SMK merupakan pendidikan menengah vokasi yang dianggap sebagai pencipta sumber daya manusia terampil dan bermutu, masih harus menghadapi rentetan panjang persoalan. Idealnya, sekolah menengah kejuruan (SMK) didesain untuk menciptakan lulusan yang siap masuk dunia kerja dengan kemampuan teknis yang mereka miliki. Sementara, SMK justru tercatat sebagai salah satu penyumbang pengangguran tertinggi.

Berdasarkan data Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) tahun 2019, tingkat pengangguran terbuka (TPT) selama lima tahun terakhir mengalami penurunan 0,90 persen. Namun, jika dilihat dari pendidikan yang ditamatkan, tenaga kerja yang tidak terserap pasar kerja paling tinggi justru dari lulusan SMK. Pada Agustus 2019, TPT lulusan SMK sebesar 10,42 persen turun 0,82 persen dari tahun sebelumnya (11,24 persen). Persentase itu cukup berjarak dengan TPT SMA (7,92 persen). Sementara secara kuantitas, jumlah lulusan siswa SMK tahun ajaran 2018/2019 sekitar 1,4 juta, berada di bawah lulusan SMA yang sekitar 1,5 juta.

Pengangguran lulusan SMK ini menjadi pekerjaan rumah dunia pendidikan, mengingat saat ini ekonomi Indonesia ditopang oleh sektor industri dengan kontribusi terhadap perekonomian nasional hampir 20 persen. Semestinya, lulusan SMK banyak diserap di sektor industri manufaktur ini.

Sementara itu, pemerintah kini kian gencar menambah jumlah SMK untuk menjawab kebutuhan era industri keempat. Beberapa strategi digunakan pemerintah untuk memenuhi tantangan itu. Pemerintah membekukan penambahan SMA, membuka SMK baru, dan bahkan mengonversi SMA menjadi SMK. Strategi tersebut membuahkan hasil jumlah SMK dan siswa SMK semakin meningkat.

2. Berdasarkan paragraf 1, manakah di bawah ini pernyataan yang BENAR?

SMK merupakan pendidikan menengah vokasi yang dianggap sebagai pencipta sumber daya manusia terampil dan bermutu, masih harus menghadapi rentetan panjang persoalan. Idealnya, sekolah menengah kejuruan (SMK) didesain untuk menciptakan lulusan yang siap masuk dunia kerja dengan kemampuan teknis yang mereka miliki. Sementara, SMK justru tercatat sebagai salah satu penyumbang pengangguran tertinggi.

Berdasarkan data Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) tahun 2019, tingkat pengangguran terbuka (TPT) selama lima tahun terakhir mengalami penurunan 0,90 persen. Namun, jika dilihat dari pendidikan yang ditamatkan, tenaga kerja yang tidak terserap pasar kerja paling tinggi justru dari lulusan SMK. Pada Agustus 2019, TPT lulusan SMK sebesar 10,42 persen turun 0,82 persen dari tahun sebelumnya (11,24 persen). Persentase itu cukup berjarak dengan TPT SMA (7,92 persen). Sementara secara kuantitas, jumlah lulusan siswa SMK tahun ajaran 2018/2019 sekitar 1,4 juta, berada di bawah lulusan SMA yang sekitar 1,5 juta.

Pengangguran lulusan SMK ini menjadi pekerjaan rumah dunia pendidikan, mengingat saat ini ekonomi Indonesia ditopang oleh sektor industri dengan kontribusi terhadap perekonomian nasional hampir 20 persen. Semestinya, lulusan SMK banyak diserap di sektor industri manufaktur ini.

Sementara itu, pemerintah kini kian gencar menambah jumlah SMK untuk menjawab kebutuhan era industri keempat. Beberapa strategi digunakan pemerintah untuk memenuhi tantangan itu. Pemerintah membekukan penambahan SMA, membuka SMK baru, dan bahkan mengonversi SMA menjadi SMK. Strategi tersebut membuahkan hasil jumlah SMK dan siswa SMK semakin meningkat.

3. Berdasarkan paragraf 2, pada tahun berapa tingkat pengangguran mengalami penurunan 0,90 persen?

SMK merupakan pendidikan menengah vokasi yang dianggap sebagai pencipta sumber daya manusia terampil dan bermutu, masih harus menghadapi rentetan panjang persoalan. Idealnya, sekolah menengah kejuruan (SMK) didesain untuk menciptakan lulusan yang siap masuk dunia kerja dengan kemampuan teknis yang mereka miliki. Sementara, SMK justru tercatat sebagai salah satu penyumbang pengangguran tertinggi.

Berdasarkan data Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) tahun 2019, tingkat pengangguran terbuka (TPT) selama lima tahun terakhir mengalami penurunan 0,90 persen. Namun, jika dilihat dari pendidikan yang ditamatkan, tenaga kerja yang tidak terserap pasar kerja paling tinggi justru dari lulusan SMK. Pada Agustus 2019, TPT lulusan SMK sebesar 10,42 persen turun 0,82 persen dari tahun sebelumnya (11,24 persen). Persentase itu cukup berjarak dengan TPT SMA (7,92 persen). Sementara secara kuantitas, jumlah lulusan siswa SMK tahun ajaran 2018/2019 sekitar 1,4 juta, berada di bawah lulusan SMA yang sekitar 1,5 juta.

Pengangguran lulusan SMK ini menjadi pekerjaan rumah dunia pendidikan, mengingat saat ini ekonomi Indonesia ditopang oleh sektor industri dengan kontribusi terhadap perekonomian nasional hampir 20 persen. Semestinya, lulusan SMK banyak diserap di sektor industri manufaktur ini.

Sementara itu, pemerintah kini kian gencar menambah jumlah SMK untuk menjawab kebutuhan era industri keempat. Beberapa strategi digunakan pemerintah untuk memenuhi tantangan itu. Pemerintah membekukan penambahan SMA, membuka SMK baru, dan bahkan mengonversi SMA menjadi SMK. Strategi tersebut membuahkan hasil jumlah SMK dan siswa SMK semakin meningkat.

4. Berdasarkan paragraf 3, manakah pernyataan di bawah ini yang PALING MUNGKIN benar mengenai strategi pemerintah terhadap pendidikan SMK?

5. Jika kepala stasiun meniup peluit, kereta siap diberangkatkan. Jika ada pengumuman, kereta mengalami penundaan keberangkatan.

Saat ini, kereta berada di stasiun atau tidak ada penundaan keberangkatan. Simpulan yang paling tepat adalah.....

