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Review Unit 1 Y8

Total questions: 95

Worksheet time: 2hrs 54mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

(a)   is the movement of soil and rock by wind, water, ice, and gravity.

Choose from the below words
Weathering
Erosion
Deposition
2.

(a)   occurs when eroded materials stop moving and begin to build up.

Choose from the below words
Weathering
Erosion
Deposition
3.

(a)   moves material from one place to another.

4.

(a)   changes the identity of rocks and it involves a chemical reaction or change.

Choose from the below words
Physical weathering
Chemical weathering
Deposition
5.

This is an example of (a)   .

Choose from the below words
physical weathering
chemical weathering
6.

Which process describes water getting into cracks, freezing, and breaking the rocks or pavement apart? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Weathering
Erosion
Deposition
7.

Which process describes a mudslide flowing down a steep hill? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Weathering
Erosion
Deposition
8.

Which process describes waves dropping sand on the beach? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Weathering
Erosion
Deposition
9.

Which process describes wind blasting sand at rock and carving out arches? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Weathering
Erosion
Deposition
10.

How deposition will happen in coastal erosion?

a)

When waves lose energy and leave sediments / sand along a coast.

b)

The wearing away of land, removal of beach rocks/sand by water or wind.

c)

An area of land that smells different to other places.

d)

An area that has a lot of wind.

11.

Which of these coastal landforms are created by deposition? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Cave
Stack
Spit
Wave cut platform
12.

Which of these coastal landforms is created by erosion?

a)

Sea Cave

b)

Tombolo

c)

Beach

d)

Spit

13.

What type of Landform do you think London Bridge in Port Campbell had before becoming into a stack? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Spit
Tombolo
Arch
Headland
14.

What is the first stage of a stack forming from a headland?

a)

Cracks erode to form a cave.

b)

Erosion and weathering create small cracks in the headland/cliff face.

c)

The cave becomes wider and deeper.

d)

The waves cut through the cave and form an arch.

15.
What is the most advanced stage of erosion of a headland?
a)
Cracks erode further to create a cave.
b)
The roof of an arch becomes too heavy and collapses.
c)
The cave becomes wider and deeper.
d)
The waves cut through the cave and form an arch.
16.

What is the main factor in which rocks are pushed by waves up against the headland, eroding the cliff face further? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Ice
Wind
River
None
17.

Which feature cannot be seen in this image? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Stump
Arch
Cliff
Cave
18.

(a)   can either form a beach by depositing sand or destroy a beach by eroding the sand.

19.

Sea caves are coastal landform made by (a)  

Choose from the below words
Erosion
Deposition
20.

Which erodes quicker? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Hard rock
Soft rock
21.

Waves are generated by (a)  

Choose from the below words
wind blowing over water
sun blowing on the sea
tidal movements
rotation of the Earth
22.

Identify this coastal landform. (a)  

Choose from the below words
Spit
Tombolo
Headland
Sandbar
23.

Identify the landform type. (a)  

Choose from the below words
Sea Stack
Sea Stump
Arch
Bay
24.

True or false? Sea Stacks are created by erosion and weathering. (a)  

Choose from the below words
True
False
25.

Looking at the long profile of the river's course, where does most erosion occur? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Upper course
Middle course
Lower course
The mouth
26.

In the river process, (a)   is when material is worn away from the river bed and banks.

Choose from the below words
transport
deposition
erosion
27.

In the river process, (a)   is when material is dropped into the river channel.

Choose from the below words
Deposition
Erosion
Transport
28.

In the river process, (a)   is when material is carried away along with the river flow, to another place.

Choose from the below words
erosion
deposition
transport
29.

In the river process of erosion, when rocks and stones in the water act like sandpaper and scrape the river bed and bank, wearing them away, this is called (a)   .

30.

A meander is best described as ...

(a)  

31.

When the bends of a Meander get close enough they can join, creating a new river path. What is left is called (a)  

Choose from the below words
An oxback lake
An oxen lake
An oxcart lake
An oxbow lake
32.
What river features and landforms are associated with  a cross section or profile of a river valley in its upper course.
a)
A. river source, V-shape, interlocking spurs, narrow and shallow river channel
b)
B. delta, flood plain, river mouth, levees, wide and deep river channel
c)
C. sheep farming, wind turbines, HEP (hydro-electric power) stations and dams and reservoirs
33.

What is the name of the point where a river starts? (a)  

Choose from the below words
 Source
 Point A
 Heart
Opening 
34.

