The central purpose of ____, an organization of African American civic leaders formed in 1879, was "to encourage and promote the development of the industrial and educational resources of the colored people of NC.

At the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, Italy, this person became the first black athlete to win a gold medal in an individual event at the Olympic Winter Games, winning the speedskating 1000 meter event.

_______ is the only California community to be founded, financed and governed by African-Americans.

In 1869, _____ became the country's first black law school.

The first university owned and operated by African-Americans is _______.

Born in Willow Springs, NC in 1939, ______ is a retired US Army officer who was Chief of the

United States Army Nurse Corps from 1987 to 1991.

In 1836, William S. Whipper helped form the ______ which helped blacks acquire farmland and aided runaway slaves in their escape to Canada.

American poet and Alamance County, NC native __________ was inducted into the North Carolina Literary Hall of Fame in 2014. She was appointed to be the 9th North Carolina Poet Laureate in June 2018 and is the first African American to receive this recognition.

_______, also known as _______ Independence Day or Freedom Day, is an American holiday that commemorates the June 19, 1865, announcement of the abolition of slavery in the U.S. state of Texas, and more generally the emancipation of enslaved African-Americans throughout the former Confederacy of the southern United States.

Located on St. Augustine's College campus, ____________ first opened its doors in October 1896 and served as a hospital and nurse training center for African Americans.

__________, better known by his stage name, 9th Wonder (or, since 2010, 9thmatic), is a record producer and record executive from Winston Salem, NC.

______ was the first, and remains the only, solo artist to win the Grammy Award for Record of the Year on two consecutive years: ""The First Time Ever I Saw Your Face"" won at the 1973 Grammys as did ""Killing Me Softly with His Song"" at the 1974 Grammys."

The Bud Billiken Day parade, the oldest and largest African American parade in the United States created with the purpose of providing "underprivileged youth with the chance to be in the limelight," is held the second Saturday of every August in ______.

In 2018, while still an undergraduate student at Howard University, Shane Jamil Hill-Taylor (born 1995) became the first African-American ______ world champion.

______, better known by his stage name, J. Cole, is a Grammy-nominated rapper, singer and producer from Fayetteville, NC. In 2009, he became the first artist to be signed to Jay-Z's Roc Nation label.

________ (1935 – 2017) was an American professional baseball player who was one of three women, and the first female pitcher, to play in the Negro Leagues.

Howard University graduate and jazz drummer ______, is owner of ____ Pianos and Keyboards, and is the first African-American piano manufacturer. T

Robert Louis Johnson (born 1946) is an American entrepreneur, media magnate, executive, philanthropist, investor, and the first black American billionaire. He is the co-founder of ___.

The Negro Motorist Green Book was an annual guidebook for African-American roadtrippers, commonly referred to simply as the Green Book, originated and published by New York City _____ mailman from 1936 to 1966.

Author, educator, and civil rights activist _____published The Souls of Black Folk, a collection of essays and sketches.

______ marked the 150th anniversary of the signing of the Thirteenth Amendment which abolished slavery.

_______was established in 1891 and

is the largest among all HBCUs (Historically Black Colleges and Universities) , and offers undergraduate and graduate degrees in seven specialized engineering fields.

_____ was the first African-American woman to be formally certified as a doctor, graduating as the valedictorian of the New York Medical College for Women in 1869.

Jan E. Matzeliger invented the first ever ____ making machine. It could make up to 700 hundred pairs of these in a ten hour work day.

__________ was the first African-American to receive a patent. It was for a dry-cleaning

process, in 1821.

_______ was an American inventor who held more than 50 patents. He is also the first American of African ancestry to be a mechanical and electrical engineer after the Civil War.

______ was the first African-American woman to be formally certified as a doctor, graduating as the valedictorian of the New York Medical College for Women in 1869

________ invented the "Jenny Coupler" in 1897, a device which allowed train cars to hook themselves together when they are bumped into one another.

