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AP Euro Period 2

Total questions: 113

Worksheet time: 1hrs 2mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Divine right monarchy was a term used to refer to

a)

a king's power derived from God

b)

the pope's authority over bishops

c)

the rights of subjects under a king

d)

the requirement that kings be ordained by the pope

2.

Among the principle characteristics of 17th and 18th century absolutist states were all of the following EXCEPT

a)

large standing armies

b)

development of constitutions

c)

weakening the nobility

d)

absolutist rule based on divine right

3.

Charles I of England faced a revolt against royal authority led by

a)

Parliament

b)

the Anglican Church

c)

peasants

d)

French agents

4.

Which of the following is the most significant outcome of Charles I's execution in 1649?

a)

It was the first time in history that a Parliament had voted for the execution of a monarch.

b)

The execution restored the Tudors to the throne.

c)

The execution led to the abolition of the monarchy.

d)

England was invaded and conquered by the Scots and Ireland gained independence.

5.

All of the following contributed to the growing opposition to Cromwell's rule in England EXCEPT

a)

his strict Puritan social policies alienated moderate Anglicans

b)

his growing reliance on France to prop up his government

c)

his cruel treatment of Catholic dissenters in Ireland

d)

his dissolution of the Rump Parliament

6.

After the restoration of the Stuart dynasty, which of the following contributed the most to growing opposition to Charles II?

a)

his growing alliance with the Dutch

b)

his conversion to Calvinism midway through his rule

c)

his inability to establish a rival commercial center in London

d)

his growing admiration for Catholocism and Louis XIV

7.

Which of the following is the most significant result of the Glorious Revolution of 1688 and the English Bill of Rights?

a)

The United Kingdom was formed.

b)

Equal rights and political representation were extended to subjects of the Crown in the English colonies.

c)

Limited monarchy was firmly established in England.

d)

England became the dominate power until 1870.

8.

The most serious problem confronting Poland in the 18th century was

a)

the end of serfdom

b)

Swedish expansion after the death of Charles XII

c)

resurgence of the Ottoman Empire

d)

weak central government

9.

One common concern of both Maria Theresa and Joseph II was

a)

providing state social services to the needy

b)

granting autonomy to the various ethnic groups within the Austrian Empire

c)

industrializing the country

d)

centralizing power

10.

Why did Frederick the Great of Prussia only abolish serfdom on crown lands and not the lands held by the Junkers?

a)

The Junkers didn't possess serfs because they were a military caste.

b)

He wanted to keep the loyalty of the Junkers.

c)

85% of Prussia's serfs lived on Crown lands.

d)

He thought it was immoral for the monarchy to keep peasants in serfdom.

11.

What two major events limited the scope of Catherine the Great's reforms in Russia?

a)

the Pugachev Rebellion and the French Revolution

b)

the wars against the Ottoman Empire and the partition of Poland

c)

the Pugachev Rebellion and Catherine's active social life

d)

the American and French Revolutions

12.

European Jews benefited the most from which enlightened despot?

a)

Louis XVI

b)

Frederick the Great

c)

Joseph II

d)

Philip II

13.

Overall, the reforms of the enlightened despots

a)

were not able to take hold because of limited support among the nobility.

b)

paved the way for democratic systems and the welfare state.

c)

led to a counter-reaction and the return of absolutist rule all over Europe.

d)

led to the feudalization of Europe.

14.

"We forbid our subjects of the so-called Reformed religion to assemble any more for public worship."


This statement was most likely issued as a result of

a)

Edict of Nantes

b)

Ninety-Five Theses

c)

Edict of Fontainebleau

d)

Peace of Augsburg

15.

Which of the following French kings is acknowledged as the embodiment of an absolute monarch?

a)

Henry IV

b)

Louis XIII

c)

Louis XIV

d)

Louis XV

16.

The partition of Poland 1772-1795

a)

eliminated Poland as an independent state.

b)

divided Poland between Sweden, Finland, and Lithuania.

c)

divided Poland between Russia, Hungary, and Austria.

d)

led to the emergence of an independent Lithuanian state.

17.

