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SEMESTER TEST -DAY 2

Total questions: 82

Worksheet time: 1hrs 26mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

There are four groups of stars on the HR Diagram. About 90% of all stars are in the ________.

a)

Supergiants

b)

Giants

c)

White dwarfs

d)

Main sequence

2.

Based on the data, which star would you presume would have the greatest mass? Hint: The larger the apparent brightness, the brighter the star appears.

a)

Star X

b)

Star Y

c)

Star Z

3.

How can you rearrange the words to match the diagram correctly in terms of sizes in space?

a)

Solar systems in the largest circle, then galaxies, followed by the universe in the smallest circle.

b)

Universe in the largest circle, then galaxies, followed by the solar systems in the smallest circle.

c)

Galaxies in the largest circle, then universe, followed by the solar systems in the smallest circle.

d)

The diagram is already correct.

4.

Analyze this HR Diagram. Which group of stars is considered to have a lower than average luminosity as well as a higher than average temperature?

a)

Giants

b)

Main Sequence

c)

White Dwarfs

d)

Supergiants

5.

Analyze this HR Diagram. Which group of stars is considered to have a higher than average luminosity as well as a lower than average temperature?

a)

Giants

b)

Main Sequence

c)

White Dwarfs

d)

Supergiants

6.

A collection of dust and gas where stars can form is called a...

a)

universe

b)

nebula

c)

black hole

d)

supernova

7.

Our sun is located near the edge of a ______ galaxy, named the _______.

a)

Spiral shaped; Milky Way

b)

Spiral shaped; Solar System

c)

Elliptical shaped; Milky Way

d)

Elliptical shaped; Solar System

8.

Stars are classified on the HR Diagram by...

a)

luminosity and brightness.

b)

temperature and absolute magnitude (or luminosity).

c)

temperature and apparent magnitude.

d)

temperature and distance.

9.

Stars radiate thermal energy through space by a process called _____ where the element _____ is converted into helium.

a)

nuclear fusion; hydrogen

b)

nuclear fusion; lithium

c)

nuclear transfer; hydrogen

d)

nuclear transfer; boron

10.

Which of the following best describes the sun's position in the Milky Way galaxy?

a)

The sun is a giant yellow star located close to the galactic core.

b)

The sun is a medium yellow star located approximately 2/3 of the way down one of the galaxy's spiral arms.

c)

The sun is a dwarf star located at the end of one of the spiral arms.

d)

The sun is a medium yellow star located one light year from the galactic core.

11.

Which of the following star types is the BRIGHTEST?

a)

Supergiant

b)

Giant

c)

Main Sequence

d)

White Dwarf

12.

Which of the following star types is LEAST BRIGHT?

a)

Supergiant

b)

Giant

c)

Main Sequence

d)

White Dwarf

13.

Which star stage could belong to Spectral Class K and have the lowest luminosity?

a)

Supergiant

b)

Giant

c)

Main Sequence

d)

White Dwarf

14.

Which star stage could belong to Spectral Class K and have the highest luminosity?

a)

Supergiant

b)

Giant

c)

Main Sequence

d)

White Dwarf

15.

Select ALL star stages that have greater luminosity than our Sun.

a)

Supergiant

b)

Giant

c)

Main Sequence

d)

White Dwarf

16.

Which star stage does our Sun belong to?

a)

Supergiant

b)

Giant

c)

Main Sequence

d)

White Dwarf

17.

Which star stage is generally the HOTTEST?

a)

Supergiant

b)

Giant

c)

Main Sequence

d)

White Dwarf

18.

Which star stage is generally the COOLEST?

a)

Supergiant

b)

Giant

c)

Main Sequence

d)

White Dwarf

19.

Which comparison is correct?

a)

Supergiants are hotter and brighter than White Dwarfs

b)

Supergiants are hotter and less bright than White Dwarfs

c)

Supergiants are cooler and brighter than White Dwarfs

d)

Supergiants are cooler and less bright than White Dwarfs

20.

Which comparison is correct?

a)

Giants are brighter than Superigants

b)

Giants are just as bright as Supergiants

c)

Giants are less bright than Supergiants

d)

Giants do not have a brightness

21.

The action in which sediments are dumped or dropped into a new location.

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

22.

The process by which rock materials are broken down by the action of mechanical (physical) and chemical processes.

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

23.

