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Worksheets

2023 Biology HN Review

Total questions: 225

Worksheet time: 2hrs 57mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which elements are found in carbohydrates?

a)

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen only

b)

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen only

c)

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, nitrogen only

d)

Carbon, hydrogen, sulfur only

2.

Which elements are found in proteins?

a)

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen only

b)

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sometimes sulfur

c)

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, nitrogen only

d)

Carbon, hydrogen, sulfur only

3.

Which elements are found in lipids?

a)

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and sometimes phosphorus

b)

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sometimes sulfur

c)

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, nitrogen only

d)

Carbon, hydrogen, sulfur only

4.

Which elements are found in nucleic acids?

a)

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen only

b)

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sometimes sulfur

c)

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, nitrogen only

d)

Carbon, hydrogen, sulfur only

5.

Where is energy stored?

a)

Enzymes

b)

Cells

c)

Chemical bonds

d)

Magic

6.

What macromolecule is shown here?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Lipid

c)

Protein

d)

Nucleic Acid

7.

How are excess carbohydrates stored in plants?

a)

Cellulose

b)

Glycogen

c)

Starch

d)

Chitin

8.

How are excess carbohydrates stored in animals?

a)

Cellulose

b)

Glycogen

c)

Starch

d)

Chitin

9.

The variable changed by the scientist and plotted on the x-axis of a graph is the...

a)

independent variable

b)

dependent variable

c)

control

d)

hypothesis

10.

The variable measured by the scientist and plotted on the y-axis of a graph is the...

a)

independent variable

b)

dependent variable

c)

control

d)

hypothesis

11.

Which of the following factors could slow down or stop the activity of an enzyme?

a)

hot temperature

b)

cold temperature

c)

acidic pH

d)

basic pH

12.

Which of the following is an enzyme?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

13.

Which of the following is a substrate?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

14.

What happens to energy in the graph?

a)

energy is released

b)

energy is absorbed

c)

energy is not needed

d)

energy is created

15.

What happens to energy in the graph?

a)

it is absorbed

b)

it is released

c)

it is not needed

d)

it is created

16.

Which of the following compounds is considered organic?

a)

C6H12O6

b)

HCl

c)

NaCl

d)

H2SO4

17.

Adding water to a reaction that results in the breaking down of a molecule is...

a)

dehydration synthesis

b)

hydrolysis

c)

ionization

d)

oxidation

18.

Removing water from a reaction that results in the building of a molecule is...

a)

dehydration synthesis

b)

hydrolysis

c)

ionization

d)

oxidation

19.

Which of the following is NOT a tenet of the cell theory?

a)

All living things are composed of one or more cells.

b)

Cells are the basic units of structure and function.

c)

All cells must arise from other cells.

d)

Cells must be small.

20.

Made up of many cells.

a)

Unicellular organism

b)

Multicellular organism

21.

Prokaryotic cell.

a)

Archaea

b)

Bacteria

c)

Protist

d)

Fungi

22.

Eukaryotic cell.

a)

Bacteria

b)

Archaea

c)

Fungi

d)

Protist

23.

Which of the following is NOT true about prokaryotic cells?

a)

They do not have a nucleus.

b)

They have membrane-bound organelles.

c)

They contain ribosomes.

d)

They are only unicellular organisms.

24.

The function of this organelle is to serve as the genetic control center for the cell.

a)

nucleus

b)

mitochondria

c)

cell membrane

d)

rough endoplasmic reticulum

25.

This type of cell can have multiple nuclei.

a)

animal cells

b)

bacterial cells

c)

plant cells

d)

fungal cells

26.

This structure is located inside of the nucleus and makes ribosomes.

a)

nucleolus

b)

mitochondria

c)

Golgi apparatus

d)

centrosomes

27.

This organelle has ribosomes attached to it; its primary function is protein synthesis.

a)

rough endoplasmic reticulum

b)

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

c)

nucleolus

d)

chloroplast

28.

This organelle is involved in detoxification as well as the synthesis and breakdown of lipids

a)

rough endoplasmic reticulum

b)

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

c)

nucleus

d)

Golgi apparatus

29.

This organelle collects, packages, and modifies proteins.

a)

rough endoplasmic reticulum

b)

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

c)

Golgi apparatus

d)

ribosomes

30.

These two organelles are thought to have evolved from prokaryotic cells invading other cells.

a)

mitochondria and chloroplasts

b)

mitochondria and ribosomes

c)

chloroplasts and Golgi apparatus

d)

nucleus and chloroplasts

31.

Makes energy molecules for the cell during cellular respiration.

a)

mitochondria

b)

chloroplasts

c)

nucleus

d)

ribosomes

32.

Only found in plant cells.

a)

cell wall

b)

chloroplasts

c)

ribosomes

d)

vacuoles

33.

This organelle can be free-floating in the cytoplasm or bound to the rough ER

a)

ribosomes

b)

chromosomes

c)

nucleolus

d)

cytoskeleton

34.

Regulates what enters and exits the cell.

a)

cell wall

b)

cell membrane

c)

cytoskeleton

d)

nucleus

35.