6. Ada lima keranjang buah-buahan dengan berat yang berbeda. Keranjang salak lebih berat daripada jambu. Keranjang manggis lebih ringan daripada jambu. Keranjang pisang lebih berat daripada apel. Keranjang jambu lebih berat daripada pisang. Keranjang apel tidak lebih ringan daripada manggis.

Keranjang buah terberat kedua adalah keranjang.....

7. Rian, Rendy, Andi, Leo dan Wildan adalah seorang atlet basket, saat akan Latihan mereka terlebih dahulu mengukur tinggi badan. Wildan mempunyai tinggi badan 185 cm setelah diukur. Tinggi badan Andi lebih tinggi 4 cm dari Rendi dan lebih tinggi 8 cm dari Rian.

Jika tinggi badan Wildan 6 cm lebih tinggi dari Rian dan Leo, Tinggi yang paling pendek adalah.....

8. Berjemur di pagi hari memberikan banyak manfaat bagi kesehataan, antara lain meredakan gejala alergi dan infeksi saluran pernapasan, serta membantu pemenuhan kebutuhan vitamin D bagi tubuh. Vitamin D berguna dalam menghindarkan tubuh dari resiko penyakit tulang. Namun demikian, paparan sinar matahari yang berlebihan juga berpotensi menyebabkan penyakit kanker kulit.

Berdasarkan informasi tersebut, manakah pernyataan beikut yang PASTI BENAR?

9. Ziko memiliki lima anak perempuan. Mereka adalah Humairoh, Aisyah, Hafsoh, Ruqoyyah, dan Fatimah. Humairoh lebih kaya dari Ruqoyyah, Aisyah lebih miskin dari Roqoyyah dan lebih kaya dari Fatimah, dan Fatimah lebih kaya dari Hafsoh. Di antara anak perempuan Ziko, siapakah yang paling kaya?

10. Dalam perjalanan menuju sekolah, lima sekawan Slamet, Joni, Anto, Rika, dan Rahma selalu berangkat bersama. Joni selalu menjemput Slamet, setelah ia dijemput oleh Anto. Rika menjadi anak terakhir yang dijemput. Sementara rumah Rahma terletak di antara rumah Joni dan rumah Anto.

Berikut ini pernyataan yang BENAR adalah.....

12.      Kebiasaan tidur dengan posisi tengkurap dianggap buruk bagi kesehatan karena dapat memberikan tekanan pada bagian punggung dan leher yang mengakibatkan nyeri. Selain itu, tidur tengkurap juga dapat menyebabkan kesemutan. Meskipun demikian, tidur tengkurap dapat membuka saluran pernapasan sehingga dapat mengurangi dengkuran.

Berdasarkan informasi tersebut, manakah pernyataan berikut yang PASTI BENAR?

13.      Apabila sudah siap panen, jeruk akan terasa empuk jika ditekan; kulitnya berwarna kuning langsat; dan jika tergores, keluar aroma wangi. Hal-hal tersebut membuat nilai jual jeruk semakin tinggi. Jika buah jeruk terasa keras jika ditekan, berwarna hijau, dan tidak mengeluarkan aroma, manakah simpulan yang BENAR?

14.      Hadiah wisata ke luar negeri diberikan oleh perusahaan Z jika pekerjanya memiliki penilaian kinerja sangat baik dua tahun berturut-turut dan dinominasikan oleh rekan kerja dan atasannya.

Pekerja C disukai oleh rekan kerjanya serta mendapatkan penilaian kinerja sangat baik tahun kemarin.

Simpulan berdasarkan informasi tersebut adalah pekerja C layak mendapat hadiah wisata ke luar negeri di perusahaan Z.

Manakah pernyataan berikut yang menggambarkan kualitas simpulan tersebut?

15. Dewasa ini pemanfaatan kendaraan yang ramah lingkungan banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat.

Dengan pemanfaatan ini, konsumsi bahan bakar minyak di masyarakat mampu mendatangkan efisiensi sebesar 20%–30% setiap tahunnya.

Berdasarkan paragraf tersebut, manakah yang PALING MUNGKIN menjadi asumsi yang mendasari argumen di atas?

16           …, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13.

Angka yang paling sesuai untuk melengkapi deret tersebut adalah ….

17. Dua dus minuman dibagikan kepada empat kelompok kerja dengan ketentuan sebagai berikut.

1.      Kelompok B mendapatkan 2 kali lebih banyak dibandingkan kelompok C.

2.      Kelompok A mendapatkan ½ bagian keseluruhan.

3.      Kelompok C dan D mendapatkan pembagian sama rata dari minuman yang tersisa.

4.      Setiap dus berisi 24 kotak minuman ringan.

Informasi yang dapat digunakan untuk mengetahui jumlah kotak minuman yang diterima oleh kelompok A adalah ….

18. Berikut ini adalah data pengunjung dua fasilitas umum, yaitu perpustakaan dan museum, pada bulan Januari 2022 dari hari Senin sampai dengan Jumat.

Berdasarkan data tersebut, jumlah pengunjung terendah kedua fasilitas tersebut terjadi pada hari ….

19. Barisan 1,2,y,⋯merupakan barisan geometri.

Nilai 6−y adalah...

20. Barisan 1,2,y,⋯ merupakan barisan geometri. Jumlah lima suku pertama ditambah satu sama dengan 1/4 kali suku...

21. Barisan 1,2,y,⋯ merupakan barisan geometri.

Jika 3,75 merupakan rata-rata n suku pertama barisan tersebut, maka nilai n� adalah...

22. Barisan −2,p,q,−23,⋯ merupakan barisan aritmetika.

Nilai p−q adalah...

23. Barisan −2,p,q,−23,⋯ merupakan barisan aritmetika.

Jumlah suku ke-77 dan suku ke-88 barisan tersebut sama dengan jumlah suku ke-10 dan suku...

24. Barisan −2,p,q,−23,⋯merupakan barisan aritmetika.

Rata-rata 99 suku pertama barisan tersebut adalah...

25. Barisan 14,(p−1),6,2,−2,⋯1 adalah barisan aritmetika.

Nilai p adalah...

26. Barisan 14,(p−1),6,2,−2,⋯ adalah barisan aritmetika.

Jumlah suku ke-11 dan suku... adalah empat kali suku ke-77.

27. Barisan 14,(p−1),6,2,−2,⋯ adalah barisan aritmetika.

Jika barisan baru dibentuk dengan membagi dua setiap suku barisan tersebut, maka rata-rata sepuluh suku pertama barisan yang baru adalah...

28. Fungsi g dan h didefinisikan sebagai berikut :

g(x)=2−bx dan h(x)=1−bx+x².

Grafik fungsi g memotong sumbu x di titik (1,0)(1,0).