In 1713 Emperor Charles VI sought approval of the Pragmatic Sanction in order to guarantee

a)

indivisibility of the Hapsburg lands.

b)

political privileges for Catholics.

c)

borders between Holland and the Austrian Netherlands.

d)

the dynastic union of the Hapsburgs and the Romanovs.

18.

Sweden lost its position as a formidable European power as a result of

a)

the Thirty Years' War

b)

the Great Northern War

c)

the War of Spanish Succession

d)

weak central government

19.

The ideals of the French Revolution were best expressed in the phrase

a)

nobility, power, aristocracy

b)

equality, humanity, godliness

c)

liberty, equality, fraternity

d)

justice, honor, socialism

20.

Voting in the Estates General in France was traditionally

a)

based on the principle of one person/one vote

b)

done by estate

c)

in the form of a national referendum

d)

the exclusive reserve of the nobility

21.

The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen proclaimed all of the following EXCEPT

a)

the emancipation of women

b)

an elective legislature

c)

protection of rights of property

d)

religious toleration

22.

The Bastille in Paris was stormed on July 14, 1789

a)

in order to capture the royal family

b)

to free the Marquis de Lafayette

c)

to arrest refractory priests opposing the revolution

d)

to seize arms to defend against royal reprisals

23.

The Woman's March on Versailles on October 4, 1789 was a crucial turning point in the French Revolution because it

a)

brought the king and assembly back to Paris

b)

was embraced and supported by the king and queen

c)

was a peace offering to the monarchy after the storming of the Bastille

d)

forced the renunciation of feudal privileges

24.

The term emigres was used to describe

a)

nobles who stayed in France to fight against the revolution

b)

supporters of the revolution who came from other countries

c)

members of mobs in the Paris streets

d)

nobles who fled France

25.

The French Constitution of 1791

a)

abolished the monarchy

b)

established a constitutional monarchy

c)

gave the vote to all citizens

d)

reestablished the old provinces

26.

During the Reign of Terror, Robespierre tried to

a)

execute all French nobles

b)

restore the Catholic Church

c)

crush all opposition to the revolution

d)

sign a separate peace treaty with countries fighting against France

27.

Besides the violence, how was the Jacobin phase of the revolution more radical than the previous National Assembly phase?

a)

The Jacobins called for universal male suffrage and an end to all forms of monarchy.

b)

The Jacobins called for the elimination of private property and the redistribution of wealth.

c)

The Jacobins called for women of talent to hold key government positions.

d)

The Jacobins called for the abolition of all borders for a united Europe.

28.

Which of the following best explains the attitude of many European monarchs toward the French Revolution?

a)

Since the revolution was strictly the internal affair of the French government, European monarch paid little attention.

b)

Many rushed to aid Louis XVI.

c)

On the one hand they welcomed anything that would weaken France's position; on the other hand, they feared the revolution spreading to their countries.

d)

Many felt that it was time that radical reform came to France; therefore, they supported the revolution.

29.

Which French colony was inspired by and used the instability of the revolution to declare and eventually gain its independence?

a)

Haiti

b)

Algeria

c)

Guadeloupe

d)

French Guiana

30.

What became apparent after the Directory asked Napoleon to suppress pro-Royalist sympathizers in 1797?

a)

Pro-Royalist sympathizers lost their final battle to try to turn the clock back in France to 1789.

b)

The Directory came to rely more and more on the army for its power.

c)

France was vulnerable to foreign enemies since the army was asked to establish order within France.

d)

All of these choices.

e)

None of these choices.

31.

Czar Alexander I's most successful strategy in countering Napoleon's invasion of Russia was to

a)

stand and fight at the Neman River.

b)

surrender St. Petersburg.

c)

make a stand in front of Moscow.

d)

retreat and destroy food supplies.

32.

The Napoleonic Code, enacted by Bonaparte in 1804, did all of the following EXCEPT

a)

create laws that favored business and private enterprise.

b)

reaffirm the patriarchal nature of the traditional family.

c)

grant special privileges to the aristocracy.

d)

form a basis for civil law copied in many countries.

33.

To strangle the British economy, Napoleon imposed an economic blockade on his rival called

a)

the Napoleonic Code

b)

the Bastille Embargo

c)

the Continental System

d)

Anti-British Economic Policy

34.

