having a feeling of uncertainty and apprehension

identifying the general area, topic or problem

uncertainty often gives way to a brief sense of optimism

readiness to begin the search

recognize the need for information

thoughts centered on contemplating the problem and relating the problem to prior experience and personal knowledge

actions frequently involve discussing avenues of approach or topics to pursue

the outcome of the possible choices is predictable.

when inconsistent, incompatible information is encountered there is an increase of uncertainty, confusion, and doubt

people find themselves “in the dip” of confidence

usually the task is to investigate information base on general topics to extend the personal understanding

thoughts is being centered on being oriented and sufficiently informed about the topic

there is an inability to express the precisely what information is needed

actions involve locating information based on general topic

informations from different resources seems inconsistent and incompatible

it causes sense of personal inadequancy and frustration with the system

you may actually be inclined to abandon the search altogether at this stage

considered as the most difficult stage of ISP

focused perspective is formed, uncertainty diminishes and confidence begins to increase

the task is form a focus from the information encountered

involve identifying and selecting ideas in the formation from which to form a focused perspective of the topic

the topic becomes more personalized at this stage

there is an increase of confidence and a sense of clarity

uncertainty subsides as interest and involvement deepens

the task is to gather information related to the focused topic

it centers on defining, extending and supporting the focused topic

it involves selecting information relevant to the focused perspective of the topic

confidence continues to increase as uncertainty subsides

the search is completed with a new understanding enabling the person to explain his or her learning to others

a feeling of relief and a sense of satisfaction because the search has gone well or disappointment if it has not

thoughts concentrates on the culminating the search with a personalized synthesis of the topic or problem

it involves summary of search in which decreasing relevance and increasing redundancy is noted

requires both terms to be in each item returned

it narrows the search

either term (or both) will be in the returned document

it broadens the search

exclude words from your search, telling the database to ignore concepts that may be implied by your search terms