Necessary substances obtained from ingested food that supply the body with energy: build and maintain bones, muscles and skin: and aid in the normal growth and function of each body system.

An imbalance in the amount of nutrient intake and the bodies needs

The bodies intake and use of adequate amounts of necessary nutrients for tissue growth and energy production.

The bodies intake and use of adequate amounts of necessary nutrients for tissue growth and energy production.

Necessary substances obtained from ingested food that supply the body with energy: build and maintain bones, muscles and skin: and aid in the normal growth and function of each body system.

An imbalance in the amount of nutrient intake and the bodies needs

how much energy your body takes in

major biochemical processes

minimum amount of energy required to maintain body functions in the resting, awake state

basal metabolic rate consist of basic functions

anabolism

catabolism

metabolism

cannibalism

physical activity

types of food eaten and frequency

health conditions

weight

macronutreints

micronutrients

carbohydrates

fiber

kilocalories

carbohydrates, fats, proteins, & water

fiber

minerals and vitamins

carbohydrates, fats, proteins, & water

minerals & vitamins

fiber

fats

bread, pasta, rice, potatoes, dried beans, & fruit

whole grains, wheat bran, cereals, fresh fruit, veggies, & legumes

eggs, fish , cheese, meat, milk, soybeans

beans, peas, nuts, seeds, fruits

50-60% total calories per day

20-30% total calories per day

40-50% total calories per day

10-15% total calories per day

complex breaks down slower in the body than simple sugars

simple breaks down quickly in the body. ( gone in a couple hours)

fruits

(fructose)

sugar

(sucrose)

milk

(lactose)

glucose

wholes grains, whole wheat, rice, pasta, corn, pumpkin , green peas, sweet potatoes

milk, fish , meat

within the body

fats & proteins

water intake to prevent bowl obstruction

insulin to decrease glucose

proteins

carbohydrates

soluble

insoluble

simple

complex

whole grains, wheat bran, cereals, fresh fruit, veggies, legumes

bread, pasta, rice, potatoes, dried beans & fruit

eggs, fish , cheese, milk ,meat, soybeans

beans, peas , nuts, seeds, fruits

high glucose

diarrhea

constipation

vomiting

10-20% of daily calories

20-30% of daily calories

30-40% of daily calories

50-60% of daily calories

all 9 of the amino acids

4 kcal of energy per gram

energy

carbohydrates

skin, hair, nails

fluid balance

tissue repair

red/white blood cell production

animal sources

(eggs, fish cheese, milk ,meat)

beans, peas, nuts, seeds, fruits,

whole grains, wheat bran, cereals, fresh fruits, veggies

bread, pasta, rice, potatoes, dried beans , & fruit

beans, peas, nuts, seeds, fruits

eggs, fish, cheese, milk, meat

whole grains, wheat bran, cereals, fresh fruit, veggies

bread , pasta, rice , potatoes, dried beans & fruit

gas

bloating

diarrhea

cramping

kidney function

wounds & burns to promote healing

GI problems

immune health

fats are needed for energy and cell growth

composed of carbon, hydrogen & oxygen

20-30% of daily calories

fats are proteins just different type.

lipids

triglycerides

saturated fatty acids / unsaturated

monounsaturated/ polyunsaturated

most abundant lipids in food

they are beneficial but to much can damage your arteries

level of triglycerides should be <150

also come from animal sources beef , lamb, processed meats

found in hard margarines, shortenings, pastries, crackers, fried food, cheese, ice cream, & other processed foods

also comes from animal sources, beef, lamb, processed meats (red meats)

trans fats are known to rise cholesterol

known as "The Good" fats

known as "The Good" fats

sources include canola, olive & peanut oils, avacados, cashews, seasme seeds, & fish

omega 3 & omega 6 unsaturated essential fatty acids

good for cholesterol

fat like substance found in all cells of the body.

75% is produced by the body and 25% comes from diet intake.

essential for cell membranes and production of some hormones.

normal total blood cholesterol level is <200

6% of adult weight & 50% elderly weight is made up of water

LDL <100 are the bad guys

HDL>35 are the good guys

fat soluble vitamins

vitamin A

vitamin D

vitamin E

vitamin K

retinol

absorbtion of calcium

antioxidant

aquamephtan

yellow & orange veggies and fruits, liver, milk , egg yolk , dark leafy veggies

sunlight

green leafy veggies especially cabbage

eggs, cheese, milk , meats

blindness

decrease immunity to infections

impaired growth and development

necessary to absorb calcium

needed for bone and tissue formation

manufactured though sun exposure.

antioxidant

(protects cells from injury and free radicals )

helps maintain a healthy immune system

in just about everything and needed for most everything

Aquamephytan

needed for blood clotting and bone

can be deadly in large doses!!