Overall, the general goal of the allies at the Congress of Vienna was to

a)

spread the revolutionary gains made in France to the rest of Europe.

b)

anoint Russia as the new leader of Europe.

c)

established boundaries and conditions in Europe to contain France.

d)

create a permanent "Holy Alliance" between Austria, Prussia, Russia, and Great Britain.

35.

In the 18th century, the principle economic activity of the Netherlands was

a)

banking and maritime commerce

b)

tulip cultivation

c)

timber production and export

d)

agricultural production

36.

Mercantilism was principally characterized by

a)

government efforts to build a strong, self-sufficient economy

b)

the efforts of the merchant class to influence policy by subsidizing the government

c)

the efforts of bankers and exporters to establish free trade

d)

the view that labor ought to be able to seek its own market

37.

All of the following were reasons why the Dutch were the commercial and financial leaders in Europe in the 17th century EXCEPT

a)

they standardized currency throughout Europe

b)

the Dutch government guaranteed the safety of the deposits

c)

the Dutch charged no interest on long-term loans

d)

depositors were allowed to draw checks against their accounts

38.

All of the following mercantilist policies were implemented by Jean-Baptiste Colbert between 1648 and 1653 EXCEPT

a)

establishing new industries and improving infrastructure

b)

increasing internal tariffs

c)

founding the French East India Company

d)

creating a commercial code for businesses covering the entire country

39.

Which of the following became a British possession as a result of the treaty that ended the War of the Spanish Succession?

a)

Jamaica

b)

Gibraltar

c)

Canada

d)

India

40.

The scientist responsible for developing calculus and the theory of gravity was

a)

Kepler

b)

Leibniz

c)

Mendeleev

d)

Newton

41.

What major impact did the Scientific Revolution have on the Enlightenment?

a)

Through application of the concept of natural law to political theory, society could be governed in a more rational way.

b)

With the confirmation of the existence of a supreme divinity, the concept of the divine right of kings was strengthened.

c)

Failure to discover all of the laws that governed nature meant skepticism in separation of powers.

d)

The Scientific Revolution had a marginal impact on the Enlightenment since the latter encompassed political theory, education, and culture while the former dealt with mathematics and science.

42.

John Locke is most famous for advancing the concept of

a)

a heliocentric concept of the universe

b)

universal suffrage and a modern welfare state

c)

all people having natural rights based on life, liberty, and property

d)

economic justice for all

43.

The center of the Enlightenment was

a)

France

b)

England

c)

Prussia

d)

Russia

44.

Which of the following would be most adversely affected by the increase in the price of food?

a)

urban workers

b)

wealthy merchants

c)

the clergy

d)

the nobility

45.

Typically, the largest expenditure item in the budget of an 18th century state - excluding interest on national debt - was

a)

military

b)

royal palaces

c)

education

d)

