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WorksheetsPRICOS Midterm Exam
Total questions: 60
Worksheet time: 3600secs
Cost-Volume-Profit (CVP) Analysis is used to determine how changes in costs, volume, and prices affect a company's profits.
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The contribution margin is the amount left over after deducting variable costs from sales revenue.
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The break-even point is the level of sales where total revenue equals total variable costs.
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In a CVP Analysis, the total contribution margin is calculated by multiplying the contribution margin per unit by the number of units sold.
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A company with a high contribution margin ratio is more profitable than a company with a low contribution margin ratio.
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The margin of safety is the excess of actual or projected sales over the break-even volume of sales.
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CVP Analysis assumes that the sales mix of a company's products remains constant.
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CVP Analysis is useful for determining the sales volume needed to achieve a target profit level.
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In a CVP Analysis, fixed costs are assumed to be constant regardless of the level of production.
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CVP Analysis can only be used in manufacturing companies and is not applicable to service companies.
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What is the primary objective of cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis?
To determine the profitability of a company
To determine the breakeven point for a company
To determine the optimal product mix for a company
To determine the market demand for a company
What is the formula for calculating the contribution margin?
Sales revenue - variable costs
Sales revenue / variable costs
Variable costs - sales revenue
Fixed costs / sales revenue
Which of the following is a variable cost?
Rent
Salaries of top executives
Raw materials
Property taxes
Which of the following is NOT a component of the CVP analysis?
Sales volume
Variable costs
Fixed costs
Operating income
The contribution margin ratio is calculated as:
Total contribution margin / total sales revenue
Total sales revenue / total contribution margin
Total variable costs / total sales revenue
Total fixed costs / total sales revenue
The margin of safety is calculated as:
Actual sales - breakeven sales
Breakeven sales - actual sales
Sales revenue - variable costs
Sales revenue / contribution margin
Which of the following is NOT an assumption of CVP analysis?
Total fixed costs remain constant
Sales mix remains constant
Selling price remains constant
Variable costs remain constant
The contribution margin per unit is calculated as:
Sales price per unit - fixed costs per unit
Sales price per unit - variable costs per unit
Total sales revenue / total units sold
Total variable costs / total units sold
By identifying which costs are fixed and which are variable, businesses can determine which expenses can be reduced in the short term to improve profitability. This is referred to as...
Pricing
Decisions
Production
Decisions
Resource
Allocation
Financial
Planning
A company has a contribution margin ratio of 40%. What is the breakeven point in dollars if fixed costs are $100,000?
$40,000
$150,000
$250,000
$400,000
A budget is a financial plan that helps you keep track of your income and expenses.
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Creating a budget can help you achieve your financial goals.
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Only people with high incomes need to create a budget.
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It is not necessary to track your expenses when creating a budget.
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You should prioritize essential expenses when allocating money in your budget.
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Creating a budget means that you cannot spend money on non-essential items.
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A budget should be flexible and allow for changes over time.
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It is not necessary to review your budget regularly once it has been created.
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Budgeting can help you identify areas where you are overspending and find ways to save money.
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Creating a budget is a one-time process and does not require ongoing maintenance.
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To calculate your net income, you subtract your total expenses from your total income.
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If your monthly income is $3,000 and your monthly expenses are $2,500, your monthly savings would be $500.
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If your monthly income is $5,000 and your monthly rent is $1,500, your housing expenses are 30% of your income.
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If your total debt payments are $500 per month and your monthly income is $2,000, your debt-to-income ratio is 25%.
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If you have a credit card with a $1,000 balance and a 20% interest rate, you will pay $200 in interest per year if you only make the minimum payment.
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Your emergency fund should ideally cover at least 3 months of your living expenses.
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If your monthly income is $4,000 and you allocate $1,200 towards your essential expenses, you have $2,400 remaining for non-essential expenses and savings.
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If you want to save $10,000 in one year and your monthly income is $3,000, you need to save $833.33 per month to reach your goal.
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If your monthly income is $3,500 and you allocate $500 towards savings, you have $3,000 remaining for expenses.
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If you spend $300 per month on groceries and $200 per month on dining out, your total food expenses are $500 per month.
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Scenario: A company sells a product for P20 per unit. The variable cost per unit is P12, and the fixed costs are P30,000 per year.
Question: The contribution margin per unit for the given scenario is P8.
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Fixed costs are costs that remain constant regardless of the level of sales.
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The break-even point can be calculated by dividing the fixed costs by the contribution margin per unit.
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If the selling price per unit increases, the break-even point in units will decrease.
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If the variable cost per unit increases, the contribution margin per unit will decrease.
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The margin of safety represents the amount of sales above the break-even point.
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If the actual sales revenue is equal to the break-even sales revenue, the margin of safety is zero.
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The target profit is the amount of profit a company desires to earn after deducting fixed and variable costs.
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If the fixed costs increase, the break-even point in units will decrease.
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If the contribution margin per unit decreases, the break-even point in units will decrease.
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A company sells a product for P20 per unit. The variable cost per unit is P12, and the fixed costs are P30,000 per year. What is the contribution margin per unit?
P8
P12
P20
P30
What are fixed costs?
Costs that remain constant regardless of the level of sales.
Costs that vary with the level of sales.
Costs that are incurred for each unit produced.
Costs that are incurred only if a product is sold.
What is the formula for calculating the break-even point in units?
Fixed costs / Selling price per unit
Fixed costs / Variable cost per unit
Fixed costs / Contribution margin per unit
Selling price per unit / Variable cost per unit
A company sells a product for P20 per unit. The variable cost per unit is P12, and the fixed costs are P30,000 per year. What is the break-even point (in units) for the company?
2,500 units
3,000 units
3,750 units
4,500 units
Scenario: A company sells a product for P20 per unit. The variable cost per unit is P12, and the fixed costs are P30,000 per year. What is the break-even point (in pesos) for the company?
P40,000
P60,000
P75,000
P90,000
What is the formula for calculating the margin of safety?
Actual sales - Breakeven sales
Actual sales - Fixed costs
Target profit / Contribution margin per unit
Fixed costs / Contribution margin per unit
Scenario: A company sells a product for P20 per unit. The variable cost per unit is P12, and the fixed costs are P30,000 per year. If the company sells 5,000 units, what is its margin of safety (in pesos)?
P10,000
P15,000
P20,000
P25,000
Scenario: A company sells a product for P20 per unit. The variable cost per unit is P12, and the fixed costs are P30,000 per year. What is the target profit if the company wants to earn P50,000?
P60,000
P62,500
P72,000
P75,000
Scenario: A company sells a product for P20 per unit. The variable cost per unit is P12, and the fixed costs are P30,000 per year. If the company wants to earn a target profit of P25,000, how many units does it need to sell?
5,000 units
6,250 units
7,500 units
8,750 units
Scenario: A company sells a product for P20 per unit. The variable cost per unit is P12, and the fixed costs are P30,000 per year. What is the total contribution margin for selling 6,000 units of the product?
P6,000
P48,000
P72,000
P108,000