Mostly composed of cellulose in plants and chitin in fungi.

a)

cell wall

b)

cell membrane

c)

cytoskeleton

d)

cilia and flagella

36.

Simplest, least complex cell

a)

eukaryotic

b)

prokaryotic

37.

These cells are the only ones that contain lysosomes and centrosomes

a)

animal cell

b)

plant cell

c)

fungal cell

d)

bacterial cell

38.

Type of cell possessing a cell membrane.

a)

animal cell

b)

bacterial cell

c)

fungal cell

d)

plant cell

39.

Which of the following molecules does NOT compose the cell membrane?

a)

Phospholipids

b)

Cholesterol

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleic acids

40.

The function of the following is to compose the bilayer of the membrane.

a)

phospholipids

b)

cholesterol

c)

carbohydrates

d)

transport proteins

41.

The function of the following is to serve as an identification tag for cells.

a)

phospholipids

b)

carbohydrates

c)

proteins

d)

cholesterol

42.

The function of the following molecule is to move specific molecules into and out of the cell.

a)

phospholipids

b)

carbohydrates

c)

proteins

d)

cholesterol

43.

Which part of a phospholipid is hydrophilic?

a)

phosphate head

b)

fatty acid tails

44.

Which part of a phospholipid is hydrophobic?

a)

phosphate head

b)

fatty acid tails

45.

Which of the following describes the structure of the cell membrane?

a)

cell theory

b)

fluid mosaic model

c)

cell layer principle

d)

concentration gradient

46.

Which of the following refers to the cell's ability to maintain steady internal conditions?

a)

homeostasis

b)

happiness

c)

passive transport

d)

isotonic

47.

Molecules are more concentrated in one area than another.

a)

passive transport

b)

active transport

c)

concentration gradient

d)

isotonic solution

48.

Does not require energy; molecules move from high to low concentration

a)

passive transport

b)

active transport

49.

Requires energy; molecules move from low to high concentration

a)

passive transport

b)

active transport

50.

Net movement of molecules through a semi-permeable membrane from high to low concentration.

a)

diffusion

b)

osmosis

c)

endocytosis

d)

exocytosis

51.

Movement of molecules down the concentration gradient with the help of transport proteins.

a)

diffusion

b)

facilitated diffusion

c)

sodium-potassium pump

d)

active transport

52.

Movement of water molecules across a semi-permeable membrane down the concentration gradient.

a)

diffusion

b)

osmosis

c)

facilitated diffusion

d)

endocytosis

53.

Which cell types have cell walls?

a)

animals

b)

prokaryotic

c)

plants

d)

fungal

54.

A solution that contains more dissolved solute than another solution or cell.

a)

hypertonic

b)

hypotonic

c)

isotonic

55.

A solution that contains less dissolved solute than another solution or cell.

a)

hypertonic

b)

hypotonic

c)

isotonic

56.

A solution that contains the same water and solute concentration as another solution or cell.

a)

hypertonic

b)

hypotonic

c)

isotonic

57.

What will happen to an animal cell in an EXTREMELY HYPOTONIC solution?

a)

it will shrink

b)

it will swell

c)

it will swell and probably burst

d)

it will disappear

58.

What will happen to a plant cell in a hypotonic solution?

a)

it will shrink

b)

it will swell

c)

it will explode

d)

it will disappear

59.

Requires energy; molecules move from low to high concentration.

a)

passive transport

b)

active transport

60.

Three types of passive transport.

a)

diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion

b)

diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and pumps

c)

endocytosis, exocytosis, and osmosis

d)

endocytosis, exocytosis, and pumps

61.

Three types of active transport.

a)

diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion

b)

diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and pumps

c)

endocytosis, exocytosis, and osmosis

d)

endocytosis, exocytosis, and pumps

62.

Proteins transfer molecules against the concentration gradient; requires energy.

a)

pumps

b)

endocytosis

c)

exocytosis

d)

facilitated diffusion

63.

Large loads of molecules are brought into the cell via a vesicle.

a)

endocytosis

b)

exocytosis

c)

pumps

d)

facilitated diffusion

64.

Identify the following organelle.

a)

rough endoplasmic reticulum

b)

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

c)

Golgi apparatus

d)

nucleus

65.

Identify the following organelle.

a)

mitochondria

b)

chloroplasts

c)

Golgi apparatus

d)

centrosome

66.

Identify the following organelle.

a)

endoplasmic reticulum

b)

nucleus

c)

Golgi apparatus

d)

centrosome

67.

Identify the following organelle.

a)

cell wall

b)

chloroplast

c)

central vacuole

d)

lysosome

68.

Which organelle stores food, water and waste for the cell?

a)

vacuole

b)

golgi body

c)

lysosome

d)

mitochondria

69.

What is the stiff wall that surrounds and protects the plant cell called?

a)

cell membrane

b)

cell wall

c)

nuclear membrane

d)

cytoplasm

70.

Which organelle directs all of the cell's activities including reproduction?

a)

Nucleolus

b)

Nucleus

c)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

d)

Mitochondria

71.

