Mrs. Benson is considered one of the best math teachers at Lincoln Middle School. Her students say that she is good at helping them learn new concepts and that she gives them strategies for overcoming the difficulties they experience. They say that she is a challenging teacher but she knows how to help students succeed. Which type of knowledge is Mrs. Benson using to help her students learn?

Travis's teacher is teaching his class about World War II. Travis is learning places, dates, and important events about the war. What type of memory is this?

Rhett is studying for his chemistry exam by repeating the periodic table to himself over and over again. Rhett is demonstrating which of the following?

Mrs. Clarke, a kindergarten teacher, is preparing for the beginning of the school year. She is putting up bright-colored paintings, drawings, and banners on the walls of her classroom. She also has bright, plastic tablecloths on the tables and bright painted baskets with each student's name on them. Much to her dismay, when the students begin school, she finds it difficult to get them to listen to her. From the perspective of memory, Mrs. Clarke having trouble with her students because the bright colors are:

Karen learned to play the guitar two years ago. Now, when she plays chords and notes on the instrument, she hardly looks at it. She is also able to sing and play at the same time. This scenario best exemplifies the concept of:

If Natalie engages easily in low-road transfer, which of the following is true?

If Natalie engages in forward-reaching transfer, which of the following is true?

Corinna is intimidated by her partner in a physics assignment, Jamal. Jamal easily transfers scientific principles to new situations, while for Corinna, it is a tedious and taxing process. Which of the following best captures the problem she is experiencing?

Rhianna and her classmates have been assigned a project that involves concept mapping their favorite holidays and the activities they enjoy during those holidays. Which of the following best depicts the final outcome of this exercise?

Ms. Jackson divides his class into multiple groups. Ms. Jackson gives each group of students a box of items that includes dolls, crayons, pencils, rulers, erasers, books, and glue. She then asks students to work together and select those items that belong to the category of toys. What has Ms. Jackson asked her students to do?

Mrs. Tanner introduced a cooperative learning activity during the second week of school to give students an opportunity to interact. Although she expected the students to enjoy the activity, she observed a great amount of frustration and dissent among the groups. What mistake did Mrs. Tanner most likely make in this scenario?

Mrs. Leland has noticed some of the groups get into trouble during cooperative learning. She has noticeably winced after seeing students engaging in name-calling, refusing to work together, and remaining isolated from the rest of the group. Which team-building tip should be the first and most appropriate for Mrs. Leland to follow?

Reece, Linda, Alex, and Carmen have been assigned to the same group. Alex has been assigned the role of "recorder" in his history class. Which of the following should he be seen doing?

Ms. Lilah's class is balking at the idea of some students being assigned as group leaders. They feel it is unfair and that some students will be likely to go on a "power trip." What would be a way to help students see the importance of having group leaders?

During their initial planning session, Michelle's group is dividing up work regarding who will work on which of the Civil War leaders. Trent will study Robert E. Lee, Skye will study Ulysses Grant, Lionel will focus on Abraham Lincoln, and Lisa will complete the puzzle by studying Jefferson Davis. Then they will come back and share what they learned with each other. Without knowing anything else, which cooperative learning method do you think this sounds most like?

While Laticia enjoys getting together with her friends for tutoring, she is frustrated with her teacher, Mr. Hoffman, because of a recent strategy he has started using that Laticia believes is not effective. Which of the following strategies would Mr. Hoffman have started using that would allow Laticia to make a valid complaint?

On Fridays, sixth-grade students help kindergarteners with reading, math, and other subjects. Some students provide one-on-one tutoring, while others read aloud to small groups and assist with work in small "centers." This is an example of which of the following?

After meeting a colleague after school, Marta ponders about the best way to get her students actively involved in questioning. She is creating a lesson plan that centers on the importance of responding to world hunger and is unsure how to develop it. In response to Marta's pondering, what might be a constructivist strategy offered by her colleague?

Miss Brazelton begins her social studies discussion with an introduction that emphasizes the importance of understanding McCarthyism as an important historical event within the larger human story. Which social science theme does this best refer to?

Mr. Grammatica makes a pointed effort to gauge students' prior knowledge on how to calculate percentages. He observes that many a times students' hold on to prior strategies despite their inaccuracy. So, on the first day of class, he passes around a worksheet to gauge their understanding. Which effective strategy of mathematics instruction is Mr. Grammatica focusing on?

Lydia's writing performance has significantly improved since her friend Cecile shared advice on how she approaches writing assignments. When Cecile receives a writing assignment, she first estimates how long it will take to complete the assignment. Then she sketches out a brief outline of the elements she wants to include before beginning the actual writing. Which strategy of the cognitive approach to writing does Cecile suggest?

