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Earth Science Final Exam

Total questions: 60

Worksheet time: 3600secs

Name
Class
Date
1.

The graph shows the observed water levels, in feet (ft), for a tide gauge located at Montauk, New

York, on the easternmost end of Long Island, from January 24, 2008 to noon on January 25, 2008.


What causes the water-level variation pattern shown by the graph?

a)

Earth's rotation and the gravitational pull of the Moon

b)

changes in wind velocity produced by coastal storms

c)

changes in magnetic orientation of the North American Plate

d)

Earth's revolution and the distance from the equator

2.
How long does it take for the Earth to make one full orbit around the Sun?
a)
one day
b)
one week
c)
one month
d)
one year
3.
What are the reasons for the season?
a)
Earth's tilt & rotation
b)
Earth's tilt & revolution
c)
Earth's rotation & rovolution
d)
Earth's tilt & resolution
4.
What happens when the area in which you live tilts away from the sun?
a)
It is summer.
b)
It is spring.
c)
It is winter.
d)
It is fall.
5.
Name this moon phase
a)
Waxing Gibbous
b)
Waxing Crescent
c)
Waning Crescent
d)
Waning Gibbous
6.
Name this moon phase
a)
First Quarter
b)
Last Quarter
c)
New Moon
d)
Full Moon
7.
Sometimes sediments move from one place to another and can settle in layers.  This process is called
a)
Weathering 
b)
Erosion
c)
Expansion
d)
Sedimentary layering
8.
What will happen as layers of sediment undergo great pressure for millions of years?
a)
A sedimentary rock will form.
b)
A metamorphic rock will form.
c)
An igneous rock will form.
d)
It will remain as layers of sediment.
9.
What is formed when molten rock material cools and hardens to form a solid?
a)
a sedimentary rock is formed
b)
A metamorphic rock is formed.
c)
An igneous rock is formed.
d)
Hard lava is formed.
10.
Hawaii was formed from volcanoes which means most of its land and rock is igneous rock.
a)
True
b)
False
11.
Which of the following best describes examples of erosion?
a)
Physical and chemical weathering
b)
Constant changes on the surface of the Earth
c)
Lakes and ponds
d)
Wind and moving water
12.

What's the main cause of most earthquakes?

a)

Pressure from within Earth's crust

b)

Hurricanes

c)

Human activity

d)

Changes in temperature within the earth's mantle

13.

Around what time did the first P wave get detected?

a)

100 sec

b)

120 sec

c)

150 sec

d)

160 sec

14.

Which location is farther from the epicenter?

a)

Seismogram B (top)

b)

Seismogram C (bottom)

15.

What is magma?

a)

pieces of the Earth's crust

b)

molten rock inside of a volcano

c)

small rock

d)

plates that meet

16.
The image illustrates what type of boundary?
a)
Divergent
b)
Convergent
c)
Transform
d)
Emergent
17.
The image illustrates what type of boundary?
a)
Divergent
b)
Convergent
c)
Transform
d)
Emergent
18.
The image illustrates what type of boundary?
a)
Divergent
b)
Convergent
c)
Transform
d)
Emergent
19.

Identify this coastal feature formed by erosion and deposition.

a)

Sandbar

b)

Barrier Island

c)

Seacliff

d)

Dune

20.
What are the effects of deforestation ?
a)
loss of habitat
b)
increased green house gasses 
c)
soil erosion and flooding
d)
all of the above
21.
Which one of these does not add CO2 to the atmosphere?
a)
cooking with gas
b)
planting trees
c)
burning wood
d)
riding in a bus
22.

What is a carbon sink?

a)

Something that adds to the atmosphere.

b)

Something that removes carbon from the atmosphere.

c)

Something that adds carbon to the earth's crust.

d)

Something that removes carbon from the earth's crust.

23.
Movements of ocean water in a continuous flow are called?
a)
ocean currents
b)
global winds
c)
air mass
d)
front
24.
What causes warm air to rise? 
a)
The fact that it's less dense than cold air
b)
The fact that it weighs more than cold air
c)
The fact that it has higher pressure than cold air
d)
The fact that it's more dense than cold air
25.

The warm, strong current off the coast of North Carolina is the

a)

Gulf Stream

b)

California Current

c)

North Equatorial Current

d)

Brazil Current

26.

The image shows various stages in the water cycle. During which stage does water flow back towards the sea as runoff?

a)

W

b)

X

c)

Y

d)

Z

27.

What is the best definition of a water table?

a)

The level to which a river rises when it floods

b)

The boundary between the land and the ocean

c)

The top of the saturated zone in an aquifer

d)

The bottom of the saturated zone in an aquifer

e)

The top of the unsaturated zone in an aquifer

28.

What is infiltration?

a)

The process by which water sinks into the ground

b)

The zone where there are still air spaces left between the particles.

c)

The process by which water vapor turns into liquid water and forms fog or clouds.

d)

The process by which water does not sink into the ground, but rather travels along the surface.

29.

What process causes liquid water to evaporate from plant leaves and enter the atmosphere as water vapor?

a)

evaporation

b)

infiltration

c)

precipitation

d)

transpiration

e)

condensation

30.

Which soil would have the greatest permeability rate after a rainstorm?

a)

sand (0.02 cm)

b)

silt (0.002 cm)

c)

clay (0.0002 cm)

31.

