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Midterm Review Unit 4

Total questions: 80

Worksheet time: 1hrs 3mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the project that scientist are doing to study all of the genes in humans?

a)

Human Genome

b)

Gene Therapy

c)

Meiosis

d)

Genetics

2.

When a cell contains only one set of chromosomes.

a)

Autosomes

b)

diploid

c)

haploid

d)

zygote

3.

__________________ is the study of how traits are passed on, or inherited.

a)

Pedigrees

b)

Transformation

c)

Gene Therapy

d)

Genetics

4.

Chromosomes that are paired together during meiosis and carry the same set of genes are called

a)

homologous alleles

b)

homologous genes

c)

homologous zygotes

d)

homologous chromosomes

5.

In which phase does the DNA copy itself?

a)

interphase

b)

metaphase

c)

anaphase

d)

telophase

6.

If 2n = 48 for a particular cell, then the chromosome number in each cell after meiosis would be

a)

96

b)

48

c)

24

d)

12

7.
Identify the phase:
a)
Metaphase I
b)
Metaphase II
c)
Anaphase I
d)
Anaphase II
8.

Which of the following cells is a gamete? (3)

a)

egg

b)

sperm

c)

Somatic Cell

d)

sex cell

e)

Body cell

9.
The fertilized egg is termed a/an _____.
a)

gamete

b)

Embryo

c)

homolog

d)

zygote

10.

In mitosis cells are genetically​ ​ (a)   , but in meiosis cells are genetically ​ (b)   .

Choose from the below words
identical
diverse
11.

Is this karyotype for a male or female?

a)

MALE

b)

FEMALE

12.
The cells produced via meiosis are called:
a)
sex cells
b)
somatic cells
c)
body cells
d)
skin cells
13.
What is it called when a sperm and egg meet?
a)
meiosis
b)
fertilization
c)
cell division
d)
mitosis
14.
Unlike mitosis, meiosis in male mammals results in the formation of
a)

two haploid gametes

b)

two diploid gametes

c)

four diploid gametes

d)

four haploid gametes

15.

If a somatic cell in a butterfly contains 36 chromosomes, a butterfly egg would contain

a)

36

b)

72

c)

18

d)

24

16.
The process of crossing over occurs in what phase of meiosis?
a)
anaphase 1
b)
prophase 1
c)
prophase 2
d)
telophase 1
17.
The chromosomes that pair up during meiosis, are called __________ chromosomes.  
a)
homozygous 
b)
asexual
c)
homologous
d)
genes
18.
Crossing over helps promote 
a)

male genotype

b)

genetic variation

c)

DNA replication

d)

mitosis

19.

The daughter cells of mitosis are ​ (a)   while the daughter cells of meiosis are ​ (b)  

Choose from the below words
Body cells
Gametes
20.

Select the following that describe the type of cell shown in the karyotype. (3)

a)

Diploid

b)

Haploid

c)

Body Cell

d)

Gamete

e)

Male

21.

Select the following that describe the karyotype chart. (2)

a)

Diploid

b)

Haploid

c)

Male

d)

Female

22.

Which of the following are examples of gametes?

a)

Sperm

b)

Egg

c)

Liver

d)

Skin

23.

How many autosomal chromosomes are in the karyotype?

a)

44

b)

46

c)

2

d)

1

24.

How many sex chromosomes are in the karyotype?

a)

44

b)

46

c)

2

d)

1

25.

What type of chart does scientist use to show the number of chromosomes in a cell?

a)

Karyotype

b)

Punnett Square

c)

Pedigree

d)

Chart

26.

What is the purpose of Meiosis?

a)

To make reproductive cells

b)

to make body cells

c)

to produce somatic cells

d)

to grow the body

27.

Which type of cell divisions purpose is separate homologous chromosomes?

a)

Mitosis

b)

Meiosis 1

c)

Meiosis 2

28.

What is a group of four chromatids?

a)

Chromosome

b)

Tetrad

c)

Gene

d)

Cytokinesis

29.

