WorksheetsComputer Organisation and System Architecture
Total questions: 150
Worksheet time: 1hrs 26mins
The _________ controls the I/O devices and transfer of data to and from the primary storage.
LU
AU
ALU
CU
____________ enables the processor to access data quickly whenever they are needed.
CU
Cache
Memory
Register
The set of wires, which carry information in a controlled manner, is called
System bus
Public bus
Private bus
None of these
The ALU works on the instructions and data held in the _______________
Notebook
Registers
Copy Pad
I/O devices
The fastest memory in the computer system is _____________
ROM
RAM
Cache
None of these
A register that keeps track of the next instruction to be executed is called a _____________
Program Counter
Instruction Register
Accumulator
Data Register
A processor only operates on binary data, that is, data composed of 1s and 0s.
True
False
The address bus informs the CPU about the location of of the data residing in the memory.
The L2 cache is usually 64KB - 2MB in size.
_______________ is a large multilayered printed circuit board inside a computer that contains CPU,BIOS,ROM chip and the CMOS setup information.
Motherboard
RAM
ROM
Cache
The ___________ informs the CPU about the location of the data residing in the memory.
Data bus
Address bus
Cache
Control line
What is the purpose of the CPU?
Process data and instructions
Controls components of the computer
Fetches and executes instructions
Central Processing Unit
What is the name of the component that performs calculations and decisions?
Central Processing Unit
Arithmetic Logic Unit
Accumulator
Calculator
The program counter and accumulator are examples of what components of a CPU
Buses
Components
Processors
Registers
What is the purpose of the cache?
Select all correct answers
Provides fast access to data and instructions
Stores frequently used data and instructions
Contains the address of the instruction being executed at the current time
Means CPU needs to use RAM less
What functions does the control unit perform?
Choose two answers
Decodes Instructions
Performs arithmetic and logic operations
Sends control signals to control how data moves round the CPU
Contains the address of the next instruction to be executed
What is the purpose of the memory data register?
Contains the address of the next instruction to be executed
Holds data that is fetched from or written to memory
Holds the current instruction being carried out
Holds the memory location of data that needs to be accessed
Why is an embedded system a type of computer system?
You can install software onto it
It is a built in system that has a single purpose
It is in a mechanical device
It has takes an input, processes data and delivers an output
Explain the purpose of the program counter
Counts programs
Holds the address of the next instruction
Allows a program to run
Keeps count of the number of cycles
What factors affect the speed of a CPU?
Select multiple answers
Size of Cache
Number of Cores
Clock Speed
Size of RAM
Which are the first 3 registers used in the Fetch - Execute cycle?
MDR then Acc then PC
PC then MAR then MDR
MAR then MDR then Acc
PC then MAR then Acc
Which of these are not steps in the FDE cycle?
Instructions are fetched from main memory
Instructions are decoded in the control unit
The decoded instruction is executed
The ALU decodes the instructions
The program counter transfers the data to be decoded to the MDR
Which of the following has the largest memory?
RAM
Cache
Which of the following is the fastest memory?
RAM
Cache
Which of these are input devices?
Microphone
Headphones
Printer
USB Stick
Scanner
Which of the following are not secondary storage devices?
Hard Drive
USB Stick
CD
RAM
Registers
Which of the following are peripherals?
CPU
Motherboard
Mouse
Cache
Printer
Which of the following are real registers?
Main drive register
Memory address register
Current instruction register
Accomodater
Program counter
Which of the following has the largest memory?
RAM
Cache
Which of the following is the fastest memory?
RAM
Cache
Which of these are input devices?
Microphone
Headphones
Printer
USB Stick
Scanner
Which of the following are not secondary storage devices?
Hard Drive
USB Stick
CD
RAM
Registers
Which of these are REGISTERS in the CPU? (Tick ALL that are correct)
Accumulator
ALU
Program Counter
Memory Address Register
Control Unit
Which of these best defines an embedded system?
A computer system
A general purpose computer system
A dedicated computer system built into a device
A portable computer system
A computer system with no operating system
What are the key characteristics that affect CPU performance?