While faculty members at Southwood Elementary fully endorse effective reading instruction methods, they sincerely believe that the parents of their children should and can be active participants in reading instruction. Therefore, strategies geared at parent literacy are the main components of the school improvement plan. Which approach to reading does this relate to?

Students have just arrived in class, and the teacher has written the week's reading assignment on the board. Students are to read one section of The Post each day and develop a personal reaction paper to world events. Which approach to reading does this relate to?

To ensure teachers are attending to instructional planning issues, the administration at Westwood Middle decides to take a more proactive stance on the issue. Which of the following has been cited as a strategy to ensure such planning?

Mrs. Garcia takes time over her coffee to examine her dinosaur activity. She checks over lesson instructions and the 3-D exhibit setup time and decides to get a feel of students' reception to dinosaur information when she gets to school. Which level of planning is she engaging in?

Mr. Li is conducting a type of planning that covers about a month of time in the classroom. He outlines his activities and content and develops realistic time schedules. At which time span of planning is Mr. Li working?

Ms. Little teaches through direct instruction. When visiting her classroom, which of the following activities would you be least likely to witness?

. If Ms. Johnson tries to engage in the task analysis of her history lesson plan, which of the following is the first step recommended?

Which of the following teachers is utilizing discovery learning?

Ronald Feldman sits down with his faculty mentor to share his beliefs about students' learning. During their discussion, Ronald emphasizes putting students into groups and other social contexts. He feels students will learn through their interactions and the relationships that are built as a result of this will nurture students' sense of self-esteem and sense of belonging. Which learner-centered principle has Ronald really touched on?

Ryan Stiller is interviewing for a faculty position at Ridgebrook High. The assistant principal asks him to state his approach to students' learning. Ryan shares his views on helping students to set realistic learning goals and engage in effective learning strategies and on teaching them to monitor their learning progress. Which learner-centered principle has Ryan really touched on?

Jillian comes home from school and tells her mom she needs a computer. There are computers in her classroom, and today the class discussed how important it is for kids to know about computers when they get older. Which of the following best captures Jillian's concern?

John is motivated by the need to excel. He enjoys the feeling of accomplishment he gets from mastering a task. Therefore, he doesn't understand his sister's apathy toward school. The only way she is motivated to do anything is by the teacher offering the students endless toys and trinkets for good work. Which motivational perspective does John subscribe to?

Mr. Leeland, a school principal, is sitting down with the school's new third-grade teacher. The two are discussing the best way to motivate students in today's classrooms. Mr. Leeland stresses getting students inherently interested in the content matter and giving them the confidence to succeed. What motivational perspective does Mr. Leeland subscribe to?

John feels guilty because he didn't bother to study for a science test, and as a result, he did very poorly. In this example, John's poor performance was because of:

Chase believes that his English instructor disliked a recent essay because the teacher disagreed with Chase's point of view. This view best represents a combination of which of the following causal attributions?

ack Randall has just been assigned to Riverview High. While he is excited about teaching, he is concerned about his ability to teach effectively given that the school serves primarily low-income, inner-city families. What valid concern might Jack be experiencing?

Ms. Nightingale notices one of her students, Isabelle, has been staring out the window more than remaining on task. Isabelle is new to the school, and Ms. Nightingale wonders if she feels out of place and disconnected from her friends and family back in Spain. Which of the following most readily explains Isabelle's apathy?

Sam is a student who engages in numerous behaviors in order to protect how others rate his ability. Which of the following would not be an appropriate strategy to help Sam?

A student studying hard for a test in order to obtain a good grade in a course is a typical example of intrinsic motivation.

For individuals who have a helpless orientation, skill development and self-efficacy take a backseat to winning.

In the context of social motives, researchers have found that students who display socially competent behavior are more likely to excel academically than those who do not.

In the context of direct instruction, the less academic learning time students experience, the more likely they are to learn the material and achieve high standards.

If a teacher plans effectively, he or she need not keep all the details of each lesson in mind all of the time; thus the teacher is free to focus on dialogue and immediate interactions.

Many parents of at-risk students have their own reading difficulties as well as difficulties in obtaining books.

A principle involved in cognitive approaches to reading is that students' prior knowledge about a topic is related to what they remember from reading about the topic and their ability to make correct inferences about the material they read.

When assigning children to groups, it is best to have approximately an equal number of boys and girls.

Individuals who are competent at solving problems are usually afraid of making mistakes.

A metacognitive activity occurs when students use self-awareness to adapt and manage strategies during actual problem solving and thinking.