What is the process that happens during meiosis where genes are exchanged between homologous chromosomes?

a)

Crossing over

b)

Independent Assortment

c)

Nondisjunction

d)

Disjunction

30.

Select all of the following that are the end result of meiosis.

a)

4 cells

b)

Haploid Cells

c)

Diploid Cells

d)

2 Cells

e)

Genetically Different

31.

What is the cause of chromosomes not pulling apart correctly?

a)

Karyotype

b)

Nondisjunction

c)

Disjunction

d)

Crossing over

32.
Which organelle is DNA usually found in?
a)
cell membrane
b)
vacuole
c)
chloroplast
d)
nucleus
33.
How can a person's muscle cells have the same exact DNA sequences as their nerve cells even though the look and perform completely different?
a)
The two different cells become mutated
b)
The proteins expressed in each cell are different
c)
They actually have different DNA in the two types of cells.
d)
The genome of the different cells changes
34.
What is the purpose of transcription? 
a)
to make protein
b)
to make ribosomes
c)
to make nucleus
d)
to make mRNA
35.

a section of DNA that carries the genetic code for a particular characteristic

a)

haploid

b)

chromosome

c)

nucleotide

d)

gene

36.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
37.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
38.
A long chain of amino acids is a/an
a)
protein
b)
nucleic acid
c)
tRNA
d)
mRNA
39.

Which organelle is the location where protein is made?

a)

Ribosome

b)

Nucleus

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Nucleotide

40.

During transcription, this type of ribonucleic acid is responsible for copying the DNA and brining it out of the nucleus.

a)

tRNA

b)

mRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

dRNA

41.
One of the threadlike structures in the nucleus of a cell that contain directions for the cell's activities
a)
variation
b)
pedigree
c)
DNA
d)
chromosome
42.

During translation, this type of ribonucleic acid is responsible for delivering amino acids to help make a protein.

a)

mRNA

b)

rRNA

c)

tRNA

d)

dRNA

43.

There are a total of ____ different amino acids

a)

20

b)

1

c)

4

d)

unlimited

44.

How many amino acids are found on one tRNA?

a)

20

b)

4

c)

1

d)

3

45.
This is the triplet of bases on the end of a tRNA molecule
a)
Anticodon
b)
Codon
c)
Protein
46.
The process where DNA is transcribed to mRNA happens in what part of the cell?
a)
Nucleus
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Cytoplasm
d)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
47.
The process where mRNA is read and made into an amino acid chain.
a)
Transcription
b)
Translation
c)
Transportation
d)
Transient
48.
What is the three base sequence of mRNA that codes for a single amino acid?
a)
Anticodon
b)
Codon
c)
Protein
49.
What is the mRNA strand that would result from the DNA template strand CCTA?
a)
GGAT
b)
CCAT
c)
GGAU
d)
CCAU
50.

How many nucleotides equal 1 amino acid?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

51.
Which two processes are involved in protein synthesis?
a)
Replication and Transcription
b)
Replication and Translation
c)
Transcription and Translation
52.

Which of the following best describes transcription? (M.Bio5.4 Lv 3)

a)

a copy of a gene in DNA is made out of a single strand of mRNA

b)

tRNA molecules carrying amino acids match up their anticodon with the codon in the mRNA to form a protein

c)

the cell copies the DNA so that it has extra copies

d)

proteins work to change how your cell behaves

53.

Which of the following best describes translation? (M.Bio5.4 Lv 3)

a)

a copy of a gene in DNA is made out of a single strand of mRNA

b)

tRNA molecules carrying amino acids match up their anticodon with the codon in the mRNA to form a protein

c)

the cell copies the DNA so that it has extra copies

d)

proteins work to change how your cell behaves

54.

Molecule that makes up proteins (monomer of proteins)

a)

Ribosome

b)

rRNA

c)

Ribose

d)

Amino acid

55.
Amino acids are the building blocks of... 
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
c)
Atoms
d)
Proteins
56.
What amino acid sequence will be produced based on the mRNA codon sequence
5'-AUG-UCU-UCG-UUA-UCC-UUG-3'
a)
met-ser-leu-ser-leu-ser
b)
met-ser-ser-leu-ser-leu
c)
met-leu-phe-arg-glu-glu
d)
met-glu-arg-arg-glu-leu
57.

