the cell wall of a bacteria contains peptidoglycan (complex macromolecular polymer made up of repeating disaccharides attached to polypeptide chains). They grow and reproduce by Binary Fission and has the ability to move.

     often found in extreme environments. Consists of prokaryotic cells, but if cell wall is present, it lacks peptidoglycan.

     mushrooms, molds, and yeast are example of unicellular fungi. Bigger than bacteria. It’s cell wall component is Chitin

unicellular eukaryotic, complex cell structure lacking a cell wall.

cell walls are composed of a carbohydrate called cellulose. These are photosynthetic eukaryotes with a wide variety of shape. For aquatic terrestrial, 70% of oxygen comes from algae.

very different from other microbial groups. They are so small that most can be seen only with an electron microscope, and they are acellular.

      (cell walls contain a protein-carbohydrate complex called peptidoglycan)

Which of the following is not a

characteristic of bacteria?

Which of the following

is a scientific name?

Identify what is number 2?

Identify no.3

Identify no.4

Identify no.51.       – allows for a quick change of objectives

This is the part used to look

through the microscope.

Usually 10 X magnification.

Oil immersion objective

High power objective

Low power objective

Scanning objective

TO OBSERVE VARIOUS STAINED

SPECIMENS AND TO COUNT

MICROBES; DOES NOT

resolve very small specimens, such

as viruses.

TO EXAMINE LIVING

MICROORGANISMS THAT ARE

INVISIBLE IN BRIGHTFIELD

microscopy, do not stain easily, or

are distorted by staining.

Which is not the general requirements for a specimen to be

successfully examined using brightfield microscopy are:

Placing a whole organism or specimen on a

slide for microscopic examination.

where cells are intentionally squashed or

crushed onto a slide to reveal their

contents

consists of spreading small volume of sample

on a slide and air drying the film before

staining and microscopy.

Supported by an instrument (microtome)

for cutting very thin slices from a block of

tissue set in wax, or frozen, for

microscopic examination

BASIC DYE

NEGATIVE

IONS

simply means coloring the

microorganisms with a dye that

emphasizes certain structures.

aqueous or alcohol

solution of a single basic

dye.

Unlike simple stains, differential

stains react differently with

different kinds of bacteria and thus

can be used to distinguish them.

tend to be killed

easily by penicillins

and cephalosporins.

generally more resistant

because the antibiotics

cannot penetrate the

lipopolysaccharide layer.

      Removal or destruction of all forms of microbial life.

·Inactivates most microbes on the surface of a fomite by using anti-microbial chemicals or heat.

inanimate items such as doorknobs, toys, or towels which may harbor microbes and aid in disease transmission.

·         Process of reducing or inhibiting microbes on living tissue.

·         Removing of microbes on limited area like the skin around an injection site.

·         Process that lowers microbial count on eating surfaces and utensils to ensure safety of our health.

a mode of reproduction in which a new offspring is produced by a single parent

– a mode of reproduction bacteria undergoes to.

– anaerobic pathway for breaking down glucose. Only energy extraction pathway is glycolysis.

What temperature sterilize agar?

What machine do we use to heat up agar??

reduces spoilage organisms and pathogens.

Way of writing nomenclature

   can go through atom and sterilize. Removing electrons from atoms and molecules of materials that include Air, Water, and Living tissue.

Agar

Petri Dish

   contains no agar.

1    w/ agar around 0.5% -1% concentration.

1.5% - 3% agar concentration.

allow the pure isolation of a microbe,

How many factors that influence Microbial Growth

    ideal environment for microbial life to grow, they contain nutrients.

It is called the “danger zone”.

    microorganisms multiply in 20 minutes.

for them to grow, they need water or moisture.

    they need this in order to live.

acidity or alkalinity.

How many phases of growth the bacteria have

- refers to the use of any kind of a microscope that uses visible light to observe specimens.

to examine viruses or the internal ultrastructure in thin sections of cells (usually magnified 10,000–100,000×).

to study the surface features of cells and viruses (usually magnified 1000–10,000×)

Ø  uses electrons instead of light

Total Magnification =

Ø  Basic dye

Ø  Acidic dye

Which is not a general requirement to be successfully examined the specimen

According to Koch’s postulates, which is not for an organism to be the cause of a disease

also known as a line chart or a line plot, is commonly drawn to show information that changes over time.