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WorksheetsProtein Synthesis and Mutations Review
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 1hrs 13mins
Muscle cells differ from nerve cells mainly because they
express different genes.
contain different genes.
use different genetic codes.
have unique ribosomes
T-G-A-C-C-A
T-G-A-G-C-A
A mutation is a _______________ in the nucleotide base sequence of a gene.
wrinkle
change
bump
tumor
I carry a copy of the Genetic info from the nucleus to the ribosome. Who Am I?
mRNA
tRNA
rRNA
DNA
True or False: All of your body cells contain the same genes.
True
False
Which form of RNA carries amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosome?
(a)
Which of the following images is a DELETION?
Which of the following images is a SUBSTITUTION?
Some mutations can be to the benefit of the species.
FALSE
TRUE
A mutation is a _______________ in the nucleotide base sequence of a gene.
wrinkle
change
bump
tumor
Which of the following statements best describes why a change in only one DNA nucleotide base of a gene on the DNA strand could result in an incorrect protein being produced by the gene?
The change prevents mRNA from being made.
The change causes cells to divide in an uneven way.
The change creates an additional mRNA strand.
The change alters the amino acid sequence coded for by the
gene.
Messenger RNA (mRNA) does what?
transfers/brings amino acids
carries the genetic code that was copied from DNA
Builds the Ribosome
Unzip DNA
What mutation to the DNA triplet bellow WILL NOT EFFECT the protein made?
3' CCA 5'
CAG
CCC
TCA
CTT
Would a mutation that occurred in you skin cells be passed on to your offspring?
Yes because mutations in gametes are passed on
No because mutations that occur in somatic cells are not passed on
Yes because mutations always will be passed on
No because mutations are never passed on
The regulation of gene expression within each cell type is important because it ?
allows each cell to do the exact same thing
mutates genes so they can perform different functions
enables cells to perform their specific functions
allows the cells to rest
Why are insertion and deletion (frameshift) mutations so harmful?
They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the strand, which changes the entire amino acid sequence
They insert things that an organism doesn't need.
They often delete things that organisms need.
Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.
What are the three types of gene mutation?
Insertion, Deletion, Subsitution
Aberration, Deletion, Substitution
Inversion, Duplication, Insertion
Insertion, Duplication, Substitution
GTAGTCA
DNA makes RNA → RNA makes proteins →
Proteins make life.
Homeostasis
Mendelian Genetics
Central Dogma
Myocardial Infarction
What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?
it makes the bases that makes up DNA
it copies a section of DNA and uses the information to create the appropriate protein
it helps DNA perform replication
it makes the amino acids used in protein synthesis
In order for protein synthesis to occur, mRNA must leave the nucleus and travel to
a ribosome in the cytoplasm
a mitochondria in the cytoplasm
a vacuole in the cytoplasm
a chloroplast in the cytoplasm
Original DNA = TAC GAC TTG AAT
Mutated DNA = TAC GTA CTT GAA T
What type of mutation has occurred?
Chromosomal mutation
Point mutation
Frameshift mutation due to adding extra base
Frameshift mutation due to deletion of base
Original DNA = TAC GAC TTG AAT
Mutated DNA = TAC GAC TTG AAT
What type of mutation has occurred?
Chromosomal mutation
Point mutation
Frameshift mutation
No mutation occurred
Original DNA = TAC GAC TTG AAT
Mutated DNA = TAC ACT TGA AT
What type of mutation has occurred?
Chromosomal mutation
Point mutation
Frameshift mutation due to addition of base
Frameshift mutation due to deletion of base
The mutated DNA segment is TTCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.
Which type of mutation is MOST LIKELY to cause the greatest disruption?
Frameshift
Silent
Point
What is the order for Protein Synthesis?
Transcription -> Translation -> Protein
Translation - > Transcription -> Protein
Protein -> Transcription -> Translation
Translation -> Protein -> Transcription
What is the correct amino acid sequence for the mRNA code AUG-CCA-GUA-UGA
Met-Pro-Ala-Val
Met-Pro-Val
Tyr-Gly-His
Tyr-Gly-Arg-His
What codon is represented by the STOP amino acid?
AUG
UAA
CUC
GUA
How many codons code for phenylalanine?
2
3
4
1
The following codon is translated into which amino acid?
AGG
Methionine
Isoleucine
Histidine
Arginine
The following codon is translated into which amino acid?
UAA
STOP
Phenylalanine
Valine
Aspartic acid
AAA-TTT is the DNA TRIPLET
WHAT AMINO ACIDS ARE MADE
SERINE-LEUCINE
LEUCINE-PHENYLALANINE
PHENYLALANINE-LYSINE
TYROSINE-LYSINE