The process by which wind, water, ice or gravity transport soil, rocks, and sediments from one location to another.

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

24.

A mudslide flowing down a steep hill

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

25.

Flood waters pounding against a canyon wall and wearing/breaking it down.

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

26.

Caves being formed by acid rain dissolving (breaking down) underground limestone

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

27.

Glaciers dropped rock and sand to form terminal moraines (mounds).

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

28.

Muddy water being carried away by a fast moving river

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

29.

Water getting into cracks, freezing, and breaking the rocks or pavement

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

30.

Ponds filling up with sediments because they have been deposited after heavy rains

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

31.

Sediments settling (stopping) at the base of a cliff

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

32.

Waves taking/moving sand away after they crashed on the shore line.

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

33.

Compared to the Sun, Spica is .......

a)

hotter and brighter

b)

cooler and brighter

c)

hotter and dimmer

d)

cooler and dimmer

34.

Ninety percent of all stars are ______ .

a)

white dwarfs

b)

supergiants

c)

red giants

d)

main sequence stars

35.

A star with a temperature of 10,000 K and a luminosity of 5000 times greater than the Sun would be a ____________.

a)

supergiant

b)

red giant

c)

white dwarf

d)

main sequence star

36.
Which star has the lowest temperature?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
37.
Which spectral class does our star, the sun, belong to?
a)
M
b)
K
c)
G
d)
F
38.

Which best describes stars in area C

a)

Brighter and Hotter

b)

Brighter an Cooler

c)

Dim and Hotter

d)

Dim and Cooler

39.

Which best describes area D?

a)

Brighter and Cooler

b)

Brighter and Hotter

c)

Dimer and Cooler

d)

Dimmer and Hotter

40.
What determines the color of a star? 
a)
It's size
b)
It's temperature
c)
It's composition
d)
They are all the same color 
41.

What small, hot, faint objects are found at B?

a)

neutron stars

b)

black holes

c)

white dwarfs

d)

brown dwarfs

42.

The best description of a super giant star would be -

a)

hot and bright

b)

hot and dim

c)

average brightness and temp

d)

cool and bright

43.

What type of light has a wavelength of 10 -12?

a)

visible

b)

infrared

c)

radio

d)

gamma

44.

Which elements are in the mixture?

a)

A only

b)

D only

c)

Z only

d)

A and D

e)

D and Z

45.

Which elements are present in the mixture?

a)

D and E

b)

D and G

c)

E and G

d)

only D

e)

only G

46.
What gases are in the unknown mixture?
a)
Gas B & Gas D
b)
Gas C & Gas B
c)
Gas A & Gas D
d)
Gas D & Gas C
47.
Which has the LONGEST wavelength and, therefore, the lowest frequency/energy
a)
Gamma Rays
b)
Radio Waves
c)
Visible Light
d)
Infrared rays
48.

The color of emitted light with the SHORTEST wavelength is

a)

violet

b)

green

c)

red

d)

indigo

49.

Which two element make up most of the sun?

a)

helium and hydrogen

b)

ammonia and methane

c)

hydrogen and oxygen

d)

oxygen and helium

50.

Which of the following has the longest wavelength?

a)

microwaves

b)

UV rays

c)

Infrared

d)

Gamma rays

51.

Which of the following has the most energy?

a)

TV

b)

Microwaves

c)

Radiowaves

d)

Infrared

52.
Based on this diagram which type of stars would belong to spectral class G and have the highest luminosity?
a)
Main Sequence Stars
b)
Giants
c)
Super Giants
d)
White Dwarfs
53.

Small chunk of rock falling through planet's atmosphere

a)

comet

b)

meteor

c)

star

d)