Koordinat salah satu titik potong grafik fungsi g dan h adalah...

29. Fungsi g dan h didefinisikan sebagai berikut :

g(x)=2−bx dan h(x)=1−bx+x².

Grafik fungsi g memotong sumbu x di titik (1,0).

∫(g(x)−h(x))dx = ⋯

30. Fungsi g dan h didefinisikan sebagai berikut :

g(x)=2−bx dan h(x)=1−bx+x².Grafik fungsi g memotong sumbu x di titik (1,0).

Luas daerah yang dibatasi oleh grafik fungsi g dan h adalah...

31. Fungsi f dan g didefinisikan sebagai berikut :

f(x)=x²+x−2 dan g(x)=x+2.

Salah satu absis titik potong grafik fungsi f dan g adalah...

32. Fungsi f dan g didefinisikan sebagai berikut :

f(x)=x²+x−2 dan g(x)=x+2.

∫(g(x)−f(x))dx=⋯

33. Fungsi f dan g didefinisikan sebagai berikut :

f(x)=x²+x−2 dan g(x)=x+2.

Luas daerah yang dibatasi oleh grafik fungsi f dan g adalah...

34. Fungsi f dan g didefinisikan sebagai berikut :

f(x)=−2(x−5) dan g(x)=(x−2)²−2.

Ordinat terkecil titik potong grafik fungsi f dan g adalah...

35. Fungsi f dan g didefinisikan sebagai berikut :

f(x)=−2(x−5) dan g(x)=(x−2)²−2.

∫(g(x)−f(x))dx=⋯

36. Fungsi f dan g didefinisikan sebagai berikut :

f(x)=−2(x−5) dan g(x)=(x−2)²−2.

Luas daerah yang dibatasi oleh grafik fungsi f dan g, serta berada disebelah kanan sumbu-y adalah...(A) 703(B) 24(C) 25(D) 803(E) 27

37. Manakah pasangan (a,b) berikut yang memenuhi a−2×b+a<10 ?

(1) (8,6)

(2) (7,3)

(3) (5,4)

(4) (3,1)

38. Misalkan ⊙ dan △ menyatakan operasi penjumlahan (+), pengurangan (−), perkalian (×), atau pembagian (÷).

Jika 4 ⊙ 1 △ 3 < 8, manakah pasangan berikut yang benar untuk (⊙,△)?

(1) (+,×)

(2) (+,÷)

(3) (−,÷)

(4) (×,÷)

39. Misalkan ⊛, □, dan △ menyatakan operasi penjumlahan (+), pengurangan (−)(−), perkalian (×), atau pembagian (÷).

Jika 1 < 1 □ 2 ⊛ 4 △ 8 < 8, manakah tripel berikut yang benar untuk (□,⊛,△)?

(1) (−,+,×)

(2) (−,÷,+)

(3) (−,+,÷)

(4) (+,−,÷)

40. Jika kurva y=f(x) diperoleh dari menggeser kurva g(x)=x²−9 sejauh 55 satuan ke kanan dan 88 satuan ke atas, manakah pernyataan berikut yang benar?

(1) Titik puncak kurva f(x) di (5,−1)

(2) Garis y=−1 menyinggung kurva y=f(x)

(3) Diskriminan persamaan f(x)=0 lebih besar daripada 0

(4) f(1)=−8

41. The modern period of civil right reform in the US can be divided into several phases, each beginning with isolated. Small scale protests and ultimately resulting in the emergence of new, more militant movements, leaders and organizations. The Brown decision demonstrated that the litigation strategy of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) could undermine the legal foundations of southern segregationist practices, but the strategy worked only when blacks, acting individually or in small groups, assumed the risk associated with crossing racial barriers. Thus, even after the Supreme Court declared that public school segregation was unconstitutional, black activism was necessary to compel the federal government to implement the decision and extend its principles to all areas of public life rather than simply in schools. During the 1950s and 1960s, therefore. NAACP- sponsored legal suits and legislative lobbying were supplemented by an increasingly massive and militant social movement seeking a broad range of social changes.

Montgomery Bus Boycott and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, the initial phase of the black protest activity in the post-Brown period began on December 1, 1955 Rosa Parks of Montgomery, Alabama, refused to give up her seat to a white bus rider, thereby defying a southern custom that required blacks to give seats toward the front of buses to whites. When she was jailed, a black community boycott of the city’s buses began. The boycott lasted more than a year, demonstrating the unity and determination of black residents and inspiring blacks elsewhere

Martin Luther King, Jr., who emerged as the boycott movement’s most effective leader, possessed unique conciliatory and oratorical skills. He understood the larger significance of the boycott and quickly realized that the nonviolent tactics used by the Indian nationalist Mahatma Gandhi could be used by southern blacks. “I had come to see early that the Christian doctrine of love operating through the Gandhian method of non violence was one of the most potent weapons available to the Negro in his struggle for freedom,” he explained. Although Parks and King were members of the NAACP, the Montgomery movement led to the creation in 1957 of a new regional organization, the clergy-led Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) with King as its president.

King remained the major spokerson for black aspirations, but as in Montgomery, little-known individuals initiated most subsequent black movements. On February 1, 1960, four freshmen at North Carolina Agricultural and

Technical College began a wave of student sit-ins designed to end segregation at southern lunch counters. These protests spread rapidly throughout the South and led to the founding, in April 1960, of the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). This student-led group, even more aggressive in its use of nonviolent direct action tactics than King’s SCLC, stressed the development of autonomous local movements in contrast to SCLCs strategy of using local campaigns to achieve national civil rights reforms, (Adapted from http://www.history.com. Accessed February 12, 2014)

It is implied in the text that Martin Luther King, Jr .....

42. The modern period of civil right reform in the US can be divided into several phases, each beginning with isolated. Small scale protests and ultimately resulting in the emergence of new, more militant movements, leaders and organizations. The Brown decision demonstrated that the litigation strategy of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) could undermine the legal foundations of southern segregationist practices, but the strategy worked only when blacks, acting individually or in small groups, assumed the risk associated with crossing racial barriers. Thus, even after the Supreme Court declared that public school segregation was unconstitutional, black activism was necessary to compel the federal government to implement the decision and extend its principles to all areas of public life rather than simply in schools. During the 1950s and 1960s, therefore. NAACP- sponsored legal suits and legislative lobbying were supplemented by an increasingly massive and militant social movement seeking a broad range of social changes.