A chain of amino acids.

a)

Polypeptide

b)

polysaccaride

c)

nucleotide

d)

nucleic acid

58.

What type of bond holds amino acids together?

a)

Hydrogen

b)

Covalent

c)

Peptide

d)

Nitrogen

59.

What amino acid would match the codons AAG and AAA?

a)

Lysine

b)

Asparagine

c)

Serine

d)

Arginine

60.

What are the two molecules that make up the backbone of DNA?

a)

carbon

b)

sugar

c)

phosphate

d)

nitrogen bases

61.

What are the four nitrogen bases found in DNA?

a)

Adenine

b)

Guanine

c)

Cytosine

d)

Thymine

e)

Uracil

62.

What did photo 51 reveal the shape of DNA is?

a)
"S"
b)

Double Helix

c)

X

d)
curve
63.
The sugar in DNA is ?
a)
sucrose
b)
glucose
c)
deoxyribose
d)

ribose

64.

When DNA makes a copy of itself, select all the following that are true. (2)

a)

the strands are identical

b)

the replicated strands only have new copies of DNA

c)

the replicated strands have an original and new copy

d)

the strands contain mutations

65.

What is the purpose of DNA?

a)

genetic code

b)

make proteins

c)

protect the cell

d)

create RNA

66.
DNA makes a copy of itself in a process called ________________________________?
a)

protein synthesis

b)
replication
c)

Interphase

d)
division
67.

What are the building blocks for DNA? (monomer)

a)
carbohydrates
b)
nucleotides
c)
lipids
d)
proteins
68.
Which one of the following nucleotide pair bonds would be found in a DNA molecule?
a)
adenine-guanine
b)
guanine-cytosine
c)
adenine-cytosine
d)
cytosine-uracil
69.

Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand

ATG TGA CAG

a)

ATG TGA CAG

b)

TAC ACT GTC

c)

GTA AGT GAC

d)

UAC ACU GUC

70.
Which component of DNA determines the traits of an organism? 
a)
Nitrogen Bases
b)
Sugar-Phosphate Backbone
c)
Hydrogen bonds
71.

What is a section of DNA that carries the genetic code for a particular protein?

a)

nucleic acid

b)

chromosome

c)

nucleotide

d)

gene

72.
What are the nucleotides made of?
a)
Sugar, Phosphate, nitrogen base
b)
Phosphate, Adenine, nitrogen base
c)
Thymine, Adenine, Cytomine
d)
Phosphate, Nitrogen, Adenine
73.
Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
74.
What does DNA stand for?
a)
Deoxyribonucleic acid
b)
Denitrogenous acid
c)
Deribonucleic acid
d)
Diribonucleic acid
75.
Which of the following monomers are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA?
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
fatty acids
d)
polysaccharides
76.
If a DNA molecule consists of 29% Guanine, how much cytosine will it contain?
a)
29%
b)
58%
c)
21%
d)
I have no idea.
77.

Which of the following are differences in the structure between RNA and DNA

a)

DNA uses deoxyribose sugar, RNA uses sugar ribose

b)

DNA is made up of nucleic acids and RNA is made up of proteins

c)

DNA is a double helix, RNA is a single helix

d)

DNA pairs Adenine with Thymine, RNA pairs Adenine with Uracil

78.

The sugar in RNA is ?

a)
sucrose
b)
glucose
c)
deoxyribose
d)

ribose

79.

What is the nitrogen bases that have a double ringed structure called?

a)

Purine

b)

Pyrimidines

c)

Hydrogen Bonds

d)

Nucleotides

80.

What is the nitrogen bases that have a single ringed structure called?

a)

Purine

b)

Pyrimidines

c)

Hydrogen Bonds

d)

Nucleotides

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