asteroid

54.
How can you rearrange the words to match the diagram correctly in terms of size and space?
a)
Solar System in the largest circle, then Nebula, followed by the Galaxies in the smallest circle.
b)
Nebula in the largest circle, then Galaxies, followed by the Solar System in the smallest circle.
c)
Galaxies in the largest circle, then Nebula, followed by the Solar System in the smallest circle.
d)
The diagram is labeled correctly.
55.
Analyze this HR Diagram. Which group of stars is considered to have lower than average luminosity as well as a higher than average temperature?
a)
Giants
b)
Main Sequence
c)
White Dwarfs
d)
Super Giants
56.
A collection of dust and gases where stars can form is called a:
a)
Galaxy
b)
Nebula
c)
Black Hole
d)
Supernova
57.
Our Sun is located near the edge of a _____ ______ galaxy, named the ____________.
a)
disc shaped, Milky Way
b)
disc shaped, Solar System
c)
elliptical shaped, Milky Way
d)
elliptical shaped, Solar System
58.
Choose the best description of Bernard's star.
a)
Bernard's star is both cooler and brighter than the sun.
b)
Bernard's star is both cooler and dimmer than the sun.
c)
Bernard's star is neither cooler or dimmer than the sun.
d)
Bernard's star is brighter and hotter than the sun.
59.
The sun is not:
a)
a medium size star.
b)
near the edge of a disc-shaped galaxy.
c)
many thousands of times closer to Earth than any other star.
d)
in the center of the Milky Way.
60.
Stars are classified on the HR diagram by:
a)
luminosity & brightness
b)
temperature & absolute magnitude luminosity
c)
temperature & apparent magnitude
d)
temperature & density
61.
What shape is this galaxy?
a)
elliptical
b)
spiral
c)
irregular
d)
obtuse
62.
In the diagram given, what happens as we move to the left?
a)
Stars Get Larger
b)
Stars get Colder
c)
Stars get hotter
63.
Which star is the coldest?
a)
Yellow Star
b)
Red Star
c)
Orange Star
d)
Blue Star
64.
What type of galaxy is this?
a)
Spiral
b)
Elliptical
c)
Irregular 
d)
Irrational
65.
Which statement is true about the sun?
a)
It is a star.    
b)
It is the largest star in our galaxy. 
c)
It is a planet close to Earth.
d)
It is a moon. 
66.
 Why does the sun appear so bright in our sky?
a)
The sun is the largest star
b)
Looking at the sun can hurt your eyes  
c)
The sun is the nearest star to Earth 
d)
Clouds make the sun dimmer
67.

A rocky body in orbit around a planet.

a)

Moon

b)

Comet

c)

Meteorite

d)

Nebula

68.

The Milky Way

a)

Star

b)

Moon

c)

Planet

d)

Galaxy

69.
What is the name of the explosion at the death of a massive star?
a)
Supergiant
b)
Supernova
c)
Black Hole
d)
Nebula
70.
______ is a force that causes dust particles to stick together in a nebula.
a)
nuclear fusion
b)
gravity
c)
hydrogen
d)
iron
71.
Which star has the lowest luminosity?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
72.

Our sun is in what stage?

a)

planetary nebula

b)

protostar

c)

main sequence

d)

red giant

73.

Why can't we see the entire shape of the Milky Way Galaxy?

a)

Earth is part of the Milky Way

b)

More stars exist outside of the galaxy

c)

the stars in the center are very small

d)

the center of the galaxy is a dense star cluster

74.

This is a model of a galaxy a student made out of sand, each grain of sand would represent-

a)

comet

b)

black hole

c)

asteroid

d)

star

75.

Why does the sun appear brighter than the supergiant star Betelgeuse?

a)

the sun is a different color

b)

the sun is older

c)

the sun is closer

d)

the sun is made of different elements

76.

Scientists detected a small bright object with a fan shaped tail coming close to the sun, what was this object?

a)

asteroid

b)

comet

c)

meteor

77.

The picture is of a galaxy found in the Universe. What is the shape of this galaxy?

a)

Spiral

b)

Elliptical

c)

Obtuse

d)

Irregular

78.
The illustration provided shows four locations in or near the Milky Way Galaxy. Which of the labeled locations shows the approximate position of the Sun?
a)
W
b)
X
c)
Y
d)
Z
79.
How many of the stars visible in the night sky are closer to Earth than to the Sun?
a)
All of them
b)
None of them
c)
About half
d)
Only one
80.
A characteristic of a nebula is that it
a)
is at the center of the solar system
b)
is a region where stars are born
c)
forms halfway through a star's life cycle
d)
has the coolest temperature in space
81.
What two types of measurements make up DENSITY? 
a)
Mass and Volume
b)
Temperature and Mass
c)
Grams and Centimeters
d)
Volume and Weight
82.
Look at this image.  Which object has the LOWEST density in water? How? 
a)
The Ping Pong Ball because it floats to the top 
b)
The bolt because it has sunk to the bottom
c)
The soda cap because it is not just full of air like the Ping Pong ball

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