Montgomery Bus Boycott and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, the initial phase of the black protest activity in the post-Brown period began on December 1, 1955 Rosa Parks of Montgomery, Alabama, refused to give up her seat to a white bus rider, thereby defying a southern custom that required blacks to give seats toward the front of buses to whites. When she was jailed, a black community boycott of the city’s buses began. The boycott lasted more than a year, demonstrating the unity and determination of black residents and inspiring blacks elsewhere

Martin Luther King, Jr., who emerged as the boycott movement’s most effective leader, possessed unique conciliatory and oratorical skills. He understood the larger significance of the boycott and quickly realized that the nonviolent tactics used by the Indian nationalist Mahatma Gandhi could be used by southern blacks. “I had come to see early that the Christian doctrine of love operating through the Gandhian method of non violence was one of the most potent weapons available to the Negro in his struggle for freedom,” he explained. Although Parks and King were members of the NAACP, the Montgomery movement led to the creation in 1957 of a new regional organization, the clergy-led Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) with King as its president.

King remained the major spokerson for black aspirations, but as in Montgomery, little-known individuals initiated most subsequent black movements. On February 1, 1960, four freshmen at North Carolina Agricultural and

Technical College began a wave of student sit-ins designed to end segregation at southern lunch counters. These protests spread rapidly throughout the South and led to the founding, in April 1960, of the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). This student-led group, even more aggressive in its use of nonviolent direct action tactics than King’s SCLC, stressed the development of autonomous local movements in contrast to SCLCs strategy of using local campaigns to achieve national civil rights reforms, (Adapted from http://www.history.com. Accessed February 12, 2014)

Which of the following is NOT mentioned about Montgomery Bus Boycott?

43. The modern period of civil right reform in the US can be divided into several phases, each beginning with isolated. Small scale protests and ultimately resulting in the emergence of new, more militant movements, leaders and organizations. The Brown decision demonstrated that the litigation strategy of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) could undermine the legal foundations of southern segregationist practices, but the strategy worked only when blacks, acting individually or in small groups, assumed the risk associated with crossing racial barriers. Thus, even after the Supreme Court declared that public school segregation was unconstitutional, black activism was necessary to compel the federal government to implement the decision and extend its principles to all areas of public life rather than simply in schools. During the 1950s and 1960s, therefore. NAACP- sponsored legal suits and legislative lobbying were supplemented by an increasingly massive and militant social movement seeking a broad range of social changes.

Montgomery Bus Boycott and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, the initial phase of the black protest activity in the post-Brown period began on December 1, 1955 Rosa Parks of Montgomery, Alabama, refused to give up her seat to a white bus rider, thereby defying a southern custom that required blacks to give seats toward the front of buses to whites. When she was jailed, a black community boycott of the city’s buses began. The boycott lasted more than a year, demonstrating the unity and determination of black residents and inspiring blacks elsewhere

Martin Luther King, Jr., who emerged as the boycott movement’s most effective leader, possessed unique conciliatory and oratorical skills. He understood the larger significance of the boycott and quickly realized that the nonviolent tactics used by the Indian nationalist Mahatma Gandhi could be used by southern blacks. “I had come to see early that the Christian doctrine of love operating through the Gandhian method of non violence was one of the most potent weapons available to the Negro in his struggle for freedom,” he explained. Although Parks and King were members of the NAACP, the Montgomery movement led to the creation in 1957 of a new regional organization, the clergy-led Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) with King as its president.

King remained the major spokerson for black aspirations, but as in Montgomery, little-known individuals initiated most subsequent black movements. On February 1, 1960, four freshmen at North Carolina Agricultural and

Technical College began a wave of student sit-ins designed to end segregation at southern lunch counters. These protests spread rapidly throughout the South and led to the founding, in April 1960, of the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). This student-led group, even more aggressive in its use of nonviolent direct action tactics than King’s SCLC, stressed the development of autonomous local movements in contrast to SCLCs strategy of using local campaigns to achieve national civil rights reforms, (Adapted from http://www.history.com. Accessed February 12, 2014)

In which lines of the text does the author mention the purpose of black activism during the 1960s?

44. The modern period of civil right reform in the US can be divided into several phases, each beginning with isolated. Small scale protests and ultimately resulting in the emergence of new, more militant movements, leaders and organizations. The Brown decision demonstrated that the litigation strategy of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) could undermine the legal foundations of southern segregationist practices, but the strategy worked only when blacks, acting individually or in small groups, assumed the risk associated with crossing racial barriers. Thus, even after the Supreme Court declared that public school segregation was unconstitutional, black activism was necessary to compel the federal government to implement the decision and extend its principles to all areas of public life rather than simply in schools. During the 1950s and 1960s, therefore. NAACP- sponsored legal suits and legislative lobbying were supplemented by an increasingly massive and militant social movement seeking a broad range of social changes.

Montgomery Bus Boycott and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, the initial phase of the black protest activity in the post-Brown period began on December 1, 1955 Rosa Parks of Montgomery, Alabama, refused to give up her seat to a white bus rider, thereby defying a southern custom that required blacks to give seats toward the front of buses to whites. When she was jailed, a black community boycott of the city’s buses began. The boycott lasted more than a year, demonstrating the unity and determination of black residents and inspiring blacks elsewhere

Martin Luther King, Jr., who emerged as the boycott movement’s most effective leader, possessed unique conciliatory and oratorical skills. He understood the larger significance of the boycott and quickly realized that the nonviolent tactics used by the Indian nationalist Mahatma Gandhi could be used by southern blacks. “I had come to see early that the Christian doctrine of love operating through the Gandhian method of non violence was one of the most potent weapons available to the Negro in his struggle for freedom,” he explained. Although Parks and King were members of the NAACP, the Montgomery movement led to the creation in 1957 of a new regional organization, the clergy-led Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) with King as its president.

King remained the major spokerson for black aspirations, but as in Montgomery, little-known individuals initiated most subsequent black movements. On February 1, 1960, four freshmen at North Carolina Agricultural and

Technical College began a wave of student sit-ins designed to end segregation at southern lunch counters. These protests spread rapidly throughout the South and led to the founding, in April 1960, of the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). This student-led group, even more aggressive in its use of nonviolent direct action tactics than King’s SCLC, stressed the development of autonomous local movements in contrast to SCLCs strategy of using local campaigns to achieve national civil rights reforms, (Adapted from http://www.history.com. Accessed February 12, 2014)

What does the word “he” (line 19) refers to?

