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WorksheetsSpring Benchmark Review
Total questions: 55
Worksheet time: 28mins
Which amino acids would be added to a polypeptide chain if the mRNA codons were CCC-GUC-AUA?
Glycine-glutamine-tyrosine
Proline-alanine-threonine
Leucine-cysteine-asparagine
Proline-valine-isoleucine
Which of the following is NOT. characterisitic or function of a protein?
Main component of muscle
forms enzymes
made up of amino acids
stores genetic information
Why is ATP important?
It is a major component of carbohydrates
It stores the genetic material needed for cells to make proteins
It stores energy needed for cells to undergo life processes
It speeds up reaction times so that metabolic processes are possible
What is the MOST common result of crossing over?
new genetic trait
new combinations of genes and genetic variations
new species
new number of chromosomes
Use the graph pictured to answer the following question:
Which of the following observations is supported by the graphed data?
The optimal temperature for E. coli bacterial growth is 20 degrees Celsius
The E. coli bacteria grew fastest at 35 degrees celsius
Additional E.coli growth stopped after 10 hours of growth time.
Temperature did not affect the rate at which E. coli bacteria grew.
Which of the following processes CANNOT be carried out by an animal cell?
Cellular respiration
photosynthesis
nuclear division
cellular reproduction
Which of the following BEST represents a major difference in cell division in plant cells and animal cells?
the formation of the spindle
the stage in which the sister chromatids separate
the formation of a cell plate in cytokinesis
the formation of chromosome groups at opposite ends of the cell
Which of the following BEST describes the process shown in the diagram?
oxygen gas moves across the cell membrane by process of osmosis
oxygen gas moves across a cell membrane by active transport
oxygen gas moves through a cell membrane by facilitated diffusion
oxygen gas diffuses through a cell membrane
Which of the following is found in BOTH prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
genetic material
vacuole
endoplasmic reticulum
nucleus
To determine if a trait is sex-linked, which of the following would be most useful?
gel electrophoresis
DNA fingerprinting
a pedigree
a karyotype
In order for your body to heal a broken bone, new cells must be produced. Which process is used in this repair by the body?
osmosis
mitosis
meiosis
oogenesis
Flower color is an inherited trait. On a molecular level, which cellular function is responsible for the expression of flower color?
respiration
photosynthesis
protein synthesis
nitrification
In guinea pigs, short fur is dominant (S) and long fur is recessive (s). Also brown fur is dominant (B) and white fur is recessive (b). A parent guinea pig is brown with long fur that is heterozygous for fur color. What is the genotype of this guinea pig?
BbSs
BBSs
bbss
Bbss
Brown fur is dominant (B) white fur is recessive (b).
Short fur is dominant (S) and long fur is recessive (s).
If a white guinea pig that is heterozygous for short fur is a parent, what are the possible combinations for the genotype for this parent guinea pig?
bs,bs,bs,bs
bS,bs,bS,bs
BS, bs,Bs,bS
bs,bs,bS,Bs
Saltwater fish have cells that are adapted to living in water with a high salt concentration.
Which of the following would MOST likely happen to the cells of a saltwater fish if the fish were placed in freshwater?
the cells would lose salt through their cell membranes by diffusion
the cells would swell and burst due to osmosis
the cells would shrivel up due to osmosis
the cells would adapt to the concentration difference with no visible change.
Which of the following best represents the levels of organization from smallest to largest?
cells-->tissue-->organ system--> organ
cells-->tissue-->organ-->organ system
organ-->organ system--> cells-->tissue
cells-->organ-->organ system-->tissue
Why is the nervous system considered to be a system?
It has several different types of specialized cells.
It has several different organs that work together.
It is needed for survival in humans
It includes the brain as an organ
A multicellular organism with a cell wall made of cellulose MOST likely belongs to which kingdom?
Eubacteria
Fungi
Plantae
Animalia
An organism with a cell wall made up of chitin MOST likely belongs with which kingdom?
Eubacteria
Fungi
Plantae
Animalia
Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes in their somatic (body) cells. How many chromosomes are in the sex cells of a human?
1
22
46
23
A section of DNA is changed during replication. The original section and teh copies section are both shown in the image provided.
What type of mutation occurred during replication?
substitution
insertion
translocation
deletion
Which of the following organelles would NOT be found in an animal cell?
cell membrane
nucleus
cell wall
ribosomes
Cystic fibrosis is a recessive genetic disorder. How can a child inherit cystic fibrosis if neither parent has the disease themselves?
either parent is a carrier of the disease but not necessarily both.
both parents must be carriers of the disease
the mother is a carrier of the disease
the father is the carrier of the disease
Which of the following is most likely to produce asexually?
an earthworm
a lizard
a puppy
a hydra
In humans, brown eyes are dominant (B) and blue eyes are recessive (b). If a homozygous dominant male is crossed with a heterozygous female, what are the most likely genotypes of the offspring?
