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Heredity Test unit 5

Total questions: 35

Worksheet time: 35mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The form of a gene that is always expressed if present is the ____________ form.

a)

recessive

b)

dominant

c)

homologous

d)

heterozygous

2.

Two heterozygous purple-flowering pea plants are crossed. If purple is dominant over white , what are the expected phenotypic results?

a)

100% purple

b)

75% purple, 25% white

c)

50% purple, 50% white

d)

25% purple, 75% white

3.

What law BEST explains why an organism with "Tt" will show only the dominant phenotype?

a)

Law of Dominance

b)

Law of Segregation

c)

Law of Independent Assortment

d)

Chromosome Theory of Inheritance

4.

If an organism inherits one dominant allele and one recessive allele for eye color, their genotype would be:

a)

haploid

b)

homozygous

c)

heterozygous

d)

homologous

5.

Two parents have the genotype Gg for a genetic disorder caused by a recessive allele. What is the chance that any of their children will inherit the disorder?

a)

25%

b)

50%

c)

75%

d)

100%

6.

Which Mendelian law of inheritance states that organisms inherit two copies of each gene and donate one copy to each of their offspring?

a)

Law of Dominance

b)

Law of Segregation

c)

Law of Independent Assortment

d)

Chromosome Theory of Inheritance

7.

In pigs, the allele for a wavy, rough coat (R) is dominant to the allele for a soft, fine coat (r). A rough coat boar and a soft coat sow mate. They produce several litters, 50% are rough coat and 50% are smooth coat. What must be the genotypes of the parents to create this phenotypic ratio?

a)

RR x rr

b)

Rr x rr

c)

RR x Rr

d)

Rr x Rr

8.

Imagine two heterozygous parents. Each has a dominant allele (B) for brown eyes and a recessive allele (b) for blue eyes. What would the genotypic ratio of the offspring be?

a)

100% Bb

b)

50% BB, 50% Bb

c)

25% BB, 50% Bb, 25% bb

d)

50% Bb, 50% bb

9.

Identify the following genotypes as homozygous or heterozygous: TT

a)

homozygous

b)

heterozygous

10.

Identify the following genotypes as homozygous or heterozygous: Tt

a)

homozygous

b)

heterozygous

11.

Identify the following genotypes as homozygous or heterozygous: tt

a)

homozygous

b)

heterozygous

12.

If square is dominant over round, what are the phenotypes for the following:

SS, Ss, and ss

a)

round, round, square

b)

round, square, round

c)

square, square, square

d)

square, square, round

13.

For an XX female to express a recessive sex-linked trait, she must have ______. ​ ​

a)

a Y chromosome

b)

one recessive allele

c)

two recessive alleles

d)

two dominant alleles

14.

Human height occurs in a continuous range because it is affected by the intereaction of many genes, making it a(n)....

a)

autosomal trait

b)

sex-linked trait

c)

polygenic trait

d)

codominant trait

15.

Red hair and freckles are commonly inherited together. Which of the following patterns of inheritance explains this?

a)

Linked genes

b)

multiple alleles

c)

sex-linked

d)

codominance

16.

Which pair of genes in the diagram to the right would be most likely to be inherited together?

a)

A and B

b)

A and C

c)

C and D

d)

D and E

17.

In a newly discovered species of flower, it was discovered that the color of the flowers is determined by two different genes. Which of the following inheritance patters is this?

a)

Multiple alleles

b)

Incomplete dominance

c)

Linked genes

d)

Polygenic inheritance

18.

Identify the type of inheritance pattern: A cross between a purebred animal with red hairs and a purebred animal with white hairs produces all animals with BOTH red and white hairs.

a)

codominance

b)

sex-linked

c)

incomplete dominance

d)

polygenic

19.

Identify the type of inheritance pattern: In a cross between individuals of a species of tropical fish, all of the male offspring have long tail fins, and none of the females possess the trait.

a)

polygenic

b)

sex-linked

c)

incomplete dominance

d)

codominance

20.

Identify the type of inheritance pattern: A cross between a white horse and a chestnut (dark brown) horse produces all light brown horses.

a)

codominance

b)

polygenic

c)

incomplete dominance

d)

sex-linked

21.

Identify the type of inheritance pattern: A cross between a tall sunflower adn a short sunflower results in sunflowers with a range in heights.

a)

codominance

b)

sex-linked

c)

incomplete dominance

d)

polygenic

22.

Mutations can be caused by all of the following except ____________.

a)

viruses

b)

global warming

c)

chemicals

d)

mistakes

23.

In order for a mutation to be passed on from parent to offspring, the mutation must occur in .....

a)

somatic cells

b)

gametes

c)

brain cells

d)

any cell of the body

24.

On a pedigree, how would a female individual with a disease be notated?

a)

as a shaded circle

b)

as an unshaded circle

c)

as a shaded square

d)

as an unshaded square

25.

If a mutation only changes the nucleotide sequence for a single protein, then it is known as a .......

a)

gene mutation

b)

chromosomal mutation

c)

translocation

d)

nondisjunction

26.

What kind of mutation occurred in the sex chromosome of an individual with the genotype XXY?

a)

Nucleotide deletion

b)

translocation

c)

nucleotide insertion

d)

nondisjunction

27.

How would you categorize a genetic disorder that is equally likely in males and females and is caused by the presence of two affected alleles?

a)

autosomal recessive disorder

b)

sex-linked disorder

c)

autosomal dominant disorder

d)

sex chromosome disorder

28.

Nondisjunction of autosomal chromosomes, such as chromosome number 21, can result in disorders like......

a)

Down syndrome

b)

Klinefelter's syndrome

c)

Turner's syndrome

d)

Sickle-cell anemia

29.

When getting an X-ray taken at the doctor's office, you notice the technician cover you with a heavy vest. This vest, you are told, contains lead, a metal that can block X-rays, which are a form of radiation. The technician covers your torso, and folds the vest over double across your reproductive organs (testes/ovaries). This is done because radiation can damage the DNA of these organs, causing a mutation you may pass to children. Substances like radiation and other certain chemicals are known as mutagens because....

a)

they cause cancer

b)

they cause mutations in the sequence of DNA

c)

they generate muteness

d)

they damage proteins, which then changes the sequence of DNA

30.

Selective breeding produces.....

a)

more offspring

b)

less offspring

c)

transgenic offspring

d)

desired traits in offspring

31.

The goal of the Human Genome Project was to.....

a)

create maps showing where genes are located on human chromosomes

b)

create maps showing where chromosomes are located on human genes

c)

treat patients with genetic diseases

d)

identify people with genetic diseases

32.

A technique that allows engineers to artificially amplify a section of DNA by copying it over and over again in a lab is known as ___________.

a)

Polymerase chain reaction

b)

personal genome sequencing

c)

recombinant DNA

d)

Gene therapy

33.

During interphase a cell grows, duplicates organelles, and ...

a)

copies DNA

b)

divides the cytoplasm

c)

divides the nucleus

d)

produces a new cell

34.

Two chromosomes containing the same types of genes that you inherit from your parents (one from mom and one from dad) are called ____________.

a)

homologous chromosomes

b)

sex chromosomes

c)

sister chromatids

d)

homozygous alleles

35.

Which process is illustrated by the diagram?

a)

crossing-over

b)

nondisjunction

c)

sex-determination

d)

independent assortment