deficiency can result in bruising and bleeding

green leafy veggies, especially cabbage

yellow & orange veggies and fruits, liver, milk, egg yolk, and dark leafy veggies

bread, pasta, rice, potatoes, dried beans & fruit

eggs, fish , cheese, milk, meat , soybeans

Vitamin C

Vitamin B

Vitamin A

Vitamin E

absorbed and excreted so less likely to reach toxic concentration than fat soluble vitamins.

easily destroyed by air, light, and cooking

not stored in the body so must be ingested daily

citrus fruit, cantaloupe, strawberries, broccoli, brussell sprouts , chicken liver & kidney

green leafy veggies, especially cabbage

yellow & orange veggies and fruits, liver, milk , egg yolk, and dark leafy veggies

bread, pasta, potatoes, dried beans

needed for forming collagen

protein metabolism

contributes to developing strong immune system

antioxidant

red, sore mouth / bleeding gums

muscle weakness

rough, brown, dry scaly skin

anemia, infection, death

egg yolk, fruits, organ meat, lean, pork, legumes, nuts, veggies, and whole grains

citrus fruits, cantaloupe, strawberries, broccli, brussel sprouts

yellow & orange fruits and veggies, liver, milk, egg yolk, and dark leafy veggies

green leafy veggies, especially cabbage

needed for metabolism of protein, fate, cabs, and sugars

important for normal heart, nervous system, and muscle functions

necessary for digestion

confusion

disorientated

loss of memory

staggering gait/ jerky eye movements

protein, potatoes, green veggies

yellow & orange veggies and fruits, liver, milk , egg yolk, dark leafy veggies

citrus fruit, cantaloupe, strawberries, broccli , brussel sprouts, chicken liver and kidney

green leafy veggies, especially cabbage

Riboflavin

Niacin

Pyridoxine

promotes healthy skin and assists other B vitamins with their functions 

 energy production, helps for fatty acids. 

acts as a coenzyme to synthesize amnio acids 

Riboflavin

Niacin

Pyridoxine

acts as a coenzyme to synthesize amnio acids 

energy production, helps for fatty acids. 

 promotes healthy skin and assists other B vitamins with their functions 

Riboflavin

Niacin

Pyridoxine

 promotes healthy skin and assists other B vitamins with their functions 

 energy production, helps for fatty acids. 

energy production, helps for fatty acids. 

liver, nuts, green leafy veggies, oranges, bananas

green leafy veggies, especially cabbage

bread, pasta, dried beans

beans, peas, nuts, seeds, and fruits

prevents deformities early in pregnancy

can treat certain forms of anemia

folate is the natural form of vitamin B9

cooper , zinc, potassium

sodium ,chloride

iron , iodine

calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium

needed for many body functions

a component ofd hemoglobin a protein that carries oxygen from our lungs to other parts of the body

helps our muscles store and use oxygen

fatigue

weakness

SOB & irritability

pale skin & spoon shaped fingers

meat, poultry, fish, beans, spinach, dried fruits (raisins)

citrus fruits, cantaloupe, strawberries, broccoli , brussel sprouts, chicken liver & kidney

yellow & orange fruits and veggies, liver, milk , egg yolk, and dark leafy veggies

green leafy veggies, especially cabbage

an essential mineral not made in the body must be ingested

needed for normal thyroid functions

thyroid gland determines rate of metabolism

iodized salts, seaweed, fish , shellfish, dairy, eggs, beef , liver, chicken

meat, poultry, fish, beans, spinach, dried fruits

liver, nuts, green leafy veggies, oranges, bananas

whole grains, wheat bran, cereals, fresh fruits, veggies, & legumes

poor wound healing

stunted growth

hypogonadism

impaired immune response/ anemia

beef, poultry, seafood, shellfish, legumes, seeds, nuts, whole grains, fortified cereals

iodized salts, seaweed, fish, shellfish, dairy, eggs, beef, liver, chicken

liver, nuts, green leafy veggies, oranges, bananas

meat, poultry, fish, beans, spinach, dried fruits

assists in carrying out many important functions including production of red blood cells, regulations of heart rate & BP.

needed for energy

creation of DNA, growth of cells, building proteins.

potatoes, peas, beans, green veggies, whole grains, sunflower seeds, shellfish, organ meats

yellow & orange fruits and veggies, liver, milk, egg yolk, and dark leafy veggies

liver, nuts, green leafy veggies, oranges, and bananas

proteins, potatoes, green veggies

digestion

absorption

metabolism

excretion

anorexia nervosa

bulimia nervosa

chronic alcoholism

dementia

skin folds

mid- arm circumference & mid arm muscle circumference

waist circumference

waist to hip ratio

food restrictions

pts dietary preference

cultural and religious nutritional needs

special diets

assistance with feedings

pts with NPO orders

feeding tubs, NG tubes