infrastructure projects

46.
What were the results of the Protestant Reformation?
a)
The Catholic Church tried to overthrow the secular rulers of Europe.
b)
It ended religious unity in Europe and started a century of religious warfare and persecution.
c)
There were 2 popes, one in Italy and one in France and they excommunicated each other.
d)
The Protestant Reformation failed
47.
A 1494 agreement between Portugal and Spain, declaring that newly discovered lands to the west of an imaginary line in the Atlantic Ocean would belong to Spain and newly discovered lands to the east of the line would belong to Portugal.
a)
Amerigo Vespucci
b)
Vasco de Gama
c)
Triangular Trade
d)
Treaty of Tordesillas
48.
A practice, primarily during the eighteenth century, in which European ships transported slaves from Africa to Caribbean islands, molasses from the Caribbean to Europe, and trade goods from Europe to Africa.
a)
Prince Henry
b)
Atlantic Slave Trade
c)
Triangular Trade
d)
Pizarro
49.
Spanish conquistador that defeated the Incan empire. Although the Incan King, met his demands for rooms filled with gold & silver for the King's release. The King was strangled.
a)
Cortes
b)
Pizarro
c)
Capitalism
d)
Caravel
50.
First man to led an expedition that circumnavigated the globe.
a)
 Pizarro
b)
Caravel
c)
Cortes
d)
Magellan
51.
Spanish conquistador who defeated the Aztecs and conquered Mexico
a)
Caravel
b)
Pizarro
c)
Colonies
d)
Cortes
52.
Occurs when a country exports/sells more goods to other countries than it imports/buys from other countries
a)
Favorable balance of trade
b)
Atlantic Slave Trade
c)
Columbian Exchange
d)
Triangular Trade
53.
An economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by selling more goods than they bought.
a)
Capitalism
b)
Megellan
c)
Colonies
d)
Mercantilism
54.
The global transfer of plants, animals, and diseases that occurred during the European colonization of the Americas.
a)
Columbian Exchange
b)
Middle Passage
c)
Capitalism
d)
Colonization
55.
A small easily steerable ship used by the Portuguese and Spanish in their explorations.
a)
Pizarro
b)
Capitalism
c)
Cortes
d)
Caravel
56.
What is divine right?
a)
The right to rule was given to the monarch by God
b)
a Birth right
c)
soldiers for hire
d)
a monarch for hire
57.
Which person is credited with saying "L' etat, c' est moi" (I am the state)?
a)
Louis XIV
b)
John Locke
c)
Karl Marx
d)
Queen Isabella
58.
Who strengthened the French monarchy during the reign of Louis XIII?
a)
Colbert
b)
Rousseau
c)
Mazarin
d)
Richelieu
59.
Who was overthrown in the Glorious Revolution?
a)
Louis XIV
b)
Charles I
c)
James II
d)
William and Mary
60.
Who took the throne during the Glorious Revolution?
a)
Louis XIV
b)
Charles I
c)
James II
d)
William and Mary
61.
In the Glorious Revolution, William and Mary signed the _________, which forever limited the power of English kings and allowed Parliament to grow in power since they represented the people.
a)
English Bill of Rights
b)
Constitution
c)
Declaration of Independence
d)
Articles of Confederation
62.
Charles II of Spain dies childless. The throne was to be given to the Frenchman Philip II. The other countries of Europe did not want these superpowers to be united.
a)
Edict of Nantes
b)
Intendants
c)
Maria Theresa
d)
War of Spanish Succession
63.
French government agents who collected taxes and administered justice.
a)
Boyer 
b)
Cabinet
c)
Intendants
d)
Skepticsm
64.
An economic advisor to Louis XIV; he supported mercantilism and tried to make France economically self-sufficient. Brought prosperity to France.
a)
Restoration
b)
Maria Theresa
c)
Cabinet
d)
Jean Baptist Colbert
65.
(1756-1763) Conflict fought in Europe and its overseas colonies; in North America, known as the French and Indian War. Worldwide struggle between France and Great Britain for power and control of land.
a)
Thirty Year's War
b)
Seven Year's War
c)
Maria Theresa
d)
Divine Right
66.
Russian nobles
a)
cabinet
b)
boyar
c)
charles I
d)
philip II
67.
(1527-1598) King of Spain from 1556 to 1598. Absolute monarch who helped lead the Counter Reformation by persecuting Protestants in his holdings. Also sent the Spanish Armada against England.
a)
Divine Right
b)
Phillip II
c)
Charles I
d)
cabinet
68.
(1717-1780) Queen of Austria; took power as a result of her father persuading other leaders to accept her; instituted some enlightened reforms (rights for serfs, education); ruled Austria 1740-1780.
a)
Peter the Great
b)
Maria Theresa
c)
cabinet
d)
Cardnial Richelieu
69.