Control Unit
Clock Speed
Cache size
Cores
According to the von Neumann model, _______ are stored in memory.
only data
only programs
data & programs
neither data nor programs
Which of these are REGISTERS in the CPU? (Tick ALL that are correct)
Accumulator
ALU
Program Counter
Memory Address Register
Control Bus Register
Tick all options that happen in the FETCH CYCLE?
PC is incremented
The Instruction at the MAR address is read from RAM
The PC value is copied to the MAR
The instruction in the MAR is decoded
The value in the MDR is written to the address in the MAR.
Tick all options that happen in the DECODE CYCLE?
PC is incremented
The Instruction at the MAR address is read from RAM
The PC value is copied to the MAR
The instruction in the MAR is decoded by the CU
The value in the MDR is written to the address in the MAR.
Tick all options that happen in the EXECUTE CYCLE?
PC is incremented
The data at the MAR address is read from RAM
The ALU performs any calculations required on the ACC
The instruction in the MAR is decoded by the CU
The value in the MDR is written to the address in the MAR.
The Program Counter
Stores the address of the next instruction in memory
Stores the address of where the next item will be fetched from
Stores data fetched from memory, or waiting to be stored in memory
Stores the result of arithmetic calculations
Memory Address Register (MAR)
Stores the address of the next instruction in memory
Stores the address of where the next item will be fetched from
Stores data fetched from memory, or waiting to be stored in memory
Stores the result of arithmetic calculations
Memory Data Register (MDR)
Stores the address of the next instruction in memory
Stores the address of where the next item will be fetched from
Stores data fetched from memory, or waiting to be stored in memory
Stores the result of arithmetic calculations
Accumulator
Stores the address of the next instruction in memory
Stores the address of where the next item will be fetched from
Stores data fetched from memory, or waiting to be stored in memory
Stores the result of arithmetic calculations
The Control Unit
Controls the flow of data around the CPU and also decodes instructions
Only controls the flow of data around the CPU
Only decodes instructions
Controls how much power is directed to all components within the computer
The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
Carries out numerical calculations and logical decisions
Calculates the different items of number data stored within the Accumulator and converts them into logical decisions
Calculates graphic data as they are only found within GPU units.
Calculates the flow of execution in a program and decodes instructions into small steps to be carried out by the program counter.
Which Register would be first to be accessed during the Fetch- Decode- Execute cycle?
PC
MAR
MDR
CIR
What does the MAR stand for?
Memory Address Register
Memory Addressed Register
Memory Access Register
Memory Aardvark Register
What is the name of the unit in the CPU that performs arithmetic and logic operations?
ALU
CU
MAR
MDR
This register receives and stores the binary value that is stored in MDR then passes it to Control Unit to decode.
MAR
MDR
PC
CIR
ACC
The ALU....
does any maths or logic problems for the CPU
stores data inside the CPU
sends out control signals for the CPU
holds specific data for the fetch-decode-execute cycle
The registers...
do any maths or logic problems for the CPU
store data inside the CPU
send out control signals for the CPU
hold specific data for the fetch-decode-execute cycle
The length size of a register is called..
word limit
word size
register limit
register size
The _______ holds the content of the accessed memory word.
MAR
MBR
PC
IR
During the execution of a program which gets initialized first?
MDR
IR
PC
MAR
"The channel or path between the components in a computer"
BIOS
cars
POST
bus
ISR Stands for
Internet service router
Internet Service Road
Interrupt Service road
Interrupt Service Routine
DMA stand for
Direct memory access
Direct management access
Direct mobile access
Direct memory application
According to the von Neumann model, _______ are stored in memory.
only data
only programs
data & programs
neither data nor programs
Which of these are REGISTERS in the CPU? (Tick ALL that are correct)
Accumulator
ALU
Program Counter
Memory Address Register
Control Bus Register
Tick all options that happen in the FETCH CYCLE?
PC is incremented
The Instruction at the MAR address is read from RAM
The PC value is copied to the MAR
The instruction in the MAR is decoded
The value in the MDR is written to the address in the MAR.
Tick all options that happen in the DECODE CYCLE?