An oxbow lake is an old (a)  

Choose from the below words
meander bend
floodplain
terrace
channel bed
35.

What landform is created on the inside bend (...) of a meander and why?

(a)  

36.

What landform can be found on the outside bend of a meander(*) and why?

a)

A river cliff as the water flows slowly and deposits the load it is carrying.

b)

A river cliff as the water flows quickly on the outside bend eroding the bank through attrition.

c)

A river cliff

d)

A river cliff as the water flows quickly on the outside bend eroding the bank through hydraulic Action.

37.

Where will there be the most erosion? (a)  

Choose from the below words
A
B
C
D
38.

Where is the water in the river moving the slowest? (a)  

Choose from the below words
A
B
D
39.

Which of the following is NOT very typical of a youthful stage of a river? (a)  

Choose from the below words
waterfalls
rapids
steep slope
meanders
40.

Erosion is most likely greatest at locations (a)  

Choose from the below words
A and B
B and C
C and D
D and A
41.

Which two locations have the greatest stream velocities? (a)  

Choose from the below words
A and B
B and C
C and D
D and A
42.

At which two locations would the stream most likely be the deepest? (a)  

Choose from the below words
A and B
B and C
C and D
D and A
43.

The streambank on the outside of this meander is steeper than the streambank on the inside of this meander because the water on the outside of this meander is moving (a)  

Choose from the below words
faster, causing erosion
slower, causing erosion
faster, causing deposition
slower, causing deposition
44.

The river undercuts the hard rock, creating an overhang. (a)  

Choose from the below words
True
False
45.

"Water cuts into the rock and wears it away," This is called...

a)

sediment

b)

deposition

c)

erosion

46.
Which sentence is completely accurate?
a)
Waterfalls occur where there is a layer of soft rock and hard rock and both are eroded quickly
b)
Waterfalls occur where there is a layer of soft rock and the hard rock is eroded away (e.g. Shale)
c)
Waterfalls occur where there is alternating layers of hard and soft rock and the soft rock is eroded quicker (e.g. Shale)
d)
Waterfalls occur where rock is eroded quickly and the waterfall advances
47.

What landform can you see in this picture? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Waterfall
V Shaped Valley
Meander
Ox-bow lake
48.

What is the deep water called beneath a waterfall? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Plunge bath
Mermaids retreat
Plunge pool
Pool
49.

Waterfalls - what is the gap called between the hard and soft rock created by erosion?

a)

Deadman's drop

b)

Hole

c)

Erosional gap

d)

Overhang

50.

In which section of the river do waterfalls form? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Upper course
Middle course
Lower course
Every course
51.

For a waterfall to form there needs to be two layers of rock. Which way round must they be? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Soft rock on top of hard rock
Hard rock on top of soft rock
52.

Waterfalls are landforms created by....

a)

Erosion

b)

Deposition

53.

Over time the top rock sticks out over the bottom rock. It is unsupported and so eventually (a)   into the plunge pool

54.

What is the name for the pool that forms at the bottom of a waterfall? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Plunge
Lunge
Grunge
Scunge
55.

What two inputs do you need for waterfalls to form?

a)

Steep gradient

b)

Bands of hard and soft rock

c)

Fast flowing water

d)

River sediment

56.

The waterfall retreats (moves back) upstream towards the rivers source over thousands of years leaving behind a steep sided (a)  

57.

What is the FIRST step in a water fall formation?

a)

Hard rock

b)

Soft rock

c)

If a river flows over a hard rock and then a soft rock the soft rock will be eroded more.

58.

Which statement is NOT TRUE about waterfalls? (a)  

Choose from the below words
The step forms a waterfall
Waterfalls are found in lakes
59.

The water in waterfalls can erode the land around it. But many other forces can also erode the earth. What is one way the gravity can erode earth?

a)

By creating electricity that Canadians and Americans can use to power their homes

b)

By breaking down soft rock to create plunge pools at the bottom of a waterfall

c)

By picking up bits of sand and moving them around in a sandstorm

d)

By pulling pieces of earth down the side of a mountain in a landslide

60.

Which section of a river's course is a waterfall most likely to occur in? (a)  

Choose from the below words
upper
middle
lower
throughout
61.

A waterfall is formed when there is a section of (a)   followed by a section of soft rock along the riverbed.

62.
What is the main disadvantage of using groynes?
a)
They can starve other beaches of sediment
b)
Aesthetically displeasing
c)
Expensive
63.