King of England(1625-1649). His power struggles with Parliament resulted in the English Civil War (1642-1648) in which Charles was defeated. He was tried for treason and beheaded in 1649
a)
Cabinet
b)
Cardnial Richelieu
c)
Charles I
d)
Divine Right
70.
(1672-1725) Russian tsar (r. 1689-1725). He enthusiastically introduced Western languages and technologies to the Russian elite, moving the capital from Moscow to his new city of St. Petersburg.
a)
Peter the Great
b)
Frederick
c)
Oliver Cromwell
d)
Maria Theresa
71.
(1712-1786) Prussian king who embraced culture and wrote poetry and prose. He gave religious and philosophical toleration to all subjects, abolished torture and made the laws simpler
a)
Oliver Cromwell
b)
Fredrick the Great
c)
Maria Theresa
d)
Peter the Great
72.
1598 proclamation that recognized Catholicism as the official religion of France but also gave the Huguenots the right to worship and to enjoy all political privileges
a)
Oliver Cromwell
b)
glorious revolution
c)
cabinet
d)
Edict of Nantes
73.
How did scientists begin challenging authority during the Scientific Revolution?  
a)
 By testing old beliefs using logic, math and observations
b)
 By reading classic literature
c)
By collecting samples of plant life
d)
 By forming new government ideas 
74.
Galileo was tried for heresy because he argued  
a)
That heaven did not exist
b)
That Earth revolved around the sun
c)
Against the law of gravity
d)
That the sun revolved around the Earth
75.
What was Isaac Newton’s biggest contribution to the scientific revolution?  
a)
Laws of Gravity
b)
Heliocentric theory
c)
Geocentric theory 
d)
Scientific Method
76.
What did Kepler add to Copernicus’ heliocentric theory?  
a)
That Jupiter had four moons
b)
That the planets revolved around the earth 
c)
That the sun was the biggest star
d)
That the planets move in an ellipses around the sun
77.
The Enlightenment philosophers believed that the power of the government should be derived from….? 
a)
Divine-right rulers  
b)
The middle class
c)
A strong military
d)
The people
78.
Which Enlightenment philosopher argued for freedom of religion and free speech?    
a)
 Voltaire
b)
John Locke
c)
Baron de Montesquieu
d)
Rousseau
79.
Who was the Enlightenment thinker to first suggest the separation of powers & checks and balances in government?  
a)
Voltaire
b)
John Locke
c)
Baron de Montesquieu
d)
Diderot
80.
Which of the following Enlightenment thinkers wrote extensively about his belief that people were born with “natural rights” (life, liberty, property)?    
a)
Voltaire
b)
John Locke
c)
Baron de Montesquieu
d)
Diderot
81.
The Scientific Method was created by which of the following?    
a)
Sir Francis Bacon
b)
Galileo Galilei
c)
Johannes Kepler
d)
Tycho Brahe
82.
Who were the two astronomers that helped explain that the Earth and other planets move around the Sun separately?    
a)
Diderot and Voltaire
b)
Brahe and Kepler
c)
Newton and Decartes
d)
 Montesquieu and Rousseau
83.
Scientist began using _____________ and _______________ instead of placing their beliefs in faith.
a)
History and faith
b)
Math and Science
c)
Math and History
d)
reason and logic
84.
Bacon, Galileo, & Newton promoted the idea that knowledge should be based on experimentation & ________.
a)
observation
b)
guessing
c)
research
d)
what your friends say
85.
Tsarina Catherine the Great built schools, hospitals, and promoted women's education. Historians categorize Catherine the Great as an:
a)
Enlightened Despot
b)
Bourgeoisie
c)
Capitalist
d)
Communist
86.
The act of an entire population giving up certain natural rights and transferring them to someone else is also known as a...
a)
Declaration of Independence
b)
Social Contract
c)
Rationalism
d)
Heliocentric Theory
87.
Philosophe Matching: This Englishman believed men were naturally wicked and evil, and the men needed a monarch to make decisions for them. 
a)
Rousseau
b)
Montesquieu
c)
Hobbes 
d)
Locke
88.
Philosophe Matching: French author of Candide, he fought for religious tolerance and freedom of speech. He had to leave France because of his writings. 
a)
Montesquieu
b)
Voltaire
c)
Hobbes
d)
Locke
89.
This Enlightenment thinker changed the way we got information and helped spread ideas.
a)
Guttenberg
b)
Diderot
c)
Hobbes
d)
Rousseau
90.
Huge influence on economics, a firm believer in capitalism and the invisible hand that guides the economy
a)
Adam Smith
b)
Denis Diderot
c)
John Locke
d)
Sir Isaac Newton
91.
Wrote the declaration of the rights of woman, fought for women's voice in government.