PC is incremented
The Instruction at the MAR address is read from RAM
The PC value is copied to the MAR
The instruction in the MAR is decoded by the CU
The value in the MDR is written to the address in the MAR.
Tick all options that happen in the EXECUTE CYCLE?
PC is incremented
The data at the MAR address is read from RAM
The ALU performs any calculations required on the ACC
The instruction in the MAR is decoded by the CU
The value in the MDR is written to the address in the MAR.
The Program Counter
Stores the address of the next instruction in memory
Stores the address of where the next item will be fetched from
Stores data fetched from memory, or waiting to be stored in memory
Stores the result of arithmetic calculations
Memory Address Register (MAR)
Stores the address of the next instruction in memory
Stores the address of where the next item will be fetched from
Stores data fetched from memory, or waiting to be stored in memory
Stores the result of arithmetic calculations
Memory Data Register (MDR)
Stores the address of the next instruction in memory
Stores the address of where the next item will be fetched from
Stores data fetched from memory, or waiting to be stored in memory
Stores the result of arithmetic calculations
Accumulator
Stores the address of the next instruction in memory
Stores the address of where the next item will be fetched from
Stores data fetched from memory, or waiting to be stored in memory
Stores the result of arithmetic calculations
The Control Unit
Controls the flow of data around the CPU and also decodes instructions
Only controls the flow of data around the CPU
Only decodes instructions
Controls how much power is directed to all components within the computer
The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
Carries out numerical calculations and logical decisions
Calculates the different items of number data stored within the Accumulator and converts them into logical decisions
Calculates graphic data as they are only found within GPU units.
Calculates the flow of execution in a program and decodes instructions into small steps to be carried out by the program counter.
Which of the following is not an aspect of Von Neumann Architecture?
It makes use of the "Stored Program Concept"
There is a processing unit that contains an Arithmetic and Logic unit
Data and instructions are stored separate memories
Instructions and data are transferred via single shared bus
Which of the following correctly describes the "Von Neumann Bottleneck"?
The CPU is overclocked and becomes too hot
There is insufficient memory to store instructions
The CPU has data to process, but no instructions to carry this out
The CPU is idle while it waits for data to be sent
Which of the following partially mitigates the impact of Von Neumann bottleneck?
Through the use of the cache
By adding more RAM to the computer
By overclocking the CPU
The Fetch Execute Cycle
Which of the following statemens are true TRUE? (Select as many as appropriate)
Harvard Architecture makes use of a singe, shared memory for data and instructions
Harvard Architecture makes use of different buses to transmit data and instructions
Harvard Architecture makes use of separate memories for data and instructions
Harvard Architecture makes use of a single bus to transmit data and instructions
Which of the following statements about Von Neumann and Harvard Architectures are true? Select as many answers as you feel are appropriate
Harvard architecture is used in embedded systems and digital signal processing
Von Neumann architecture is more complex and costly to design/implement
In VN architecture, data and instructions use the same word size
Harvard architecture makes use of two buses to transfer instructions and data
In Harvard architecture, data and instructions use the same word size
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of Von Neumann Architecture?
The design of Control Unit is simplified
Data from memory/devices can be accessed in the same way
Only one data bus is needed
Ideal for embedded systems
TRUE OR FALSE: Modern CPU's often incorporate aspects of both Von Neumann and Harvard Architecture
TRUE
FALSE
CISC stands for...
Circuit Integrated System Chip
Complicated Instruction Set Computer
Coded Integrated System Circuit
Complex Instruction Set Computer
RISC stands for...
Reduced Integrated System Chip
Reduced Instruction Set Computer
Read-only Internal Storage Chip
Regular Instruction Set Computer
Two assembly language programs are pictured here. Which of the two statements below is correct:
Program A is for a RISC machine, program B is for a CISC machine
Program A is for a CISC machine, program B is for a RISC machine
Which statement below is NOT correct?
The compiler has less work to do in CISC
RISC architecture is not as complex as CISC
CISC has a wider range of instructions available to it
An instructions written for a CISC program requires just one sequence of the F-E-C to complete
Which of the following statements IS correct?