Groynes are an effective technique because they stop the process of what occurring? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Transportation
Erosion in the beach
Nearshore drift
Deposition
64.

A recurved sea wall is effective because it...

(a)  

65.

Sea walls can cost up to what per m? (a)  

Choose from the below words
£50,000
£50 million
£7 million
£5 lion
66.
What is the main disadvantage of a sea wall?
a)
Aesthetically displeasing
b)
Encourages tourism, and thus litter
c)
Creates strong backwash, causing erosion beneath the wall.
d)
Expensive
67.

How much do groynes cost per m? (a)  

Choose from the below words
£750
£1200
£120
68.

What is another method that reduces coastal erosion? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Beach rebuilding
Beach formation
Sea protection
Sea defences
69.

What is a rip rap? (a)  

Choose from the below words
A mixture of large boulders
Material along the coast
Replacement of sand
70.

What is the cost per m of rip rap? (a)  

Choose from the below words
£2.5 million
£3 million
£50 million
£1 miillon
71.
What is the main advantage of rip rap?
a)
Stops erosion
b)
Aesthetically pleasing
c)
Minimal effect on wildlife, often creating new habitats
d)
Environmental damage due to transportation
72.

What is beach rebuilding?

a)

A type of sea wall

b)

Barriers at right angles to the beach

c)

Boulders

d)

The replacement of sand in the beach

73.

How much does the beach rebuilding cost per km? (a)  

Choose from the below words
£20 million
£3 million
£2 million
£500
74.

What is the main advantage of beach rebuilding? (a)  

Choose from the below words
It is a soft engineering technique
It is very esthetical for tourism
Creates a natural-looking beach
Short lifespan
75.

Which is the main reason to prevent coastal erosion?

a)

The look of the beach and economic activities

b)

The protection that will give to the citizens

c)

The amount of money that you ca save in the methods

76.

What is the main advantage of beach rebuilding? (a)  

Choose from the below words
It is a soft engineering technique
It is very esthetical for tourism
Creates a natural-looking beach
Short lifespan
77.
What is the most advanced stage of erosion of a headland?
a)
Cracks erode further to create a cave.
b)
The roof of an arch becomes too heavy and collapses.
c)
The cave becomes wider and deeper.
d)
The waves cut through the cave and form an arch.
78.

How do groynes work to protect the coastline?

a)

They trap sediment by slowing down longshore drift, thereby building up a wide beach

b)

They absorb wave energy so that the cliffs behind are protected

c)

They act as a hard rock barrier at foot of cliff to provide a buffer again the sea

d)

They allow rapid longshore drift along the coastline

79.

A recurved sea wall is effective because it...

(a)  

80.

Old Harry itself is labeled on the picture. What is Old Harry an example of? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Cave
Arch
Stack
Stump
81.

What is the cost per km of rip rap? (a)  

Choose from the below words
£2500
£3 million
£500 million
£1.5million
82.

(a)   is rock debris embedded in base of ice create polishing, grooves and striations.

83.

(a)   are are lines deposited at bottom or along sides of glaciers.

Choose from the below words
Eskers
Till
Erratics
Moraines
84.

A gigantic mass of moving ice (a)  

Choose from the below words
glacial drift
stratified drift
till
glacier
85.

All material carried and deposited by glaciers (a)  

Choose from the below words
rock lip
stratified drift
till
glacier
86.

Glaciers can be found in hot regions. (a)  

Choose from the below words
True
False
87.

Glaciers move extremely fast (a)  

Choose from the below words
True
False
88.

What glacial features are indicated by the labels C and D on the figure? (a)  

Choose from the below words
moraines
outwash plains
kettle lakes
ice sheets
89.

What type of weathering occurs in a glacier? (a)  

Choose from the below words
Freeze-thaw
Biological
Chemical
None
90.

The cut edge ridge in the side of a mountain eroded by a glacier is called (a)  

Choose from the below words
Arete
Side wall
Back wall
None
91.

Mountains are naturally shaped in with the pyramidal form (a)  

Choose from the below words
True
False
92.

A glacier is a large mass of (a)   that is slowly moving and is formed through cold temperatures and repeated snowfalls.

93.

Why do glaciers move?

a)

Gravity

b)

Weight

c)

Gravity AND weight

d)

What are you talking about? Glaciers don't move!

94.

Label each picture with a 1, 2, or 3 to show the order that these images occur.

95.

(a)   are are lines deposited at bottom or along sides of glaciers.

Choose from the below words
Eskers
Till
Erratics
Moraines