a)
Olympe de Gouges
b)
Sir Isaac Newton
c)
Thomas Jefferson
d)
Baron de Montesquieu
92.
Extremely influential in the fields of science and math, visible spectrum, laws of physics…
a)
Thomas Jefferson
b)
Baron de Montesquieu
c)
Sir Isaac Newton
d)
Sir Francis Bacon
93.
Math work influenced Isaac Newton, Promoted the use of human reason to deduct the truth
a)
Adam Smith
b)
Immanuel Kant
c)
Denis Diderot
d)
Rene Descartes
94.
Which of the following was a reason why France was nearly bankrupt?
a)
The king lowered taxes 
b)
The king took their money to create jobs
c)
The king spent the taxes on wars and himself
d)
They had fought against the Americans in the revolution
95.
What did the National Assembly promise to do in the Tennis Court Oath?
a)
To execute the king
b)
To write a new constitution
c)
To stage a Coup d'etat
d)
To make France independent
96.
Which event is considered the beginning of the French Revolution?
a)
Napoleon's Coup d'etat
b)
The formation of the Committee of Public Safety
c)
Storming of the Bastille
d)
The Reign of Terro
97.
Which event is considered the end of the French Revolution?
a)
The Reign of Terror
b)
Meeting of the Estates General
c)
Storming of the Bastille
d)
Napoleon's Coup d'etat
98.
What is the name of the document passed by the National Assembly?
a)
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizens
b)
US Constituion
c)
Tennis Court Oath
d)
English Bill of Rights
99.
When the National Assembly passed a new constitution for France, France became a _____________.
a)
Republic
b)
Constitutional Monarchy
c)
Absolute Monarchy
d)
Dicatorship
100.
Which of the following is a result of the French Revolution?
a)
The middle class and peasants gained political power
b)
The King was restored to his throne
c)
France became an unlimited government
d)
The Church dominated government
101.
What is the name of the five person council that was set up following the end of the Committee for Public Safety?
a)
The National Assembly
b)
The Directory
c)
The Napoleonic Code
d)
Estates General
102.
radicals outside the government who pushed it to become more radical; were named because of the type of pants that they wore
a)
Emigres
b)
Sans-culottes
c)
Bourgeoisie
d)
Workers
103.
King of France when the French Revolution broke out
a)
Louis XVI
b)
Louis XVIII
c)
Napoleon
d)
None of these
104.
initial period of terror that spread from Paris throughout France that King Louis would use foreign troops to regain his throne; included the storming of the Bastille
a)
Reign of Terror
b)
Great Fear
c)
Reign of Fear
d)
Great Terror
105.
Napoleon's attempted naval blockade of the European continent, meant to keep Britain isolated, was called
a)
Neuveau System
b)
Britain Isolated System
c)
French System
d)
Continental System
106.
effective Russian strategy used against Napoleon and the invading French army; strategic retreat where everything is burned so the invaders can't live off the land
a)
scorched-earth policy
b)
burned-earth policy
c)
burned-earth strategy
d)
scorched-earth strategy
107.
Napoleon's final defeat in June of 1815
a)
Battle of Moscow
b)
Battle of Paris
c)
Battle of Trafalgar
d)
Battle of Waterloo
108.
Napoleon made which of the following reforms in France after he became Emperor?
a)
Napoleonic Code
b)
new tax collection method
c)
set up public schools
d)
all of these
109.
How did Robespierre and the Committee of Public Safety try to create a "republic of virtue"
a)
created a new calendar that had 10 days in a week
b)
renamed the months
c)
eliminated Sundays
d)
all of these
110.
One early event of the French Revolution that cost revolutionaries a lot of popular support was
a)
the restrictions put on the Catholic Church; church leaders are elected
b)
gave power back to the 1st and 2nd Estates
c)
3rd Estate population was targeted for execution
d)
Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette are allowed to stay at Versailles throughout the Revolution
111.
What did Napoleon do in 1804 after winning major Military Battles with the full support of the French people?
a)
Married his third Wife
b)
Cut all ties with the Roman Catholic Church
c)
Crowned himself Emperor of France
d)
Invaded Russia
112.
This allowed religious freedom within France. 
a)
Concordat of 1801
b)
Napoleonic Code
c)
Continental System 
d)
Declaration of the Rights of Man
113.
Napoleon replaced Monarchs of the countries he took over with
a)
Enlightened Philosophes
b)
Family Members
c)
Parliaments
d)
Soldiers from his Grand Army