45. The modern period of civil right reform in the US can be divided into several phases, each beginning with isolated. Small scale protests and ultimately resulting in the emergence of new, more militant movements, leaders and organizations. The Brown decision demonstrated that the litigation strategy of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) could undermine the legal foundations of southern segregationist practices, but the strategy worked only when blacks, acting individually or in small groups, assumed the risk associated with crossing racial barriers. Thus, even after the Supreme Court declared that public school segregation was unconstitutional, black activism was necessary to compel the federal government to implement the decision and extend its principles to all areas of public life rather than simply in schools. During the 1950s and 1960s, therefore. NAACP- sponsored legal suits and legislative lobbying were supplemented by an increasingly massive and militant social movement seeking a broad range of social changes.

Montgomery Bus Boycott and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, the initial phase of the black protest activity in the post-Brown period began on December 1, 1955 Rosa Parks of Montgomery, Alabama, refused to give up her seat to a white bus rider, thereby defying a southern custom that required blacks to give seats toward the front of buses to whites. When she was jailed, a black community boycott of the city’s buses began. The boycott lasted more than a year, demonstrating the unity and determination of black residents and inspiring blacks elsewhere

Martin Luther King, Jr., who emerged as the boycott movement’s most effective leader, possessed unique conciliatory and oratorical skills. He understood the larger significance of the boycott and quickly realized that the nonviolent tactics used by the Indian nationalist Mahatma Gandhi could be used by southern blacks. “I had come to see early that the Christian doctrine of love operating through the Gandhian method of non violence was one of the most potent weapons available to the Negro in his struggle for freedom,” he explained. Although Parks and King were members of the NAACP, the Montgomery movement led to the creation in 1957 of a new regional organization, the clergy-led Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) with King as its president.

King remained the major spokerson for black aspirations, but as in Montgomery, little-known individuals initiated most subsequent black movements. On February 1, 1960, four freshmen at North Carolina Agricultural and

Technical College began a wave of student sit-ins designed to end segregation at southern lunch counters. These protests spread rapidly throughout the South and led to the founding, in April 1960, of the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). This student-led group, even more aggressive in its use of nonviolent direct action tactics than King’s SCLC, stressed the development of autonomous local movements in contrast to SCLCs strategy of using local campaigns to achieve national civil rights reforms, (Adapted from http://www.history.com. Accessed February 12, 2014)

The word “subsequent” (line 27) in is closest in the meaning to?

46. The modern period of civil right reform in the US can be divided into several phases, each beginning with isolated. Small scale protests and ultimately resulting in the emergence of new, more militant movements, leaders and organizations. The Brown decision demonstrated that the litigation strategy of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) could undermine the legal foundations of southern segregationist practices, but the strategy worked only when blacks, acting individually or in small groups, assumed the risk associated with crossing racial barriers. Thus, even after the Supreme Court declared that public school segregation was unconstitutional, black activism was necessary to compel the federal government to implement the decision and extend its principles to all areas of public life rather than simply in schools. During the 1950s and 1960s, therefore. NAACP- sponsored legal suits and legislative lobbying were supplemented by an increasingly massive and militant social movement seeking a broad range of social changes.

Montgomery Bus Boycott and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, the initial phase of the black protest activity in the post-Brown period began on December 1, 1955 Rosa Parks of Montgomery, Alabama, refused to give up her seat to a white bus rider, thereby defying a southern custom that required blacks to give seats toward the front of buses to whites. When she was jailed, a black community boycott of the city’s buses began. The boycott lasted more than a year, demonstrating the unity and determination of black residents and inspiring blacks elsewhere

Martin Luther King, Jr., who emerged as the boycott movement’s most effective leader, possessed unique conciliatory and oratorical skills. He understood the larger significance of the boycott and quickly realized that the nonviolent tactics used by the Indian nationalist Mahatma Gandhi could be used by southern blacks. “I had come to see early that the Christian doctrine of love operating through the Gandhian method of non violence was one of the most potent weapons available to the Negro in his struggle for freedom,” he explained. Although Parks and King were members of the NAACP, the Montgomery movement led to the creation in 1957 of a new regional organization, the clergy-led Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) with King as its president.

King remained the major spokerson for black aspirations, but as in Montgomery, little-known individuals initiated most subsequent black movements. On February 1, 1960, four freshmen at North Carolina Agricultural and

Technical College began a wave of student sit-ins designed to end segregation at southern lunch counters. These protests spread rapidly throughout the South and led to the founding, in April 1960, of the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). This student-led group, even more aggressive in its use of nonviolent direct action tactics than King’s SCLC, stressed the development of autonomous local movements in contrast to SCLCs strategy of using local campaigns to achieve national civil rights reforms, (Adapted from http://www.history.com. Accessed February 12, 2014)

What is the text primarily concerned with?

47. The MV Akademik Shokalskiy, a "highly ice-strengthened" Russian tour ship built in Finland in 1984 "for polar and oceanographic research, "is stranded in Antarctica's summer ice with 74 passengers and crew members aboard. The group, which includes two Guardian journalists, is retracing the harrowing 1911 Antarctic expedition led by Sir Douglas Mawson, who lost many of his team members and nearly died himself on the frigid continent a century ago. The ship's passenger include an Australian research team led by University of New South Wales Professor Chris Turney, who said in November that the voluminous data collected by Mawson 100 years ago is critical to understanding global warming. But Turney reported that blizzard-like conditions and thick ocean ice are preventing the latest expedition from leaving. "Unfortunately proceeding north we found our path blocked by ice pushed in by an increasingly strong southeasterly wind. On Christmas Eve we realized we could not get through, is spite of being just 2 nautical miles from open water, "Turney reported in his blog.

"According to reports nobody is in present danger and three nearby icebreaker are being sent to assist", said Expeditiononline.com, which books polar expedition. The ship is "stuck part-way through her Australasian Antarctic Expedition towards Mawson's Hut at Cape Denison," located about 100 nautical miles east of Dumont D'Urville, a French base on Antarctica, and 1.500 nautical miles south of Hobart in Tasmania.

Three icebreakers-China's Xue Long, Australia's Aurora Australis, and France's L'Astrolabe-have been dispatched to the scene, according to the Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA), which is coordinating the international rescue after the Falmouth Maritime Rescue Coordination Centre in the United Kingdom received a satellite distress call Chistmas morning. However, it will take the icebreakers at least two days to get to the stranded ship, which "is experiending very strong winds and limited visibility." The clesest rescue ship is not expected to get to the scene until sometime Friday night.

"While it is early winter in the Arctic, it is early summer in the Antarctic. Continuing patterns seen in recent years. Antarctic sea ice extent remains unsually high, near or above previous daily maximum values, "according to the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC).

(Taken from http://onsnews.com/news/article/barbara-holingsworth/ship-retracing-1991-antarctic-expedition- stranded-south-poles#sthash.IGAMDhzN.dpuf Accessed February 20, 2014)

What is the topic of the text above?