“We all have dreams. In order to make dreams come into reality, it takes an awful lot of determination, dedication, self- discipline and effort.”

-_______

"If you are fortunate to have opportunity, it is your duty to make sure other people have those opportunities as well." -_______

In 1836, William S. Whipper helped form the American Moral Reform Society, which helped blacks ________ and aided runaway slaves in their escape to Canada.

_____________ of Duluth, Minnesota patented an electric elevator in 1887 with automatic doors that would close off

the shaft way, thus making elevators safer.

At 33 years old, _______ became director of the Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery at Johns Hopkins

Hospital, and is renowned for successfully performing the intricate surgery that separated Siamese twins joined at the

head.

is an American medical physicist known for her development of a novel cancer treatment

using laser-activated nanoparticles. She is one of only 66 black women to earn a Ph.D. in physics in the United States between 1973 and 2012.

Barbara Charline Jordan (1936 – 1996) was a lawyer, educator, an American politician, and a leader of the Civil Rights Movement. A Democrat, she was the first African American elected to the Texas Senate after Reconstruction, the first Southern African-American woman elected to the___.

________ (1923-2011), a physicist, mathematician and an engineer, earned a PhD. in mathematics at age 19 from the University of Chicago in 1942. Entering the University at age 13, he was its youngest student ever.

______ is an American author, professional speaker and award-winning rocket scientist who specializes

in helping audiences unleash the brain’s power.

________(1836-1913) was born a slave and self-educated. She attended Oberlin College where she

mastered Latin, Greek and mathmatics, graduating in 1865. She was committed to educating the masses of newly

freed black people- and dispelling the myth that blacks could not learn because of intellectual inferiority. A

College in Baltimore, Maryland is named in her honor.

John Howard Wrighten III was a pioneering civil rights attorney from Edisto Island, South Carolina. His discrimination lawsuit against ________ in 1946 led to the creation of a law school for black students at South Carolina State College.

_______ (1858-1964) was born in Raleigh, NC. She was an American author, educator, sociologist, speaker, Black Liberation activist, and one of the most prominent African-American scholars in United States history. She is sometimes called "the mother of Black Feminism."

________ (born March 22, 1940) is an American physicist and inventor who worked primarily for IBM and NASA. He was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 2015.

_________ is remembered for being the first African American Air Force General.

Sophia B. Packard and Harriet E. Giles founded the first college for black women in the United States in 1881. The school was named _______ after Laura Celestia Spelman Rockefeller, the wife of John D. Rockefeller, who made a sizeable donation to the school.

An attorney and businessman, Henry McKinley "Mickey" Michaux Jr. is a native of Durham, North Carolina and an alumnus of North Carolina Central University. He was elected to the North Carolina legislature in 1972, and in 1977, Michaux became the first black _____ in the South since Reconstruction.

Equal Employment Opportunity, Public Accommodation, Desegregation of Public Facilities, Desegregation of Public

Education, and Voting Rights are key provisions of the _______.

Eric Holder was born in 1951 and attended Columbia Law School. Holder was an associate judge of the D.C. Superior Court under President ____; U.S. attorney for Washington, D.C., then deputy attorney general under _____; and for _____. Holder was senior legal advisor to his presidential campaign, later becoming the first African-American Attorney General in history.

Ronald Erwin McNair (October 21, 1950 – January 28, 1986) was an American physicist and NASA astronaut. McNair died during the launch of the Space Shuttle _____. Lake City (SC) Public Library is now named after him.

In 1963, Martin Luther King was arrested and jailed during anti-segregation protests in Birmingham Alabama. It was during that time which he wrote his famous ______ which argued that individuals have the moral duty to disobey unjust laws.

_____ (1908 – 1993) was an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, serving from 1967 until 1991. He was the Court's 96th justice and its first African-American justice.

