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WorksheetsDNA Structure and Replication
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 1hrs 10mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
How many pairs of AUTOSOMES does a human have (humans have 46 total chromosomes)
a)
22
b)
23
c)
46
d)
2
2.
How many pairs of AUTOSOMES does a human have (humans have 46 total chromosomes)
a)
22
b)
23
c)
46
d)
2
3.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
4.
Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA?
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
fatty acids
d)
polysaccharides
5.
In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of
a)
cytosine
b)
guanine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
6.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
7.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
8.
What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?
a)
the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases
b)
the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases
c)
the color of the nitrogen bases
d)
the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases
9.
Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose sugar and adenine
b)
deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond
c)
deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose sugar and phosphate
10.
Name this structure
a)
double helix
b)
nucelotide
c)
twisted ladder
d)
hydrogen bond
11.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
12.
Nucleotides are made up of a sugar, phosphate, and..?
a)
nitrogenous base
b)
nucleic acid
c)
cholesterol
d)
fatty acid
13.
What are the 4 nitrogen bases?
a)
adenine, thymine, cytoplasm, and guanine
b)
adenine, thymine cytosine, and guanine
c)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and gylcerol
d)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and glucose
14.
How many hydrogen bonds form between cytosine and thymine?
a)
0
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
15.
What does DNA stand for?
a)
Deoxyribonucleic acid
b)
Denitrogenous acid
c)
Deribonucleic acid
d)
Diribonucleic acid
16.
Which two scientists are accredited with correctly deducing the double helix model of DNA?
a)
Watson and Crick
b)
Wilkins and Franklin
c)
Wilkins and Crick
d)
Watson and Franklin
17.
When a DNA molecule takes its final shape, it is a:
a)
twisted double helix
b)
twisted single helix
c)
twisted triple helix
d)
I don't know
18.
Genes are best described as
a)
specific sections of DNA on chromosomes
b)
specific sections of protein on chromosomes
c)
specific sections of the nucleus
d)
I don't know
19.
What is a gene?
a)
A bundle (like a hot dog bun) that the DNA is packed into
b)
something inside the nucleus
c)
a piece of DNA
d)
all of your DNA
20.
What is the human genome?
a)
a piece of DNA
b)
a chromosome
c)
all of your cells
d)
all of your DNA
21.
Which sentence is FALSE?
a)
All organisms have 23 pairs of DNA.
b)
Chromosomes are made of genes.
c)
DNA is made out of 4 chemicals: adenine, cytosine, thymine, guanine
d)
DNA is the recipe for life.
22.
What makes up the "rungs" of DNA?
a)
sugar and phosphate
b)
sugar
c)
bases
d)
phosphates
23.
What is the gender of this patient? (XX)
a)
male
b)
female
24.
DNA provides the instruction to build:
a)
cells
b)
proteins
c)
muscles
d)
carbohydrates
25.
The enzyme that unzips the DNA to prepare for replication
a)
helicase
b)
replicase
c)
polymerase
d)
synthase
26.
DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,
a)
each one with two original strands
b)
each one with two new strands
c)
each one with one new strand and one original strand
d)
one with two new strands and the other with two original strands
27.
A scientist observes a base sequence of AGCTAGCTAGCT. Which of the following would be the complimentary strand?
a)
TGCATGCATGCA
b)
TCGATCGATCGA
c)
TAGCTAGCTAGC
d)
TTAAGGCCTTCC
28.
A process in which DNA has the unique ability to make an exact copy of itself.
a)
Replication
b)
Translation
c)
Transcription
29.
After analyzing a sample of DNA, a scientist recorded the data shown in the table. What percentage of the DNA sample is cytosine?
a)
22%
b)
25%
c)
28%
d)
56%
30.
Before the cell divides, what process needs to happen?
a)
Transcription
b)
Translation
c)
Replication
d)
Protein synthesis
31.
This enzyme joins Okazaki fragments together.
a)
Polymerase
b)
Ligase
c)
Telomerase
d)
Helicase
32.
The ___________________ strand builds continuously.
a)
Lagging
b)
Ligase
c)
Leading
d)
Telomeres
33.
The method of DNA replication is known as:
a)
Semi-conservative
b)
Conservative
c)
Dispersive
d)
Complementary
34.
order of replication
a)
3, 2, 1, 4
b)
2, 1, 4, 3
c)
2, 3, 1, 4
d)
3, 4, 1, 2
35.
The enzyme that attaches free nucleotides to the newly unzipped old strands is called
a)
DNA Polymerase
b)
Lactase
c)
DNA Acitase
d)
Polyatomic Ligase
36.
In 1952 Rosalind Franklin took the x-ray photograph shown below, which gave the world its first look at DNA. By studying this photograph, scientists gained knowledge about the —
a)
role of DNA in protein synthesis
b)
mutation of nucleotide sequences in DNA
c)
sequence of DNA that makes up the human genome
d)
double-helix structure of DNA
37.
DNA replication occurs in the
a)
Cytoplasm
b)
Nucleus
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Lysosome
38.
What determines the traits of an organism?
a)
The length of DNA molecules
b)
The way nucleotides are paired in the two strands of DNA
c)
The order of nucleotides in DNA molecules
d)
The proportions of A, T, C, and G in DNA molecules
39.
Who was responsible for determining the structure of DNA?
a)
James Watson
b)
Francis Crick
c)
Rosalind Franklin
d)
All of the above
40.
The principle Chargaff created that said adenine pairs with thymine and guanine pairs with cytosine is called
a)
base pairing rule
b)
super coiling rule
c)
replication rule
d)
substitution rule
41.
An organism that has 2 of each kind of chromosome is considered
a)
haploid
b)
diploid
c)
triploid
d)
tetraploid
42.
Structure (b) is a ____.
a)
chromosome
b)
chromatid
c)
centromere
43.
Structure (a) is a ____.
a)
chromosome
b)
chromatid
c)
centromere
44.
Structure (c) is a ____.
a)
chromosome
b)
chromatid
c)
centromere
45.
the two halves of the doubled chromosome structure
a)
centromeres
b)
sister chromatids
c)
spindle
d)
tissues
46.
What are chromosomes?
a)
different versions of genes
b)
condensed DNA
c)
uncoiled DNA
47.
In condensing DNA, the double helix is first wrapped around _______proteins
a)
histone
b)
nucleosome
c)
chromatin
d)
chromosome
48.
When DNA is wrapped around a histone protein, it is considered a _____________
a)
nucleosome
b)
nucleus
c)
nucleoid region
49.
During DNA replication, what enzyme untwists the double helix?
a)
Topoisomerase
b)
Helicase
c)
Primase
d)
Ligase
50.
During DNA replication, what enzyme primes the DNA by adding a short segment of complementary nucleotides
a)
topoisomerase
b)
primase
c)
helicase
d)
ligase
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