48. The MV Akademik Shokalskiy, a "highly ice-strengthened" Russian tour ship built in Finland in 1984 "for polar and oceanographic research, "is stranded in Antarctica's summer ice with 74 passengers and crew members aboard. The group, which includes two Guardian journalists, is retracing the harrowing 1911 Antarctic expedition led by Sir Douglas Mawson, who lost many of his team members and nearly died himself on the frigid continent a century ago. The ship's passenger include an Australian research team led by University of New South Wales Professor Chris Turney, who said in November that the voluminous data collected by Mawson 100 years ago is critical to understanding global warming. But Turney reported that blizzard-like conditions and thick ocean ice are preventing the latest expedition from leaving. "Unfortunately proceeding north we found our path blocked by ice pushed in by an increasingly strong southeasterly wind. On Christmas Eve we realized we could not get through, is spite of being just 2 nautical miles from open water, "Turney reported in his blog.

"According to reports nobody is in present danger and three nearby icebreaker are being sent to assist", said Expeditiononline.com, which books polar expedition. The ship is "stuck part-way through her Australasian Antarctic Expedition towards Mawson's Hut at Cape Denison," located about 100 nautical miles east of Dumont D'Urville, a French base on Antarctica, and 1.500 nautical miles south of Hobart in Tasmania.

Three icebreakers-China's Xue Long, Australia's Aurora Australis, and France's L'Astrolabe-have been dispatched to the scene, according to the Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA), which is coordinating the international rescue after the Falmouth Maritime Rescue Coordination Centre in the United Kingdom received a satellite distress call Chistmas morning. However, it will take the icebreakers at least two days to get to the stranded ship, which "is experiending very strong winds and limited visibility." The clesest rescue ship is not expected to get to the scene until sometime Friday night.

"While it is early winter in the Arctic, it is early summer in the Antarctic. Continuing patterns seen in recent years. Antarctic sea ice extent remains unsually high, near or above previous daily maximum values, "according to the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC).

(Taken from http://onsnews.com/news/article/barbara-holingsworth/ship-retracing-1991-antarctic-expedition- stranded-south-poles#sthash.IGAMDhzN.dpuf Accessed February 20, 2014)

It is implied in the second paragraph that ....

49. The MV Akademik Shokalskiy, a "highly ice-strengthened" Russian tour ship built in Finland in 1984 "for polar and oceanographic research, "is stranded in Antarctica's summer ice with 74 passengers and crew members aboard. The group, which includes two Guardian journalists, is retracing the harrowing 1911 Antarctic expedition led by Sir Douglas Mawson, who lost many of his team members and nearly died himself on the frigid continent a century ago. The ship's passenger include an Australian research team led by University of New South Wales Professor Chris Turney, who said in November that the voluminous data collected by Mawson 100 years ago is critical to understanding global warming. But Turney reported that blizzard-like conditions and thick ocean ice are preventing the latest expedition from leaving. "Unfortunately proceeding north we found our path blocked by ice pushed in by an increasingly strong southeasterly wind. On Christmas Eve we realized we could not get through, is spite of being just 2 nautical miles from open water, "Turney reported in his blog.

"According to reports nobody is in present danger and three nearby icebreaker are being sent to assist", said Expeditiononline.com, which books polar expedition. The ship is "stuck part-way through her Australasian Antarctic Expedition towards Mawson's Hut at Cape Denison," located about 100 nautical miles east of Dumont D'Urville, a French base on Antarctica, and 1.500 nautical miles south of Hobart in Tasmania.

Three icebreakers-China's Xue Long, Australia's Aurora Australis, and France's L'Astrolabe-have been dispatched to the scene, according to the Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA), which is coordinating the international rescue after the Falmouth Maritime Rescue Coordination Centre in the United Kingdom received a satellite distress call Chistmas morning. However, it will take the icebreakers at least two days to get to the stranded ship, which "is experiending very strong winds and limited visibility." The clesest rescue ship is not expected to get to the scene until sometime Friday night.

"While it is early winter in the Arctic, it is early summer in the Antarctic. Continuing patterns seen in recent years. Antarctic sea ice extent remains unsually high, near or above previous daily maximum values, "according to the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC).

(Taken from http://onsnews.com/news/article/barbara-holingsworth/ship-retracing-1991-antarctic-expedition- stranded-south-poles#sthash.IGAMDhzN.dpuf Accessed February 20, 2014)

Which of the following statements is NOT stated in the text?

50. The MV Akademik Shokalskiy, a "highly ice-strengthened" Russian tour ship built in Finland in 1984 "for polar and oceanographic research, "is stranded in Antarctica's summer ice with 74 passengers and crew members aboard. The group, which includes two Guardian journalists, is retracing the harrowing 1911 Antarctic expedition led by Sir Douglas Mawson, who lost many of his team members and nearly died himself on the frigid continent a century ago. The ship's passenger include an Australian research team led by University of New South Wales Professor Chris Turney, who said in November that the voluminous data collected by Mawson 100 years ago is critical to understanding global warming. But Turney reported that blizzard-like conditions and thick ocean ice are preventing the latest expedition from leaving. "Unfortunately proceeding north we found our path blocked by ice pushed in by an increasingly strong southeasterly wind. On Christmas Eve we realized we could not get through, is spite of being just 2 nautical miles from open water, "Turney reported in his blog.

"According to reports nobody is in present danger and three nearby icebreaker are being sent to assist", said Expeditiononline.com, which books polar expedition. The ship is "stuck part-way through her Australasian Antarctic Expedition towards Mawson's Hut at Cape Denison," located about 100 nautical miles east of Dumont D'Urville, a French base on Antarctica, and 1.500 nautical miles south of Hobart in Tasmania.

Three icebreakers-China's Xue Long, Australia's Aurora Australis, and France's L'Astrolabe-have been dispatched to the scene, according to the Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA), which is coordinating the international rescue after the Falmouth Maritime Rescue Coordination Centre in the United Kingdom received a satellite distress call Chistmas morning. However, it will take the icebreakers at least two days to get to the stranded ship, which "is experiending very strong winds and limited visibility." The clesest rescue ship is not expected to get to the scene until sometime Friday night.

"While it is early winter in the Arctic, it is early summer in the Antarctic. Continuing patterns seen in recent years. Antarctic sea ice extent remains unsually high, near or above previous daily maximum values, "according to the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC).

(Taken from http://onsnews.com/news/article/barbara-holingsworth/ship-retracing-1991-antarctic-expedition- stranded-south-poles#sthash.IGAMDhzN.dpuf Accessed February 20, 2014)

The purpose of the text is to ....