100% homozygous dominant
100% heterozygous
50% homozygous dominant
50% heterozygous
50% homozygous dominant
50% homozygous recessive
If one side of a DNA strand is GGATAC, what would be the complimentary DNA strand for this?
CCTATG
CCUAUG
AAGCTG
GGTACT
mRNA is made during with cellular process?
protein sythesis
cellular respiration
translation
transcription
Two normal parents having 46 chromosomes each have a child with 47 chromosomes. As a result, the child is born with Down's Syndrome. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of this disorder?
A point mutation occurred in one of the chromosomes as the child developed in the womb.
a frameshift mutation occurred during meiosis
a gene duplication occurred in one of the chromosomes as the child developed in the womb.
nondisjunction occurred during the formation of the mother's egg cell.
A wilted plant is placed into a solution of water and salt. When the plant is taken out, it is not wilted anymore and is standing straight up. What type of solution was the plant placed in for this to happen?
turgid soltuion
hypotonic solution
hypetonic solution
isotonic solution
Which macromolecules contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen?
proteins
carbohydrates
all of them
lipids
Which macromolecule contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorous?
protiens
lipids
nucleic acids
carbohydrates
What macromolecule is pictured in the diagram?
unsaturated fat
carbohydrate
protein
saturated fat
What macromolecule is pictured in the diagram?
saturated fat
carbohydrate
protein
lipid
What organelle is pictured in the image?
chloroplast
mitochondria
golgi body
nucleus
Place the reactants and products in the correct order.
2+3 --> 1+4
2+1 --> 3+4
3+4 --> 1+2
2+4 --> 3+1
Which word best describes what is happening in the picture?
regeneration is a form a sexual reproduction
the offspring of regeneration are genetically unique
regeneration is a form of asexual reproduction
genetic variation is very high with regeneration
Which statement best describes what happens to many cellular proteins after protein synthesis?
lysosomes attach to proteins and expel them from the cell
the golgi apparatus processes and packages proteins for transport
mitochondria store proteins for use during cellular respiration processes
the nucleus breaks down proteins into smaller units and stores them as gene copies
What molecule is pictured in the image?
lipid
carbohydrate
ATP
enzyme
Which image shows a plasmid?
This is responsible for breaking down waste and dead organelles in the cell.
mitochondria
lysosome
vacuole
cell wall
Membrane-bound sacs used to transport materials from place place throughout the cell.
Centrosome
Vacuole
Vesicles
Lysosome
What are the 3 C's that the plant cell has that an animal cell does NOT have?
Central Vacuole
Centriole
Chloroplasts
Cell Wall
Which of the following is an example of maintaining homeostasis?
When running, the blood vessels dilate to allow heat to escape the body
Siblings have similar DNA but not identical DNA
Humans have trillions of cells
A seed grows into an oak tree
The function of a carbohydrate is to _____.
be used for fast energy
Store energy for long term
Make DNA
make up enzymes
amino acids are held together by what type of bond?
hydrogen bond
peptide bond
oxygen bond
ionic bond
Which of the following is a requirement for diffusion to take place?
A transport protein
A carrier molecule
a transport carbohydrate
A concentration gradient
Water will move out of a cell when it is placed in which type of solution?
Hypotonic
Hypertonic
ergonomic
Isotonic
Which of the following distinguishes active transport from passive transport?
The use of energy
The use of a protein channel
the movement of ions
The presence of a phospholipid membrane
Means "water hating".
fatty acid tail
hydrophilic
hydrophobic
Phosphate head
Phospholipid bilayer
Means "water loving".
fatty acid tail
hydrophilic
hydrophobic
Phosphate head
Phospholipid bilayer
Which macromolecule gives yields the most ATP when broken down?
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Nucleic acids
When the bond is broken for the last phosphate on ATP, what happens?
energy is released
energy is stored
the molecule becomes less stable
the molecule becomes adenosine triphosphate
How can you recognize an enzyme?
Enzyme names end in "ase"
Enzyme names end in "ose"
Enzyme names end in "en"
Enzyme names start with "pre"
What is the large blue organelle in the picture?
nucleus
chloroplast
central vacuole
lysosome
Which type of cell is usually single-celled?
Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic
