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Total questions: 184
Worksheet time: 2hrs 57mins
angina
chest pain caused by an inadequate supply of oxygen to the heart muscle
an agent used to prevent the formation of blood clots
a condition characterized by thickening and hardening of the walls of medium sized and large arteries
the entry chamber on both sides of the heart
anticoagulant
chest pain caused by an inadequate supply of oxygen to the heart muscle
the entry chamber on both sides of the heart
an agent used to prevent the formation of blood clots
a condition characterized by thickening and hardening of the walls of medium sized and large arteries
antihyperlipidemics
a diverse group of pharmaceuticals used in the treatment of hyperlipidemia or excess lipids in the blood
an agent used to prevent the formation of blood clots
chest pain caused by an inadequate supply of oxygen to the heart muscle
a condition characterized by thickening and hardening of the walls of medium sized and large arteries
arteriosclerosis
the process of progressive thickening and hardening of the wallsof medium sized and large arteries as a result of fat deposits on their inner lining
a condition characterized by thickening, loss of elasticity(hardening), and calcification of the arterial walls
chest pain caused by an inadequate supply of oxygen to the heart muscle
a diverse group of pharmaceuticals used in the treatment of hyperlipidemia or excess lipids in the blood
atherosclerosis
the process of progressive thickening and hardening of the wallsof medium sized and large arteries as a result of fat deposits on their inner lining
chest pain caused by an inadequate supply of oxygen to the heart muscle
type of arteriosclerosis
a type of blockage; high heart rate
dysrhythmias
abnormal or irregular heart rhythms
the most common form of hypertension
low blood pressure
high blood pressure
essential hypertension
the most common form of hypertension
occurs in the absence of any evident cause
high hypertension
low hypertension
fibrates
an antihyperlipidemic drug class that primarly lowers triglycerides
a heart that cannot keep up with demand
failure of the heart to pump blood with normal efficiency
a blood plasma lipoprotein composed of high proportion
heart failure (HF)
an antihyperlipidemic drug class that primarly lowers triglycerides
failure of the heart to pump blood with normal efficiency
a heart that cannot keep up with demand
a blood plasma lipoprotein composed of high proportion
high-density lipoprotein (HDL)
a blood plasma lipoprotein composed of high proportion of protein with little triglyceride and cholesterol
associated with a decreased probability of developing atherosclerosis
good cholesterol
an antihyperlipidemic drug class that primarly lowers triglycerides
hyperlipidemia
hypercholesterolemia
a condition marked by an increase in bloodstream cholesterol that can lead to atherosclerosis or artery hardening
high blood pressure
low blood pressure
hypertension
hypercholesterolemia
high blood pressure
a condition marked by an increase in bloodstream cholesterol that can lead to atherosclerosis or artery hardening
low blood pressure
hypotension
low blood pressure
high blood pressure
hypercholesterolemia
a condition marked by an increase in bloodstream cholesterol that can lead to atherosclerosis or artery hardening
low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
a lipid (fat) and protein combined molecule
associated with an increased probability of developing atherosclerosis
good cholesterol
bad cholesterol
myocardial infraction (MI)
myocardial tissue death resulting from sudden deprivation of oxygenated blood flow
often a result of a blood clot plugging a coronary artery
heart attack
heart failure
nicotonic acid
a member of the vitamin B complex
niacin
a class of drugs used to treat heart conditions such as angina
a member of the vitamin D complex
nitrates
a temporary often rapid lowering of blood pressure
related to standing up suddenly
a class of drugs used to treat heart conditions
can treat angina
orthostatic hypotension
related to standing up suddenly
a temporary often rapid lowering of blood pressure
low blood pressure
high blood pressure
secondary hypertension
hypertension that results from an underlying identifiable cause
the sudden death of brain cells because oxygen deprivation
a rapid heart rate usually defined as greater than 100 beats per minute
a medication used to break up a thrombus or blood clot
statin
informal term for 3-hydroxy-3-methylgutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reducatase inhibitors referring to the last six letters in the name of each mediaction name in the class
atorvastatin
simvastatin
used for the treatment of hyperlipidemia, primary to lower LDL cholesterol
stroke
heart failure
myocardial infraction
sudden death of brain cells because oxygen deprivation from a blockage (ischemic stroke) or rupture (hemirrhagic stroke) of an artery to the brain impairs blood flow
informal term for 3-hydroxy-3-methylgutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reducatase inhibitors referring to the last six letters in the name of each mediaction name in the class
tachycardia
a rapid heart rate usually defined as greater than 100 beats per minute
a slow heart rate usually defined as 80 beats per minute
low blood pressure
high blood pressure
thrombolytic
the sudden death of brain cells because oxygen deprivation
hypertension that results from an underlying identifiable cause
formation or presence of a blood clot in a blood vessel
a medication used to break up a thrombus or blood clot
thrombosis
formation or presence of a blood clot in a blood vessel
the sudden death of brain cells because oxygen deprivation
hypertension that results from an underlying identifiable cause
a medication used to break up a thrombus or blood clot
transient ischemic attack (TIA)
a neurological event in which the signs and symptoms of a stroke appear but resolve within a short time
myocardial infraction
mini stroke
episode of stroke-like symptoms
triglyceride (TG)
the dominant form of body-stored fat consisting of three fatty acid molecules and a molecule of the alcohol glycerol
formation or presence of a blood clot in a blood vessel
hypertension that results from an underlying identifiable cause
a medication used to break up a thrombus or blood clot
a healthy heart beats how many times per minute
60-100
80-100
60-120
80-120
what connective tissue surrounds the heart?
herocardium
pericardium
endocardium
myocardium
how is the pericardium tissue anchored
ligaments
to the chest wall
diaphragm
arteries and veins
what are the heart's walls three main layers?
endocardium (inner layer)
myocardium (middle layer)
epidcardium (outerlayer)
depidermis (outer layer
photodermis (middle layer)
alpha blockers are used for
hypertension
BPH
end in -zosin
end in -pril
antiarrhythmics
void disrrhthmias
help disrrhthmias
have rythm or pace in their name
have temp or hot in their name
ACE inhibitors
-pril
used for hypertension
side effect dry cough in order to stop that they stop ACE inhinitors
and start ARBS
angiotensin converting enzyme
ARBs
angiotensin receptor blockers
-sartan
similar/substitute for
ACE inhibitors
beta blockers
ppl with asthma have to b careful bc it can also affect the lungs
-olol
-prin
-pril
calcium channel blockers
CCBs
-dipine
but there are exceptions to that ending
-prenolol
anticoagulants end in
-rin
-prolol
-pril
-ace
antihyperlipidemic agents
-statin
include statins (HMG-CoA)
have a bunch of other endings
-pril
thrombolytics
-ase
enzyme
-pril
-olol
-sartan
meds used for hypertension
ABCD
Alpha-Blockers (-zosin) Beta-blockers (-olol)
Ace inhibitors (-pril)
ARBS (-sarton)
Calcium Channel Blockers (-dipine)
Diuretics (-water pills)
the pulmonary arteries carry
deoxygenated blood
oxygenated blood
most arteries carry
oxygenated blood
dexygenated blood
although the heart is efficient, it still must
be oxygenated
pumped
moved
felt
the main arteries that supply blood to the heart
coronary arteries
pulmonary arteries
cortiod arteries
superior arteries
an event series that occurs in one complete heartbeat
cardiac cycle
blood cycle
pulmonary cycle
artery cycle
one of the cardiac cycle sequence
systole
systoley
the myocardium squeezes blood from the heart chamber into the pulmonary artery or aorta
the myocardium releases blood from the heart chamber into the superior artery or aorta
one of the cardiac cycle sequences
diastole
dystole
blood refills the chambers(relaxation) the artia contracts to pack 20% more blood into the ventricles. most of the body's blood supply is cycled every minute through the heart
blood empties the chambers(relaxation) the aorta contracts to pack 40% more blood into the ventricles. most of the body's blood supply is cycled every 5 minutes through the heart
blood pressure is the force exerted by the blood against the outer walls of the blood vessels
false
inner
true
the blood flow depends on the
heart rate
force of contractions
speed
density
when the heart works harder to increase cardiac output (CO)
blood flow increases, causing a rise in blood pressure and vice versa
blood flow decreases, causing a low in blood pressure and vice versa
can body fluid volume change based on salt intake?
yes
no
providers often place ppl with edema on salt-restricted diets
resistance to blood flow caused by blood viscosity
peripheral resistance
anterior resistance
and the force required to pump blood through vessels
and the force non required to pump blood through arteries
when perioheral resistance increases
blood pressure increases
blood pressure decreases
the heart rate slows
the heart rate rises
as the diameter of blood vessels decreases
vasocontriction
vasocontraction
peripheral resistance increases
peripheral resistance decreases
vasodilation
increase in blood vessel diameter
that results in a peripheral resistance decrease
that results in a peripheral resistance increase
decrease in blood vessel diameter
angiotesnsin ii
hormone that causes vasoconstriction
hormone that causes vasocontraction
enzyme that causes vasocontriction
enzyme that causes vasocontraction
ACE inhibitors block the production of angiotensin ii and vasoconstriction
true
false
side effect for ACEI
dry hacking cough
doesnt resolve over time
provides switch to ARBs
resolves over time
linsopril
prinivil
zestril
pronovil
troavil
what is linsopril used for
hypertension
side effect: dry cough
side effect: fever
hypotension
losartan
cozaar
cozar
vocar
tinocar
what is losartan used for
hypertension
stroke prophylaxis
proteinuria (urinating proteins)
diabetic nephropathy (kidney pain)
angiotensin ii receptor antagonists (ARBs) work by inhibiting the effects of angiotensin ii on angiotensin ii receptors
true
false
which are true
ace inhibitors dont allow angiotensin i to turn to ii
arbs blocks the system from receiving angiotensin ii already there but BLOCKING it
any blood pressure med can cause dizziness/drowsiness
true
false
beta-1 receptors are located
in the heart
in the lungs
in both
in the arteries
beta-2 receptors are located in the
lungs
arteries
heart
both
a nonspecific agent, which affects both beta-1 and beta-2 receptors, is unsuitable for pts with asthma bc blocking beta-2 receptors in the lungs and bronchi leads to bronchoconstriction
true
false
atenolol
tenormin
hypertension, angina, myocardial infraction
selective beta blocker (can be used by ppl with asthma)
nonselective beta blocker(cant be used by ppl with asthma)
metoprolol tartrate
lopressor
used 2x daily
selective beta blocker
hypertension angina heart attack HF
metoprolol succinate
toprol XL
once a day(extended release) sustains
selective beta blocker
hypertension angina heart attack HF
propranolol
inderal LA
hypertension angina artiral fib termor migrane prophylaxis
nonselective beta blocker
selective beta blocker
propranolol is a beta blocker that readily crosses the blood-brain barrier
true
false
bc of this its used for many cns conditions
including migrain prophylaxi and tumor treatment
dihydropyridine
CCBs
nifedipine
amlodipine
what is the name hypertension earned bc of its few noticeable signs that accompany it
silent killer
hyper killer
rapid killer
freddy kruger
hypertensive pts should not take the following otc agents bc they affect bp
NSAIDs
antihistamines
decongestants
some cold and allergy remedies
hyperlipidemia (hypercholesterolemia) is a bloodstream cholesterol level decrease that can lead to atheosclerosis( arterial nonhardening)
true
false
increase
hardening
atherosclerosis
increases the incidence of angina, heart attack, and stroke
decreases the incidence of angina, heart attack, and stroke
blood tests measure serum levels of different cholesterol forms such as
low-density lipoproteins (LDL)
high-density lipoproteins (HDL)
low pressure
high blood pressure
What is LDLs function
to carry cholesterol to the tissue, where it can lodge in blood vessel walls and contribute to atherosclerosis
to pull cholesterol to the tissue, where it can stay in blood artery walls and contribute to atherosclerosis
HDL or "good cholesterol"
removes cholesterol from the arteries and transports to the liver
adds cholesterol to the arteries and transports to the heart
removes cholesterol from the veins and transports to the heart
what are another form of cholesterol linked to atherosclerosis development
triglycerides (TGs)
LDLs
HDLs
atrovastatin
liptor
lipidema
hypercholesterolemia, MI prophylaxis, stroke prophylaxis
side effect: muscle pain, liver toxicity, nausea, constipation
aux labels: take w/ meals take in pm
antithyperlipidemic agents include (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins), bile acid sequestrants, fibrates, niacin, and ezetimibe
true
false
statins inhibit an enzyme responsible for one of the 2nd steps in the overall conversion of fats into cholesterol
false; 1st
true
statins
raise HDL levels and reduce LDL and TG levels
most widely used agents or hyperlipidemia treatment
lower HDL levels and raise LDL and TG levels
most widely used agents or stroke treatment
bile acid sequestrants such as cholestyramine decrease cholesterol loss through the GI tract, they do this by unbinding to GI tract bile acids to prevent reabsorption
true
false; increase; binding
bc bile acids are made from cholesterol, the loss of bile acids thorugh the feces has a net effect of lowering cholesterol levels
true
false
cholestyramine
questran
questran light
prevalite
homalight
used for hypercholesteremia
the bile acid sequestrant __ is approved for hyperlipidemia and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus treatment, but we're not sure how it lowers blood glucose levels
colesevelam
welchol
fibrates such as __ are less effective at lowering LDL cholesterol but can increase HDL levels and lower TGs bc of this, theyre frequently used w/ __ in ppl w/ persistently low HDL levels and high TG levels
gemfibrozil and fenofibrate; statins
gemfibrozil and atenolol; prils
prozax and orlolol; ARBs
what is a B-complex vitamin that reduces LDL and TG levels and increases HDL levels
Nicotinic acid
niacin
fibrates
bile acid sequestrants
whats another niacin effect
cutaneous blood vessel dialation, particularly to the face, neck, and chest
because of this the characteristic "niacin flush" can result in headaches, pain, and pruritus
cutaneous blood vessel inflation, particularly to the legs, arm, and back
because of this the characteristic "niacin flush" can result in stomach pain, irritation, and allergy symptoms
nicotinic acid
niacor
niaspan
used hyperlipidemia and hypertriglyceridemia
are there nonflushing niacin forms?
yes
no
what can a pt take (unless contraindicated) before niacin to help minimize flushing symptoms?
aspirin
benzl proxide
benadryl
tylenol
ezetimibe
zetia
zormia
zetril
zemorfrin
what is a syndrome that affects arterial blood vessels; inflammation occurs as a result of the lifelong build up of small plaques, mainly composed of lipids and the clumping of platelets
atherosclerosis
asteoprososis
ometererprol
aspirin
condition that results from thickening, loss of elasticity (hardening), and calcification of arterial walls
arteriosclerosis
atherosclerosis
osteroperosis
onamonapia
what can contribute to arteriosclerosis progression
hypertension
hyperlipidemia
diabetes
and normal aging
pts w/ atherosclerosis often also have arteriosclerosis
true
false
bc CAD blocks blood flow to heart muscle areas, a primary disease symptom is angina resulting from a lack of mycardial oxygenation
true
false
what results from a decrease in cardiac blood flow, which causes chest pain or a sense of pressure
angina pectoris
angina anterior
angina fronterior
three types of angina
stable
variant
unstable
unvariant
stable (chronic) angina
the person can experience short ischemic episodes
may not be related to atherosclerosis, instead the pt experiences coronary artery spasms that can occur spontaneously
which may worsen in pt with a known of anginal attacks, can occur at rest
also called prinzmetal or vasopastic angina
variant angina
the person can experience short ischemic episodes
may not be related to atherosclerosis, instead the pt experiences coronary artery spasms that can occur spontaneously
which may worsen in pt with a known of anginal attacks, can occur at rest
also called prinzmetal or vasopastic angina
unstable angina
the person can experience short ischemic episodes
may not be related to atherosclerosis, instead the pt experiences coronary artery spasms that can occur spontaneously
which may worsen in pt with a known of anginal attacks, can occur at rest
also called prinzmetal or vasopastic angina
what drug treatment is commonly used to treat and prevent angina symptoms
nitrates
calcium channel blockers
beta blocker
ACE inhibitors
what is the most frequently prescribed antianginal drug
nitroglycerin
nitrates
beta blockers
calcium channel blockers
many ppl dont carry nitroglycerin SL tablets in their purse or pockets in the event of an acute angina attack
true
false
nitroglycerin (as wel as nitrates) has many dosage forms including
capsules and extended release capsules
topical patches
ointments and creams
SL spray
SL tablets and injectable forms for emergencies
nitrates are
vasodilators
vasothermometer
modifiers
pumpers
what are vasodilators (nitrates)
they dilate the arteries to permit an increase blood flow to the heart muscle
they reduce work load
they articulate the arteries to permit a decrease blood flow to the heart muscle
they upheave workload
what are common nitrate agents used for angina treatment
isosorbide dinitrate
isosorbide mononitrate
nitroglycerin
isosorbide binitrate
which of the following are SL tablets (effective bc of their rapid absorbtion)
isosorbide binitrate
isosorbide mononitrate
nitroglycerin
isosorbide dinitrate
nitroglycerin SL tablets must
be kept in a dry area
IN THE ORIGINAL LIGHT-PROTECTED GLASS CONTAINER to prevent the active agent from deteriorating
be kept in the bathroom
must be kept hidden
another form for acute relief is translingual NTG spray. the pt sprays metered doses under the tongue w/ a minimum of 3 sprays in 10 minutes
true
false; maximum; 15 minutes
sublingual dosages are kept at the pts bedside in an institution, or constantly with the ambulatory individual for emergency relief of angina attacks. in the hospital NTG is often given by IV infusion for a variety of circumstances including unstable angina treatment
true
false
SL is for acute attacks and all others are used for maintance
true
false
routine medication for stable angina
isosorbide mononitrate
isosobride dinitrate (SL tablet)
isosorbide dinitrate
treatment for acute angina
isosorbide mononitrate
isosorbide dinitrate
isosobride dinitrate (SL tablet)
(another) routine medication for stable angina
isosobride dinitrate
isosorbide mononitrate
isosorbide dinitrate (extended release capsule)
when filling a NTG tablet prescriptionb NEVER take the tablets out of the manufacturer's amber glass container, it must be protected from degradation by light. instead place the glass container in a large plastic vial w/ the prescription label
true
false
package NTG with
a non-child proof cap so ppl can readily open the vial if experiencing chest pain or a heart attack
a child proof cap so children cant open the vial
depending on clot severity either an ___ agent can be used
anticoagulant( to prevent clotting)
or a thombolytic(to break up or dissolve the clot)
another type of anticoagulant is warfarin. unlike heparin, orally administered warfarin is for long-term use and usually taken twice a day
true
false; once
what does warfarin interefer with
vitamin-k dependent coagulation factor synthesis in the liver
vitamin-d dependent coagulation factor synthesis in the lungs
vitamin-b dependent coagulation factor synthesis in the heart
prothrombin time and international normalized ratio (INR) tests monitor
how long it takes blood to form clots while the patient is taking medication
how long it takes the medication to start working
how long it takes blood to get to the area of injury
how much blood is disposed of during an injection
a warfarin overdose can potentially cause
life-threatening bleeding
non-life threatening bleeding
clots
rhumititis
warfarin interacts with many other
prescription medications
otc products
herbals
food
ppl receiving warfarin often undergo regular monitoring
true
false
some pt are treat in the hospital and/or discharged to their homes with low-molecular-weight (LMWH) ___ such as __ which is administered as a___. the dosage depends on the indication and the pts weight
heparin; enoxaparin; subcutaneous injection
warfarin; heperini; intravenous injection
LMWHs are frequenty "bridge therapy" after orthopedic surgeries while the pt is started on warfarin
true
false
bridge therapy means that an LMWH is used to prevent clot formation until warfarin achieves a therapuetic level
true
false
foods such as __ contain a large amt of vitamin k (coagulat) wihc may counteract the effectiveness of warfarin,
broccoli, cabbage
liver
brussel sprouts, spinach
Swiss Chard, coriander, colards
warfarin
coumadin
jantoven
used to prevent clot formation
used to encourage clot formation
warfarin side effect and aux label
hemorrhage
avoid alcohol
clot formation
avoid grapejuice
thiazides and loop diuretics cause hypokalemia
true
false
what is the antidote for a digoxin overdose or symptomatic toxicity is
digoxin immune Fab
Digibind
Digibind binds to the digoxin molecule, and the drug is excreted from the body. the treament must be done in the emergency department and the antidote is not available in injectable form only
true
false; it is available
digoxin
lanoxin
omoprin
lomporxin
celabrin
what is digoxin used for
heart failure
atrial fibrillation
blood coagulation
high blood pressure
digoxin is the only cardiac glycoside which increases he force of cardiac contraction (inotropic effect)
true
false
the goal of all drug treatment is to enhance the ease and efficiency of heart function. digoxin is 1 of the most common drug treatments
true
false
what are some additional agents that help with heart failure
ACE inhibitors
ARBs
beta blockers
diuretics
diuretics can help lower blood pressure and mange HF associated edema
true
false
non serious medication errors can occur because the medication names quinidine and quinine dont look similar. they often dont sit close to each other ono the pharmacy shelf and dont pose a risk for mistakes
true
false
quinidine is an
antimalarial
antiarrhythmic
quinine is an
antimalarial
antiarrhythmic
the main agents used to treat an acute ischemic stroke in progress are
thrombolytics such as tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA, Activase) if indicated
beta blockers such as tissue phlamainogen activator (taPA, Activase) if indicated
calcium channel blockers such as tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA, Activase) if indicated
what are the medicines used in treating dysrhythmias (arrhythmias)
antidysrhythmic agents
antiarrhythmic agents
what are the common agents used in treating dysrhythmias
quinidine sulfate
procainamide
amiodarone
sotalol
verapamil
transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) are caused by
a short period of reduced oxygenation to the brain, possily as a result of atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease
a long period of increased oxygenation to the brain, possily as a result of atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease
TIAs are similar to strokes, except that TIA duration is much quicker with typically no permanent loss of function
true
false
TIAs are mini strokes, theyre precursers (warning) to a stroke
true
false
what are the two types of strokes
ischemic (clot)
hemorrhagic (bleeding)
hemorrhagic strokes dont occur when unweakened vessels, or aneurysms in the brain rupture
true
false
if coronary blood flow to a heart area becomes entirely blocked bc of a thrombus or embolism, that area of the heart muscle cant receive necessary oxygen. this blockade results in heart muscle death a condition also know as
myocardial infraction
heart attack
ischemic stroke
dysrthymia
clopidogrel
plavix
fluvix
atrunoix
clopix
antiplatelet medication used for stroke therapy (81 mg in the US)
low dose aspirin
baby aspirin
what are the new rules to follow for aspirin from the AHA, ACC and HRS reguarding aspirin
low dose aspirin can be considered for the primary prevention of ASCVD in higher ASCVD adults aged 40 to 70 who are not at increased bleeding risk
low dose aspirin should not be administered routinely for the primary prevention of ASCVD in adults older than 70 yrs
low dose aspirin should not be administered for primary prevention at any age who are at an increased bleeding risk
antidote for dabigatran
idarucizumab
praxbind
digoxin
digibind
praxbind binds directly to dabigatran neutralizing the anticoagulant, it must be injected intravenously with rapid effects
true
false
antiplatelet agents
aspirin (ecotrin)
clopidogrel (plavix)
digoxin (digibing)
side effects for bile acid sequestrants (used for hyperlipidemia)
bloating
contipation
upset stomach
nausea
vomiting
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (statins) side effects (used to treat hyperlipidemia)
liver toxicity
muscle pain
cramps
upset stomach
fibrates side effects (used to treat hyperlipidemia)
abdominal pain
diarrhea
myopathy (muscle pain)
cholesterol absorption inhibitors are used for hyperlipidemia
true
false
the 1st line therapy for most hypertensive pt are
thiazide diuretics
beta blockers
calcium channel blockers
hypotension is low blood pressure, one of the more common problems that ppl experience is orthostatic hypotension
true
false
syptoms of hypotension include
syncope (fainting)
dizziness
nausea
upset stomach
adjustments in medication may alleviate hypotension resulting from medication use
true
false
increasing salt intake can also raise blood pressure, but this can only be done if a salt increase does not affect comorbid medical conditions. drinking more water helps increase bloodstream fluid volume and relieves dehydration
true
false
what are the two most common drugs for postural hypotension
fludrocortisone (increases blood volume)
midodrine (raises blood pressure)
aspirin (increases blood volume)
flodrax (raises blood pressure)
common side effects for ACE inhibitors
angioedema
dry cough
hyperkalemia
hypotension
common side effects for thiazide diuretics
hyperglycemia
hypokalemia
hyponatremia
hypotension
photosensitivity
Drug class: ACE inhibitors
General Use: hypertension
General Effect: prevents blood vessel constriction
General Use: hypotension
General Effect: promotes blood vessel constriction
Drug class: antiplatelet agents
General Use:thrombosis
General Effect:prevents blood clot formation
General Use:thrombolytics
General Effect:promotes blood clot formation
Drug Class: beta blockers
General Use:hypertenson
General Effect:reduce workload of the heart
General Use:hypotension
General Effect:increase workload of the heart
Drug class: bile acid sequestrant blockers
General Use:hypercholesterolemia
General Effect:lowers cholesterol
General Use:hypocholesteremia
General Effect:raises cholesterol
Drug class: calcium channel blockers
General Use:hypertension
General Effect:increase blood flow and decrease vessel constriction in the heart
General Use:hypotension
General Effect:decreases blood flow and increases vessel constriction in the heart
Drug class: diuretics
General Use: hypertension, edema
General Effect:reduce fluid volume
General Use:hypotension, edema
General Effect:increase fluid volume
Drug class: nitrates
General Effect: relax blood vessels, allowing more blood to treat the heart
General Use:angina
General Effect:constricts blood vessels, allowing more blood to treat the heart
General Use:edema
Drug class: statins
General Use:hypercholesterolemia
General Use:lowers cholesterol
General Use:hypocholesteremia
General Use:raises cholesterol
