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WorksheetsE157 (PRELIM) THERMODYNAMICS
Total questions: 60
Worksheet time: 3600secs
Name
Class
Date
1.
The study of heat energy that is involved in chemical and physical changes is
a)
efficiency
b)
thermodynamics
c)
equilibrium
d)
calorimetry
2.
Chemical reactions that absorb heat energy are called __________ and have a __________ enthalpy.
a)
exothermic, positive
b)
exothermic, negative
c)
endothermic, positive
d)
not identified
3.
Whether a chemical reaction or physical change takes place depends on both the enthalpy and the __________ of the process.
a)
entropy
b)
equilibrium
c)
energy
d)
all of these
4.
Both the enthalpy and the entropy are combined to calculate the
a)
reaction time
b)
free energy
c)
bound energy
d)
none of these
5.
The free energy term provides information regarding the __________ of a chemical reaction.
a)
spontaneity
b)
luminosity
c)
reactivity
d)
all of these
6.
Thermodynamics give chemists an idea of which direction the minimum __________ of a given reaction lies.
a)
reaction time
b)
reaction volume
c)
potential energy
d)
none of these
7.
A(n) _____________ is a device for measuring temperature.
a)
thermometer
b)
psychrometer
c)
anemometer
d)
barometer
8.
Temperature is a measure of the...
a)
total energy in a substance
b)
total kinetic energy in a substance
c)
average potential energy in a substance
d)
average kinetic energy of molecules in a substance
9.
A slower particle has a lower energy than an identical, faster particle.
a)
true
b)
false
c)
neither
d)
can not be determined
10.
The transfer of thermal energy between objects of different temperatures is called...
a)
temperature
b)
internal energy
c)
heat
d)
none of these
11.
When thermal energy is added to a substance, the substance's particles move:
a)
More rapidly at an increased distance from each other.
b)
More slowly with a greater distance between each other.
c)
More rapidly with less distance between each other.
d)
More slowly with a reduced distance between each other.
12.
Heat transfer by conduction occurs when...
a)
particles bump into each other
b)
atoms give off heat in the form of electromagnetic waves
c)
large numbers of atoms move from place to place
d)
electromagnetic waves travel from place to place through a vacuum
13.
Heat transfer by convection occurs when...
a)
electrons bump into other electrons
b)
atoms give off heat in the form of electromagnetic waves
c)
large numbers of atoms move from place to place
d)
electromagnetic waves travel from place to place through a vacuum
14.
Heat travels from the sun to the earth by the process of...
a)
conduction
b)
radiation
c)
convection
d)
insulation
15.
A substance with a high specific heat:
a)
Is always extremely hot.
b)
Is not heavy.
c)
Requires a lot of energy to become hot.
d)
Does not requires a lot of energy to become hot.
16.
Thermal energy always moves:
a)
From a high temperature object to a lower temperature object.
b)
From an object with lower kinetic energy to an object with higher kinetic energy.
c)
From a lower temperature object to a higher temperature object.
d)
From an object of higher mass to an object of lower mass.
17.
The temperature of a glass of cold water will eventually...
a)
Match the temperature of the surrounding environment.
b)
Become warmer than the surrounding environment.
c)
Always be colder than the surrounding environment.
d)
Never change temperature.
18.
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature 1ºC for every kilogram is called____?
a)
Thermal Energy
b)
Temperature
c)
Specific Heat
d)
Kinetic Energy
19.
What is the symbol for Thermal Energy?
a)
Q
b)
m
c)
c
d)
t
20.
What unit do you use to measure Thermal Energy?
a)
J/Kg ºC
b)
ºC
c)
Kg
d)
J
21.
What is the equation to measure change in Thermal Energy?
a)
Q=mc∆t
b)
Q= ∆mct
c)
Q=mc
d)
m=QC
22.
Water has a specific heat of 4184 J/KgºC. Wood has a specific heat of 1760 J/KgºC. What material needs more energy to raise the temperature 1ºC
a)
Wood
b)
Water
c)
Both are the same
d)
can not be determined
23.
Copper, Stainless Steel, Carbon Steel, and Zinc were all heated using the same thermal energy. What material would be the coolest after being heated?
a)
Copper
b)
Zinc
c)
Carbon Steel
d)
Stainless Steel
24.
A material was cooled from 100ºC to 40ºC. What is the temperature change?
a)
60ºC
b)
-60ºC
c)
40ºC
d)
-40ºC
25.
Think about a pan of water sitting on an electric stove. The stove is then turned on to high. How is heat transferred from the stove to the pan?
a)
conduction
b)
radiation
c)
convection
d)
temperature
26.
Sam placed a glass of water in the refrigerator. After about an hour he took it out and found it to be colder. What is the most likely thing that happened?
a)
the cold that was in the refrigerator transferred into the water
b)
the cold from the refrigerator radiated into the glass
c)
the particles in the water started to move faster
d)
the heat that was in the water transferred out into the refrigerator
27.