51. The MV Akademik Shokalskiy, a "highly ice-strengthened" Russian tour ship built in Finland in 1984 "for polar and oceanographic research, "is stranded in Antarctica's summer ice with 74 passengers and crew members aboard. The group, which includes two Guardian journalists, is retracing the harrowing 1911 Antarctic expedition led by Sir Douglas Mawson, who lost many of his team members and nearly died himself on the frigid continent a century ago. The ship's passenger include an Australian research team led by University of New South Wales Professor Chris Turney, who said in November that the voluminous data collected by Mawson 100 years ago is critical to understanding global warming. But Turney reported that blizzard-like conditions and thick ocean ice are preventing the latest expedition from leaving. "Unfortunately proceeding north we found our path blocked by ice pushed in by an increasingly strong southeasterly wind. On Christmas Eve we realized we could not get through, is spite of being just 2 nautical miles from open water, "Turney reported in his blog.

"According to reports nobody is in present danger and three nearby icebreaker are being sent to assist", said Expeditiononline.com, which books polar expedition. The ship is "stuck part-way through her Australasian Antarctic Expedition towards Mawson's Hut at Cape Denison," located about 100 nautical miles east of Dumont D'Urville, a French base on Antarctica, and 1.500 nautical miles south of Hobart in Tasmania.

Three icebreakers-China's Xue Long, Australia's Aurora Australis, and France's L'Astrolabe-have been dispatched to the scene, according to the Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA), which is coordinating the international rescue after the Falmouth Maritime Rescue Coordination Centre in the United Kingdom received a satellite distress call Chistmas morning. However, it will take the icebreakers at least two days to get to the stranded ship, which "is experiending very strong winds and limited visibility." The clesest rescue ship is not expected to get to the scene until sometime Friday night.

"While it is early winter in the Arctic, it is early summer in the Antarctic. Continuing patterns seen in recent years. Antarctic sea ice extent remains unsually high, near or above previous daily maximum values, "according to the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC).

(Taken from http://onsnews.com/news/article/barbara-holingsworth/ship-retracing-1991-antarctic-expedition- stranded-south-poles#sthash.IGAMDhzN.dpuf Accessed February 20, 2014)

The phrase “The group” (line 3) refers to ....

52. The MV Akademik Shokalskiy, a "highly ice-strengthened" Russian tour ship built in Finland in 1984 "for polar and oceanographic research, "is stranded in Antarctica's summer ice with 74 passengers and crew members aboard. The group, which includes two Guardian journalists, is retracing the harrowing 1911 Antarctic expedition led by Sir Douglas Mawson, who lost many of his team members and nearly died himself on the frigid continent a century ago. The ship's passenger include an Australian research team led by University of New South Wales Professor Chris Turney, who said in November that the voluminous data collected by Mawson 100 years ago is critical to understanding global warming. But Turney reported that blizzard-like conditions and thick ocean ice are preventing the latest expedition from leaving. "Unfortunately proceeding north we found our path blocked by ice pushed in by an increasingly strong southeasterly wind. On Christmas Eve we realized we could not get through, is spite of being just 2 nautical miles from open water, "Turney reported in his blog.

"According to reports nobody is in present danger and three nearby icebreaker are being sent to assist", said Expeditiononline.com, which books polar expedition. The ship is "stuck part-way through her Australasian Antarctic Expedition towards Mawson's Hut at Cape Denison," located about 100 nautical miles east of Dumont D'Urville, a French base on Antarctica, and 1.500 nautical miles south of Hobart in Tasmania.

Three icebreakers-China's Xue Long, Australia's Aurora Australis, and France's L'Astrolabe-have been dispatched to the scene, according to the Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA), which is coordinating the international rescue after the Falmouth Maritime Rescue Coordination Centre in the United Kingdom received a satellite distress call Chistmas morning. However, it will take the icebreakers at least two days to get to the stranded ship, which "is experiending very strong winds and limited visibility." The clesest rescue ship is not expected to get to the scene until sometime Friday night.

"While it is early winter in the Arctic, it is early summer in the Antarctic. Continuing patterns seen in recent years. Antarctic sea ice extent remains unsually high, near or above previous daily maximum values, "according to the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC).

(Taken from http://onsnews.com/news/article/barbara-holingsworth/ship-retracing-1991-antarctic-expedition- stranded-south-poles#sthash.IGAMDhzN.dpuf Accessed February 20, 2014)

Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “frigid” (Iine 5)?

53. Most of us have heard the good advice that we need to eat less sugar and rightly so. However, despite the numerous warnings by health authorities of the ill effects of sugar, the majority of the population is still consuming sugar on a daily basis in some form or other.

We do not have to consume white, refined sugar to be consuming sugar. Sugar includes glucose, fructose (as in fruit sugar), lactose (as in milk), sucrose (as in table sugar), maltose or malts (as in rice malt and honey), jam. (contains concentrated juice, which is high in fruit sugar), maple syrup, corn syrup, palm sugar (traditionally used in macrobiotic cooking), and the very deceiving organic brown sugar, which is not all that different from white sugar. Even alcohol is a sugar. All of these sugars are problematic in many different ways.

The body changes sugar into 2 to 5 times more fat in the bloodstream than it does starch. With 146 proven reasons why sugar is bad for us, is there perhaps one single reason as to why we might need it? The only interesting thing about sugar is that it tastes good and makes us temporarily feel good. This is an area worth exploring. According to Traditional Chinese Medicine, a 5000 year old wisdom of self-contained knowledge of healing, we all need sweetness in our life. We need six tastes: sweet, sour, salty, astringent, bitter and pungent to stimulate the taste buds on our tongue at main meals, in order to experience satiety.

Many people really try hard to avoid sugar, and do not sweeten their tea or coffee, yet they crave sugar in some other form, such as chocolates, cakes, ice cream or even fruit-dates and figs. Dates are 99% sugar, in the form. of fructose. When a person is in metabolic balance, they do not crave sugar. If they do, it is a sign of a metabolic imbalance and it can be corrected without having to consume sugar.

BUKI (Diadaptasi dari http://www.naturalnews.com/022692.html)

What is the author’s attitude toward the topic of the passage?

54. Most of us have heard the good advice that we need to eat less sugar and rightly so. However, despite the numerous warnings by health authorities of the ill effects of sugar, the majority of the population is still consuming sugar on a daily basis in some form or other.

We do not have to consume white, refined sugar to be consuming sugar. Sugar includes glucose, fructose (as in fruit sugar), lactose (as in milk), sucrose (as in table sugar), maltose or malts (as in rice malt and honey), jam. (contains concentrated juice, which is high in fruit sugar), maple syrup, corn syrup, palm sugar (traditionally used in macrobiotic cooking), and the very deceiving organic brown sugar, which is not all that different from white sugar. Even alcohol is a sugar. All of these sugars are problematic in many different ways.

