WorksheetsBTEC Sport revision - unit 1 combined
Total questions: 60
Worksheet time: 30mins
What are the responses of the skeletal system after a single session of exercise?
Stimulates mineral uptake in the bones
Increased range of joint movement
Increased bone density and strength
Stimulates production of collagen due to stress on the bones
A lack of regular exercise can cause what common conditions in the skeletal system?
Diabetes
Osteoporosis
Arthritis
Scoliosis
Regular exercise will cause the following long-term aerobic adaptations to the muscular system.
Increased mitochondria, increased myoglobin and increased use of fat (as an energy source)
Increased mitochondria, reduced myoglobin and increased use of glycogen
Increased myoglobin, increased tolerance to lactate and increased stores of glycogen
One long-term change to the muscular system due to regular anaerobic training is...
(a)
Short-term (immediate) responses to exercise for the respiratory system include...
Increased breathing rate
Increased vital capacity
Increased tidal volume
Increased heart rate
How does altitude affect the respiratory system?
Reduces the amount of oxygen available
Muscles fatigue more rapidly
We breath in less air
Decreases the body's red blood cell count
What are the 3 main types of muscles in the human body
Skeletal
Involuntary
Voluntary
Cardiac
Smooth
What are the characteristics of a Smooth Muscle
Contract slowly
Unconsciously controlled
Consciously controlled
Contract quickly
What are the characteristics of the Cardiac Muscle?
Does not fatigue
Fatigues quickly
Works consciously
Works unconsciously
What are the correct statements about skeletal muscles?
Attached to Skeleton
Unconsciously controlled
Voluntarily controlled
Create Movement
Which muscles make up the lower leg?
Gastrocnemius
Tibialis anterior
Hamstring
Soleus
Which muscle is NOT located on your forearm?
Wrist flexor
Latissimus Dorsi
Supinator
Pronator
Identify the muscle.
Gluteals
Quadriceps
Hamstrings
Deltoids
Identify the muscle.
Obliques
Trapezius
Teres Major
Latissimus Dorsi
Identify the muscle.
Biceps
Triceps
Supinator
Pronator
Identify the muscle.
Deltoids
Latissimus Dorsi
Triceps
Trapezius
Identify the muscle.
Hamstrings
Gastrocnemius
Gluteals
Soleus
Identify the muscle.
Pectoral
Tricep
Bicep
Deltoid
Where is the Cardiac muscle located?
Wall of the heart
Wall of the lungs
Wall of the blood vessels
Wall of the bones
Identify the muscle
Hamstring
Quadricep
Tibialis Anterior
Gastrocenmius
Identify the muscle?
Supinator
Wrist flexor
Bicep
Wrist Extensor
Identify the muscle
Tibialis anterior
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Quadricep
Identify the muscle.
Abdominals
Obliques
Hip Flexor
Pronator
The respiratory system provides __________ to body tissues and removes waste products.
Carbon dioxide
Lactic-acid
Oxygen
Water
Main function of the respiratory system are...
Pulmonary circulation & gas exchange
Pulmonary ventilation & gas exchange
Thermoregulation & gas exchange
The chamber of the chest is known as the...
Lungs
Thoracic cavity
Diaphragm
Pharynx
The role of the intercostal muscles during INSPIRATION.
External intercostals CONTRACT and internal intercostals RELAX. This lifts the ribs/thoracic cavity UP and OUT.
External intercostals RELAX and internal intercostals CONTRACT. This lifts the ribs/thoracic cavity DOWN and IN.
External intercostals RELAX and internal intercostals CONTRACT. This lifts the ribs/thoracic cavity UP and OUT.
External intercostals CONTRACT and internal intercostals RELAX. This lifts the ribs/thoracic cavity DOWN and IN.
The role of the intercostal muscles during EXPIRATION.
External intercostals CONTRACT and internal intercostals RELAX. This lifts the ribs/thoracic cavity UP and OUT.
External intercostals RELAX and internal intercostals CONTRACT. This lifts the ribs/thoracic cavity DOWN and IN.
External intercostals RELAX and internal intercostals CONTRACT. This lifts the ribs/thoracic cavity UP and OUT.
External intercostals CONTRACT and internal intercostals RELAX. This lifts the ribs/thoracic cavity DOWN and IN.
Select the correct answer which best describes the breathing mechanics during INSPIRATION.
Ribs move down and in, diaphragm relaxes and moves upwards, chest decreases, external intercostal muscles relax.
Ribs move down and in, diaphragm contracts and moves downwards, chest decreases, external intercostal muscles relax.
Ribs move up and out, diaphragm relaxes and moves upwards, chest increases, external intercostal muscles relax.
Ribs move up and out, diaphragm contracts and moves down/flattens, chest expands, external intercostal muscles contract.
Explain the process of gas exchange at the alveoli.
Concentration of oxygen in the alveoli is high. Concentration of oxygen in the blood is low. This creates a steeper diffusion gradient/ oxygen diffuses quicker. Oxygen moves from the alveoli into the blood.