In February 2013, Cassandra Deck-Brown was sworn in as ______ police chief, becoming the first black woman to hold the post of top cop in the city. As chief, Deck-Brown assumed the responsibility of leading a department of 777 sworn officers and 99 civilians, with a budget of _____.

Winston-Salem native ____ was the first black man to receive the Medal of Honor for battlefield heroism. He, a medical aidman, bandaged his own wound, injected himself with morphine, and then attended his wounded comrades within sight of the enemy.

In the mid 1800s Philadelphia was known as ______ because of the strong abolitionist presence there and such groups as The Philadelphia Female Anti–Slavery Society, The Philadelphia Young Men’s Anti–Slavery Society and The Philadelphia Anti–Slavery Society.

“Hold fast to dreams, for if dreams die, life is a broken winged bird that cannot fly.” —_______

Calculating the trajectories for lunar or moon landings is work of very high precision and very low margins of error. _______, an African American female pioneering in the mathematics of interplanetary navigation, spent 30 years at NASA and is honored with plaques containing her name.

During the 1930’s and 1940’s, Dr. ______ gained international fame for his work on the dynamics of egg fertilization and cell structure. At age 32, he received the _______ from the NAACP, its highest recognition for the individual whose work contributed most to the advancement of African Americans.

“One day our descendants will think it incredible that we paid so much attention to things like the amount of melanin in our skin or the shape of our eyes or our gender instead of the unique identities of each of us as complex human beings.”

-_______

“Success is to be measured not so much by the position that one has reached in life as by the obstacles which he has overcome while trying to succeed.”

—________

African Americans are disproportionately liable to suffer from sickle cell anemia, a disease that can lead to stroke, swollen hands and pneumonia. For five decades, the nation’s leading researcher on this illness. -_______

She was the first surgeon to perform cytoreductive surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC) in a pediatric patient. She is currently the chief of Pediatric Medicine at the UNC School of Medicine in Chapel Hill, NC.

Lloyd Augustus Hall (June 20, 1894 – January 2, 1971) was an African American chemist, who contributed to the science of _______. By the end of his career, Hall had amassed 59 United States patents, and a number of his inventions were also patented in other countries.

Oscar Holmes (born in 1916) broke three color barriers in his lifetime, although he never set out to become a pioneer. Holmes was not only the first Black air traffic controller, he was also the U.S. Navy’s first Black commissioned officer and the military branch’s first Black ____.

Political scientist and diplomat Dr. Ralph Johnson Bunche, received the 1950 _______for his mediation efforts in _______ during the 1940s. He was thei first African-American to receive the honor.

Dr. Dorothy Lavinia Brown (January 7, 1919 – June 13, 2004[2]), also known as "Dr. D.", was an African-American surgeon, legislator, and teacher. She was the first female surgeon of African-American ancestry from the Southeastern United States. She was also the first African American to serve in the _____ General Assembly having been elected to the House of Representatives

_____ was for three terms the State Auditor of North Carolina. A Democrat, he was the first African-American to hold a state-wide elected executive office in North Carolina

______, a physicist and engineer, was an inventor with dozens of patents dealing with gas dispersion and conversion. He was also a star athlete who won a silver medal in the long jump in the 1952 Olympics in Helsinki, Finland.

“Freedom is never given; it is won.” —______

You've got to get to the stage in life where going for it is more important than winning or losing." ―_______

The Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) and the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) were among the most prominent national civil rights advocacy organizations in the 1960s. Ms. ______ served first as manager of SCLC and then of SNCC. She was also the founder of the SNCC Chapter at Shaw University.

Macon Bolling Allen is believed to be both the first African American licensed to practice law and to hold a judicial position in the United States. Allen passed the bar exam in _____ in 1844 and became a _____Justice of the Peace in 1848.

Leah Ward Sears (born June 13, 1955) is an American jurist and former Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Georgia. Sears was the first African-American female Chief Justice in the United States. When she was first appointed as justice in 1992 by Governor ______, she became the first woman and youngest person to sit on Georgia's Supreme Court.