RISC has more complex hardware
CISC programs require less RAM to store instructions
RISC programs are closer to High Level Language than CISC programs
CISC uses less power than RISC
The idea developed in 1945 by Von Neumann of a computer holding both programs and the data used by the programs in memory is called the..?
Stored Program Concept
Memory Program System
Stored Memory Concept
Stored Memory Program
Which of these buses is not bi-directional?
Data Bus
Control Bus
Address Bus
When the CPU decodes and executes an instruction and then repeats. This is called the..
Fetch-decode-execute cycle
Decode-execute-fetch- cycle
Execute-decode-fetch- cycle
Execute-fetch-process-cycle
What is the high speed memory between the main memory and the CPU called?
Register Memory
Storage Memory
Cache Memory
Virtual Memory
which is a form of permanent memory that holds all the instructions the computer needs to start up and does not get erased when the power is turned off.
RAM
The Network Interface Card (NIC)
The CUP
ROM
The main advantage of semiconductor RAM is its ability to:
retain stored data when power is interrupted or turned off
be written to and read from rapidly
be randomly accessed
be sequentially accessed
What mode of addressing is shown in the image?
Immediate Addressing
Direct Addressing
Indirect Addressing
Index Addressing
What mode of addressing is shown in the image?
Immediate Addressing
Direct Addressing
Indirect Addressing
Index Addressing
Which of the following best describes immediate addressing?
The operand of an instruction refers directly to a location in memory.
The address of the data is held in an intermediate location so that the address is first ‘looked up’ and then used to locate the data itself.
The data to be used is hard-coded into the instruction itself.
The final address for the data is determined by adding an offset to a base address.
A machine code instruction is shown here. Which part of the instruction represents the OPERAND?
Part A
Part B
Part C
Part D
Which of following would be result of this assembly language instruction?
LDA #7
Load the accumulator with 7
Load the accumulator with the contents of memory location 7
Add 7 to the accumulator and retrieve the data from that address
Go the memory location 7 and retrieve the data from the memory location stored there
Which of following would be result of this assembly language instruction?
LDA [100]
Load the accumulator with 100
Load the accumulator with the contents of memory location 100
Add 100 to the accumulator and retrieve the data from that address
Go the memory location 100 and retrieve the data from the memory location stored there
Which of following would be the result of this assembly language instruction?
LDA &100
Load the accumulator with 100
Load the accumulator with the contents of memory location 100
Add 100 to the accumulator and retrieve the data from that address
Go the memory location 100 and retrieve the data from the memory location stored there
What would be result of the following assembly language instruction? LDA 1002,[2]
1004
50
90
1000
Which of the following statements are NOT correct? (select as many as appropriate)
Direct Addressing is the fastest mode of addressing
Indexed Addressing is ideal for using with arrays
Immediate Addressing returns the address where the data is stored
Indirect Addressing is ideal for loading pre-generated libraries and procedures
What mode of addressing is shown in the following assembly language instruction:
MOV B, @2001
Immediate
Direct
Indexed
Indirect
Look at the image shown here. How many of the following statements about the image are NOT correct? (select as many as appropriate)
The image represents DIRECT ADDRESSING
LDA &6 would load 85 into the accumulator
LDA &6 would load 6 into the accumulator
The image represents IMMEDIATE ADDRESSING
Which statements below are TRUE?
IMMEDIATE ADDRESSING is the fastest form of addressing
IMMEDIATE ADDRESSING is suited to the use of constants
IMMEDIATE ADDRESSING is suited to the use of variables
Using IMMEDIATE ADDRESSING means that the data needs to be fetched from memory
Choose the correct word to complete this sentence: "The _______ consists of binary digits representing a basic operation such as ADD or LOAD"
Operand
Opcode
Vector
Address
Choose the correct word to complete this sentence: "Using ________ addressing, the operand holds the memory address of the value to be operated on"
Immediate
Direct
Indexed
Indirect
Choose the correct word to complete this sentence: "Using ________ addressing, the operand is the location (typically a register) which holds the address of the data we want"
Immediate
Direct
Indexed
Indirect
