
A seamount rises above the water & a volcanic island does not
c)
Both the seamount & volcanic island are underwater
d)
Both the seamount & the volcanic island rise above the water
42.

Name feature A

a)

trench

b)

continental slope

c)

guyot

d)

mid-ocean ridge

43.

Name feature B

a)

guyot

b)

seamount

c)

abyssal plain

d)

volcanic island

44.

Name feature C

a)

guyot

b)

seamount

c)

abyssal plain

d)

continental shelf

45.

Name the feature for D

a)

volcanic arc

b)

volcanic island

c)

mid-ocean ridge

d)

continental shelf

46.

Name the feature for E

a)

volcanic island

b)

volcanic arc

c)

seamount

d)

mid-ocean ridge

47.

Name the feature for F

a)

continental slope

b)

continental shelf

c)

abyssal plain

d)

trench

48.

Name the feature for G

a)

seamount

b)

trench

c)

mid-ocean ridge

d)

continental shelf

49.
The German scientist who first proposed the Theory of Continental Drift 100 years ago?
a)
Harry Hess
b)
Penny Pangea
c)
Alfred Wegener
d)
Gary Gondwana
50.
All of the continents were once part of one large continent called...
a)
Panacea
b)
Pangea
c)
North America
d)
Gondwana
51.
The continents move very slowly, only a few __________per year.
a)
meters
b)
kilometers
c)
centimeters
d)
miles
52.
The east coast of South America seems to fit into the wet coast of Africa, this evidence for Continental Drift is called...
a)
fit/shape of continents
b)
fossil evidence
c)
geologic evidence
d)
climate evidence
53.
India, Australia, South America, and Africa all have deep grooves or scratches in rocks which is climate evidence of ....
a)
erosion
b)
dinosaurs
c)
glaciers
d)
aliens
54.

Another piece of evidence in the theory of Continental Drift is __________ evidence of a giant fern named Glossopteris.

a)

geologic

b)

fit/shape

c)

glacial

d)

fossil/climate

55.

Because Glossopteris seeds cannot travel across the ocean and grow in warm, swampy climates, these fossils are evidence of ...

a)

Pangea existing

b)

Continental Drift

c)

changing climates

d)

all of the above

56.
Scientists did not believe Wegner's theory because Continental Drift is a slow process and there is no explanation for...
a)
how to measure the continents.
b)
how the continents move.
c)
Wegener being a silly man.
d)
Antarctica having fern fossils.
57.

Wegner used the following as pieces of evidence...

a)

fit/shape of continents

b)

geologic and fossil

c)

climate

d)

all of the above

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