The body changes sugar into 2 to 5 times more fat in the bloodstream than it does starch. With 146 proven reasons why sugar is bad for us, is there perhaps one single reason as to why we might need it? The only interesting thing about sugar is that it tastes good and makes us temporarily feel good. This is an area worth exploring. According to Traditional Chinese Medicine, a 5000 year old wisdom of self-contained knowledge of healing, we all need sweetness in our life. We need six tastes: sweet, sour, salty, astringent, bitter and pungent to stimulate the taste buds on our tongue at main meals, in order to experience satiety.

Many people really try hard to avoid sugar, and do not sweeten their tea or coffee, yet they crave sugar in some other form, such as chocolates, cakes, ice cream or even fruit-dates and figs. Dates are 99% sugar, in the form. of fructose. When a person is in metabolic balance, they do not crave sugar. If they do, it is a sign of a metabolic imbalance and it can be corrected without having to consume sugar.

BUKI (Diadaptasi dari http://www.naturalnews.com/022692.html)

The paragraph following the passage will likely talk about ....

55. Most of us have heard the good advice that we need to eat less sugar and rightly so. However, despite the numerous warnings by health authorities of the ill effects of sugar, the majority of the population is still consuming sugar on a daily basis in some form or other.

We do not have to consume white, refined sugar to be consuming sugar. Sugar includes glucose, fructose (as in fruit sugar), lactose (as in milk), sucrose (as in table sugar), maltose or malts (as in rice malt and honey), jam. (contains concentrated juice, which is high in fruit sugar), maple syrup, corn syrup, palm sugar (traditionally used in macrobiotic cooking), and the very deceiving organic brown sugar, which is not all that different from white sugar. Even alcohol is a sugar. All of these sugars are problematic in many different ways.

The body changes sugar into 2 to 5 times more fat in the bloodstream than it does starch. With 146 proven reasons why sugar is bad for us, is there perhaps one single reason as to why we might need it? The only interesting thing about sugar is that it tastes good and makes us temporarily feel good. This is an area worth exploring. According to Traditional Chinese Medicine, a 5000 year old wisdom of self-contained knowledge of healing, we all need sweetness in our life. We need six tastes: sweet, sour, salty, astringent, bitter and pungent to stimulate the taste buds on our tongue at main meals, in order to experience satiety.

Many people really try hard to avoid sugar, and do not sweeten their tea or coffee, yet they crave sugar in some other form, such as chocolates, cakes, ice cream or even fruit-dates and figs. Dates are 99% sugar, in the form. of fructose. When a person is in metabolic balance, they do not crave sugar. If they do, it is a sign of a metabolic imbalance and it can be corrected without having to consume sugar.

BUKI (Diadaptasi dari http://www.naturalnews.com/022692.html)

The passage can be best summarized as...

56. Most of us have heard the good advice that we need to eat less sugar and rightly so. However, despite the numerous warnings by health authorities of the ill effects of sugar, the majority of the population is still consuming sugar on a daily basis in some form or other.

We do not have to consume white, refined sugar to be consuming sugar. Sugar includes glucose, fructose (as in fruit sugar), lactose (as in milk), sucrose (as in table sugar), maltose or malts (as in rice malt and honey), jam. (contains concentrated juice, which is high in fruit sugar), maple syrup, corn syrup, palm sugar (traditionally used in macrobiotic cooking), and the very deceiving organic brown sugar, which is not all that different from white sugar. Even alcohol is a sugar. All of these sugars are problematic in many different ways.

The body changes sugar into 2 to 5 times more fat in the bloodstream than it does starch. With 146 proven reasons why sugar is bad for us, is there perhaps one single reason as to why we might need it? The only interesting thing about sugar is that it tastes good and makes us temporarily feel good. This is an area worth exploring. According to Traditional Chinese Medicine, a 5000 year old wisdom of self-contained knowledge of healing, we all need sweetness in our life. We need six tastes: sweet, sour, salty, astringent, bitter and pungent to stimulate the taste buds on our tongue at main meals, in order to experience satiety.

Many people really try hard to avoid sugar, and do not sweeten their tea or coffee, yet they crave sugar in some other form, such as chocolates, cakes, ice cream or even fruit-dates and figs. Dates are 99% sugar, in the form. of fructose. When a person is in metabolic balance, they do not crave sugar. If they do, it is a sign of a metabolic imbalance and it can be corrected without having to consume sugar.

BUKI (Diadaptasi dari http://www.naturalnews.com/022692.html)

ased on the passage, it can be hypothesized that we will feel full if ....

57. Bilangan dua angka (boleh berulang) yang lebih besar daripada 9 dibentuk dari angka 0,1,3,5,7

Berapakah dari pernyataan berikut yang bernilai benar berdasarkan informasi di atas?

1. Tidak ada satu pun bilangan yang dapat dibentuk merupakan bilangan genap.

2. Bilangan terbesar yang mungkin dibentuk merupakan bilangan genap.

3. Lima kali bilangan terkecil lebih kecil daripada bilangan terbesar yang mungkin dibentuk.

4. Faktor persekutuan terbesar dari bilangan terbesar dan terkecil yang mungkin dibentuk adalah 1.

58. Pada prisma ADE.BCF, DA=6 dan jarak E ke AD adalah 3. Berapa tinggi prisma ADE.BCF?

Putuskan apakah pernyataan (1) dan (2) berikut cukup untuk menjawab pertanyaan tersebut:

(1) Volume prisma=180

(2) AF=5

59. Pulau A, B, dan C digambarkan dalam peta di atas .

Titik-titik pada pulau menggambarkan posisi Kota A, Kota B, dan Kota C yang diberi nama pulaunya.

Persegi pada peta berukuran 1 cm ×1 cm

Berapakah dari pernyataan berikut yang bernilai benar berdasarkan informasi di atas?

A. Jarak terjauh antara dua tempat di pulau A sekitar 50 km.

B. Jarak terdekat antara garis pantai pulau A dan pulau C sekitar 10 km.

C. Ruas-ruas garis yang menghubungkan Kota A, Kota B, dan Kota C pada peta membentuk segitiga sama sisi.

D. Luas Pulau B lebih dari 10 km210 km2.

60. △ABC sama kaki dengan AB=AC. Titik E terletak di tengah ruas garis AB. Titik D dan F terletak di ruas garis AC sehingga ED⊥AC, BF⊥AC, DE=10, ∠BED=120∘.

∠ABC=⋯