Think about a pan of water sitting on an electric stove. The stove is then turned on to high. What will happen to the movement of the particles in the pan?
a)
They will slow down
b)
They will stop moving
c)
They will stay the same speed
d)
They will speed up
28.
Freddie is drinking a cold glass of Kool-Aid in the sun on a hot day. He puts the glass down in the sun and the glass begins to warm. What is happening to the small particles that make up Kool Aid? They. . .
a)
contract
b)
move faster
c)
slow down
d)
disappear
29.
Which material would make the best insulator?
a)
rubber
b)
copper
c)
steel
d)
aluminum
30.
Suppose that you are at the beach. Energy from the Sun reaches you mainly through
a)
conduction
b)
radiation
c)
convection
d)
temperature
31.
A pan of water is sitting outside during a hot sunny day. The temperature of the water goes up because heat was transferred to the water by _________________.
a)
radiation
b)
conduction
c)
convection
d)
reflection
32.
Water currents can transfer heat by
a)
conduction
b)
radiation
c)
convection
d)
temperature
33.
George touches a metal spoon is in a hot bowl of soup. It burns his hand.This is an example of heat transfer by:
a)
convection
b)
conduction
c)
radiation
d)
temperature transfer
34.
If you put a glass of water in the freezer, why did the water freeze?
a)
The cold radiation from the freezer made the water colder.
b)
The heat moved from the glass of water to the freezer.
c)
The cold from the freezer flowed into the glass of water.
d)
The cold particles touched the glass and transferred cold to the water.
35.
A boy sits to the side of a campfire. He is 4 feet away, but still feels warm. What type of heat transfer is the boy experiencing?
a)
conduction
b)
radiation
c)
convection
d)
reflection
36.
We used aluminum foil to ___________ radiation into our solar ovens.
a)
absorb
b)
greenhouse
c)
reflect
d)
heat
37.
What is the transfer of heat by movement of liquids or gases?
a)
Radiation
b)
Conduction
c)
Convection
d)
Heat
38.
What are waves that can transfer heat through the vacuum of empty space?
a)
Electromagnetic waves
b)
Conduction
c)
Convection
d)
Heat
39.
You probably use the term heat many times a day. As an example, when you cook dinner, you heat your dinner on a hot stove. When you place a piece of cool metal in the sun, it is heated by the sun’s energy. Why is heat the correct term to use in these examples?
a)
They show that when objects are touching, they are the same temperature.
b)
They indicate that heat is created to raise the termperature of something.
c)
They show that heat flows from something warmer to something cooler.
d)
They indicate that the kinetic energy of the particles decreases when something is heated.
40.
a)
Convection Current
b)
Radiation
c)
Conduction
d)
Night
41.
A student likes to attend football games, no matter how cold and snowy the weather becomes. She is going to a game on a very cold day and takes along a hand warmer. She activates it and tucks it into the glove she is wearing. She holds her hands together, and before long, her hands are warm. Which best describes how her hands were warmed?
a)
Heat was transferred by conduction, resulting in an increase in kinetic energy.
b)
Thermal energy was transferred by currents, resulting in an increase in kinetic energy.
c)
Heat was transformed by convection, resulting in the conservation of energy.
d)
Heat was transformed by radiation, resulting in an increase in kinetic energy.
42.
A student gets ready to go to school one day, and he finds out that his car's battery is dead. The headlights will not come on, and the car won’t start. What transformations usually happen when the battery is active and the headlights come on?
a)
chemical → electrical → light
b)
light → electrical → chemical
c)
electrical → kinetic → light
d)
thermal → electrical → light
43.
A new home had a wooden floor put down in cool weather. As the weather became warmer, the floor started to buckle, rising up in the middle of the floor. The floor was fixed by trimming the edges of the floor so that there was a space between the flooring and the wall. Choose the response that best explains why this helped to make the floor flat again.
a)
The particles in the floor decrease in thermal energy in warm weather, decreasing the kinetic energy of its particles and making it expand. Trimming it gave it room to expand.
b)
The particles in the floor decrease in thermal energy in warm weather, decreasing the kinetic energy of its particles and making it contract. Trimming it gave it room to contract.
c)
The particles in the floor increase in thermal energy in warm weather, increasing the kinetic energy of its particles and making it expand. Trimming it gave it room to expand.
d)
The particles in the floor increase in thermal energy in warm weather, increasing the kinetic energy of its particles and making it contract. Trimming it gave it room to contract.
44.
A family replaced the windows in their home with double-hung windows. This helps because a layer of gas between the two panes of glass acts as a good _______________
a)
insulator
b)
transformer
c)
conductor
d)
transfer
45.