Concentration of oxygen in the alveoli is low. Concentration of oxygen in the blood is high. This creates a steeper diffusion gradient/ oxygen diffuses quicker. Oxygen moves from the blood into the alveoli.
Concentration of oxygen in the alveoli is the same as the concentration of oxygen in the blood. This removes the diffusion gradient. Oxygen does not move anywhere.
The respiratory control centre located in the _________________ ___________________ of the brain controls breathing.
Chemo-receptor
Medulla Oblongata
Lungs
Respiratory muscles
Breathing rate is...
An increase in the number of times you breathe per minute.
An increase in the number of times you breathe per hour.
An increase in the number of times you breathe during exercise.
An increase in the number of times you breathe during rest.
Chemoreceptors which detect changes...
in blood pH (acidity of blood)
in blood viscosity (thickness of blood)
in blood temperature
in blood volume
Chemoreceptors send signals to the medulla oblongata to cause breathing rate to change - how does this occur?
Signals are sent through the lungs and then to the medulla oblongata.
Signals are sent to the respiratory muscles and then to the medulla oblongata
Increases the frequency of signals to the respiratory muscles. The respiratory muscles contract at a faster rate.
Gases will always diffuse (gas exchange) from areas of...
High concentration to areas of a low concentration.
Low concentration to areas of high concentration.
equal concentrations to high concentration.
high concentration to areas of equal concentration.
'The volume of air inspired or expired per breath' is referred to as the _____________________________.
Pulmonary ventilation
Tidal volume
Breathing rate
Vital capacity
Residual volume
'The volume of air inspired or expired per minute' is referred to as the _____________________________.
Pulmonary ventilation
Tidal volume
Breathing rate
Vital capacity
Residual volume
'The volume able to be forcibly inspired during normal breathing' is...
Inspiratory reserve volume
Tidal volume
Breathing rate
Expiratory reserve volume
Residual volume
'The volume able to forcibly expired, after a normal breathe' is...
Inspiratory reserve volume
Tidal volume
Breathing rate
Expiratory reserve volume
Residual volume
'The volume of air that remains in the lungs after forced maximum expiration (fully exhaling)' is...
Inspiratory reserve volume
Tidal volume
Breathing rate
Expiratory reserve volume
Residual volume
Pulmonary ventilation (VE) = __________________ X ________________
Residual volume X Breathing rate
Expiratory reserve volume X Residual volume
Tidal volume X Breathing rate
Vital capacity X Breathing rate
Asthma is...
a disorder characterized by low bone mass, leading to bone fragility, and consequent increase in fracture risk.
a medical condition in which a person's spine has a sideways curve. The curve is usually "S"- or "C"-shape.
a common condition where airways can become restricted. The tightening of the muscles surrounding the trachea prevent gases from freely moving in or out.
a condition in which the body or a region of the body is deprived of adequate oxygen supply at the tissue level.
Label 1, 2 & 3 above:
1 = Pharynx, 2 = Lung & 3 = Diaphragm
1 = Nasal cavity, 2 = Trachea & 3 = Alveoli
1 = Larynx, 2 = Trachea & 3 = Bronchi
1 = Nasal cavity, 2 = Bronchi & 3 = Alveoli
What is the name of the receptors that detect change in blood pH?
Baroreceptors
Chemoreceptors
pH receptors
chemicalreceptors
What part of the brain receives signals regarding changing breathing rate?
Cardiac control centre
Respiratory control centre
Breathing control centre
Hypothalamus
Name the missing part in the travel of air into the lungs:
pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, _________ alveoli
Epiglottis
Diaphragm
Thoracic Cavity
Bronchioles
Select the 3 characteristics of the membranes that increase efficiency of gaseous exchange.
one cell thick
large surface area
layer of moisture
lots of holes
Definition: "The volume of air
breathed in and out
with each breath"
Breathing rate
Tidal Volume
Inspiratory Reserve Volume
Vital Capacity
Definition: "The amount of air that can be forced out of the lungs after maximal inspiration."
Tidal Volume
Breathing Rate
Vital Capacity
Inspiratory Reserve Volume
Select the acute adaptations of the respiratory system
Increased breathing rate
Increased strength of respiratory muscles
Increased size of thoracic cavity
Increased tidal volume
Select the chronic adaptations of the respiratory system.
Increased breathing rate
Increased strength of respiratory muscles
Increased Tidal Volume
Increased Vital Capacity
Name the nerve that stimulates an increase in the contraction rate and force of respiratory muscles
Breathing nerve
Phrenic Nerve
Siatic Nerve
Trochlear nerve
What are the possible negative effects of training at altitude?
Home sickness
Altitude sickness
Clouds
Lack of motivation
Poor coaching
What is different about training at altitude and sea level that causes adaptation to occur?
The amount of food to eat
The partial pressure of O2
The partial pressure of CO2
The partial pressure of nitrogen
Which respiratory muscles work during inspiration?
Diaphragm
Internal intercostals
External Intercostals
Which respiratory muscles work during expiration?
Diaphragm
Internal intercostals
External intercostals