What is a river basin?

a)

the water in a river

b)

land that water flows across or under on its way to a river

c)

land around smaller streams, lakes, or ponds

d)

the channel that a river flows in

32.

What are the 3 main fossil fuels?

a)

Coal, Oil, and nuclear fuel

b)

Coal, Oil, and Natural Gas

c)

Electricity, Gas, Petroleum

d)

Coal, Oil, Non-renewable Resources

33.
The cleanest burning fossil fuel is ______.
a)
coal
b)
oil
c)
wind
d)
natural gas
34.
Why is solar energy considered renewable energy?
a)
It's cheaper than fossil fuels
b)
The sun's energy would not run out for billions of years
c)
Solar energy recharges batteries
d)
All of them
35.
_____________ power is electricity produced by flowing water.
a)
Solar 
b)
Wind 
c)
Hydroelectric 
d)
water
36.
Heat transferred from beneath the surface of Earth and used to produce energy for human use is...
a)
Hydropower
b)
Wind Energy
c)
Geothermal Energy
d)
Solar Energy
37.

Which one of these is NOT a type of renewable energy?

a)

solar

b)

wind

c)

biomass

d)

nuclear

38.
Natural Gas is a __________ energy resource.
a)
Renewable
b)
Nonrenewable
39.
Which is not an advantage of Wind energy?
a)
Land can be used for other purposes
b)
Can be quickly built; not too expensive
c)
Long operating life
d)
Danger to birds
40.
Put the items below in correct sequence for the generation of electricity using the wind
1 – generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy
2 – wind turns the wind turbine blade
3 – the gear box transfers mechanical energy to the generator
4 – electricity is transferred to the grid
a)
1-2-3-4
b)
2-1-3-4
c)
2-3-1-4
d)
2-4-3-1
41.
A front is
a)
where warm air is cooling at earth's surface
b)
a boundary where hot and cold air are separating
c)
a boundary where two different air masses meet
d)
where cold air is rising and forming rain clouds
42.
Air masses are named for ______.
a)
the type of air they contain 
b)
animals
c)
 people
d)
 where they form 
43.
What does this symbol on a weather map indicate? 
a)
High pressure system
b)
Low pressure system
c)
Cold front
d)
Warm front
44.
What does this symbol indicate on a weather map? 
a)
High pressure system
b)
Low pressure system
c)
Cold front
d)
Warm front
45.
What would you expect from a Continental Polar air mass? 
a)
moist, warm air
b)
dry, cold air
c)
dry, warm air
46.

What is climate?

a)

the condition of the atmosphere at any given time and place

b)

cloud cover and temperature

c)

precipitation and humidity at a given time and place

d)

weather conditions in an area over a long period of time

47.

At which latitude would you expect to find the warmest air temperatures?

a)

23.5° S

b)

0°

c)

66.5°N

d)

66.5°S

48.

The areas located between 23.5°N and 66.5°N and 23.5°S and 66.5°S. These zones have hot summers and cold winters and usually have four seasons.

a)

Polar Climate Zones

b)

Temperate Climate Zones

c)

Tropical Climate Zones

d)

Oceanic Climate Zones

49.

What are the three main climate zones?

a)

tropical, thermal, polar

b)

tropical, temperate, polar

c)

cold, super hot, blah

d)

polar, tropical, humid

50.
The El Niño is caused by
a)
cold water off the Atlantic coast of South America
b)
warm water in the Pacific off the coast of South America
c)
warm water in the Pacific off the coast of Mexico
d)
cold water in the Pacific off the coast of Mexico
51.

Which of the following are greenhouse gases?

a)

Carbon dioxide

b)

Methane

c)

Water vapor

d)

All answers are correct

52.

The difference between weather and climate is that climate is:

a)

The average, year-to-year conditions

b)

The day-to-day conditions

c)

Described in terms of months at a time

d)

B and C are both correct

53.

In the woods, there are ducks and mice. They both compete for grasshoppers as the only source of food in that area at that time. The ducks outcompete the mice, and the mice die out in that area. This is an example of:

a)

Neutralism

b)

Commensalism

c)

The competitive exclusion principle

d)

Mutualism

54.

In an ecosystem, there are populations of moose, rabbits, grass, and pine trees. Suddenly, a fire blazes through the area, which kills all of the populations. As the months go on, new species of grass begin to take root. This attracts animals, and eventually the ecosystem is restored.


What type of ecological succession happened?

a)

Primary succession

b)

Secondary succession

c)

Tertiary succession

d)

None of the above

55.

In this photo, what is an abiotic factor?

a)

Deer

b)

Grass

c)

rain

56.

What is this picture describing?

a)

It is describing natural selection.

b)

It is describing direct competition between flamingos and ducks.

c)

It is describing abiotic factors of the tundra.

d)

It is describing the niche of each bird.

57.

What Biome is also known as the grasslands?

a)

Tropical Rain Forest

b)

Desert

c)

Tundra

d)

Tropical Savanna

58.
Fungi are a  ________
a)
Autotrophs
b)
Heterotroopers
c)
Decomposers
d)
Primary Consumers
59.

What is the correct order for this food chain?

a)

Owl, Mouse, Grasshopper, Grass

b)

Grass, Mouse, Owl, Grasshopper

c)

Grass, Owl, Grasshopper, Mouse

d)

Grass, Grasshopper, Mouse, Owl

60.

What do omnivores eat?

a)

Animals

b)

Plants and Animals

c)

Plants

d)

Dead Animals

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