When heating a solution, a scientist detects a temperature increase in the solution during a period of time. Which of the following statements accurately characterizes the solution during this period?
a)
The solution is at boiling point.
b)
The solution is undergoing a phase change.
c)
The velocity of molecules in the solution is increasing.
d)
The solution’s temperature increase is proportional to its ΔH_{vaporization}
46.
Equal amounts of heat are absorbed by 100 g samples of various solid metals with differing specific heat values. Which of the following statements is true regarding metals and their specific heat values?
a)
The metal with the smallest specific heat will undergo the smallest change in temperature.
b)
The metal with the smallest specific heat will resist melting to a greater degree at its melting point.
c)
The metal with the greatest specific heat will undergo the smallest change in temperature.
d)
The metal with the greatest specific heat will resist melting to a greater degree at its melting point.
47.
A hot object is placed next to a cold object so that they are touching. Which of the following statements is true? I. Heat will transfer from the hot object to the cold object because the hot object has a higher temperature. II. The two objects are in thermal equilibrium III. Internal energy will transfer from the hot object to the cold object because the hot object has greater internal energy.
a)
I
b)
II
c)
III
d)
I & III
48.
Atmospheric gases absorb more energy than they emit. If we consider a gas to be a closed system, which of the following is true?
a)
The heat absorbed by the gas is positive.
b)
The internal energy of the gas increases
c)
The change in volume of the gas is negative
d)
The work done on the gas is equal to the change in internal energy and the heat absorbed by the gas
49.
What kind of heat transfer happens when the sun is heating your body?
a)
Conduction
b)
Convection
c)
Radiation
d)
Density
50.
The baby chickens are kept warm from the heat lamps demonstrates this type of heat transfer.
a)
conduction
b)
radiation
c)
convection
d)
none of these
51.
Do molecules generally move faster at 45 C or 106 C?
a)
45 C because molecules have more energy than in 106C
b)
106 C because molecules have more energy than in 45C
c)
106 C because molecules have less energy than in 45C
d)
45C because molecules have less energy than in 106 C
52.
When you place the metal in boiling water, heat flows from the _________ to the _______.
a)
metal to the boiling water
b)
bottom of the metal to the top half of the metal
c)
bottom of the water to the top of the water
d)
boiling water to the metal
53.
DON'T RUSH, YOU HAVE TIME.
Water droplets condensing on the inside of a window on a cold day. Is this process exothermic or endothermic?
a)
Gases condense to form liquids. Gases are moving faster than liquids, the air around the window has a higher temperature/kinetic energy. Releasing energy to get water droplets, which is is Exothermic
b)
Gases condense to form liquids. Gases are moving faster than liquids, the air around the window has a higher temperature/kinetic energy. Releasing energy to get water droplets, which is is Endothermic
c)
Gases condense to form liquids. Gases particles are moving slower than liquids. Releasing energy to get water droplets, which is is Endothermic
d)
Gases condense to form liquids. Gases particles are moving slower than liquids. Releasing energy to get water droplets, which is is Exothermic
54.
DON'T RUSH, YOU HAVE TIME.
Frying an egg on a skillet. Referring to the egg, would the Enthalpy change be positive or negative?
a)
Skillet is absorbing heat energy from the egg. Absorbing energy is Endothermic. Endothermic has a positive Enthalpy
b)
Egg absorbing heat energy from the skillet. Absorbing energy is Endothermic. Endothermic has a positive Enthalpy
c)
Egg absorbing heat energy from the skillet. Releasing energy is Exothermic. Exothermic has a positive Enthalpy
d)
Egg absorbing heat energy from the skillet. Releasing energy is Exothermic. Exothermic has a negative Enthalpy
55.
Specific Heat is..
a)
the temperature initial minus temperature final
b)
the amount of heat/energy required to raise 1 gram of a substance by 1°C (or K) aka "C"
c)
the temperature final minus temperature initial
d)
the item in a system with given weight in grams
56.
The first law of thermodynamics states that the change in the internal energy of a system is equal to the difference in energy transferred to or from the system as heat and
a)
mass
b)
work done
c)
force
d)
pressure
57.
Which best describes ENTROPY?
a)
Useful heat energy needed to drive an engine
b)
Heat that can be stored to be used at a later date
c)
Random energy that escapes from the system
d)
A state of order in a physical system
58.
The transfer of thermal energy between objects of different temperatures is called...
a)
temperature
b)
heat
c)
internal energy
d)
none of these
59.
When thermal energy is added to a substance, the substance's particles move:
a)
More rapidly at an increased diestance from each other.
b)
More rapidly with less distance between each other.
c)
More slowly with a greater distance between each other.
d)
More slowly with a reduced distance between each other.
60.
Heat transfer by conduction occurs when...
a)
particles bump into each other
b)
large numbers of atoms move from place to place
c)
atoms give off heat in the form of electromagnetic waves
d)
electromagnetic waves travel from place to place through a vacuum
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