In a cell, what are the passageways that detoxify & make and break down lipids?

a)

golgi body

b)

ribosomes

c)

rough endoplasmic reticulum

d)

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

72.

Which organelle is used for storage & transport of many different substances, including waste, nutrients, & proteins?

a)

lysosomes

b)

vesicle

c)

nucleus

d)

golgi body

73.

What organelle controls what substances enter and leave the nucleus?

a)

cell membrane

b)

nuclear membrane

c)

cell wall

d)

vacuole

74.

Which organelle captures energy from the sun and uses it to produce food for the plant cell?

a)

cytoplasm

b)

centrioles

c)

chloroplast

d)

chromosome

75.

Which organelle is double rod structures that hold DNA?

a)

chromosomes

b)

centrioles

c)

mitochondria

d)

golgi body

76.

Which organelle works like a factory to produce proteins?

a)

lysosomes

b)

ribosomes

c)

centrioles

d)

mitochondria

77.

What is the gel-like fluid in which many different organelles are found?

a)

cytoplasm

b)

centriole

c)

chloroplast

d)

chromosomes

78.

What is the function of the golgi body?

a)

sends materials to different parts of and outside the cell

b)

stores food, water and waste

c)

breaks down food and worn out cell parts

d)

manufactures ribosomes

79.

Which organelle receives materials and sends them to other parts of the cell?

a)

golgi body

b)

endoplasmic reticulum

c)

mitochondria

d)

ribosomes

80.

What separates the chromatin during cell division?

a)

spindle

b)

nucleus

c)

chloroplast

d)

vacuole

81.

Which organelle produces energy for the cell?

a)

cytoplasm

b)

vacuole

c)

mitochondria

d)

centrioles

82.

What is the function of the lysosome?

a)

factories that produce proteins

b)

produces the cell's energy

c)

breaks down food and worn out cell partsstores food, water and waste

d)

stores food, water and waste

83.

Which organelle breaks down food particles and worn out cell parts?

a)

golgi body

b)

centrioles

c)

nucleus

d)

lysosomes

84.

What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

a)

manufacture the ribosomes

b)

double rod structures that hold DNA

c)

separate the chromatin during cell division

d)

has ribosomes & is site of protein synthesis

85.

What is the cytoplasm?

a)

a passageway that carries materials around the cell

b)

a stiff wall that surrounds and protects the cell

c)

a gel-like fluid in which many different organelles are

d)

the organelle that produces energy

86.

Which organelle protects the cell and regulates what substances enter and leave the cell?

a)

golgi body

b)

mitochondria

c)

nucleus

d)

cell membrane

87.

What is the function of the mitochondria?

a)

separate the chromatin during cell division

b)

protect the cell

c)

produce the cell's energy

d)

holds the DNA

88.

What is the purpose of the cell membrane?

a)

to make the cells energy?

b)

to carry materials around the cell

c)

to store food, water and waste

d)

to protect and regulate what enters and leaves the cell

89.

What is the function of the cell wall?

a)

to produce the cell's energy

b)

to break down food and worn out cell parts

c)

to surround and protect the plant cell

d)

to manufacture the ribosomes

90.

What is the function of the chloroplast?

a)

captures energy from the sun and uses it to produce food

b)

produces the cell's energy

c)

breaks down food particles and worn out cell parts

d)

protects & regulates what substances enter & leave the cell

91.

What is the function of the nucleus?

a)

manufactures the ribosomes

b)

directs all the cells activities including reproduction

c)

breaks down food particles and worn out cell parts

d)

gel-like fluid in which many different organelles are found

92.

What is the function of the nuclear membrane?

a)

surrounds and protects the plant cell

b)

controls what substances enter and leave the nucleus

c)

protects the cell & regulates what substances enter & leave

d)

gel like fluid in which many different organelles are found

93.

What is the function of the ribosome?

a)

manufactures ribosomes

b)

protects the cell

c)

directs the cells activities

d)

produce proteins

94.

What is the function of the chromosomes?

a)

hold DNA

b)

make energy

c)

make food

d)

store food, water and waste

95.

What is the purpose of the vacuole?

a)

to surround and protect the plant cell

b)

to capture energy from the sun and use it to produce food

c)

to store food, water and waste

d)

to receive materials from the endoplasmic reticulum

96.

What type of cell contains no nucleus or membrane bound organelles?

a)

Prokaryotic

b)

Eukaryotic

c)

animal cell

d)

plant cell

97.

What type of cell contains a true nucleus and membrane bound organelles?

a)

prokaryotic

b)

eukaryotic

c)

bacteria

d)

archaea

98.

Which types of cells go through the cell cycle?

a)

Eukaryotic Cells only

b)

Prokaryotic Cells only

c)

Both Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells

d)

Neither Eukaryotic nor Prokaryotic Cells

99.

Which is the correct order of the Cell Cycle?

a)

Mitosis, Cytokinesis, Interphase

b)

Cytokinesis, Mitosis, Interphase

c)

Cytokinesis, Interphase, Mitosis

d)

Interphase, Mitosis, Cytokinesis

100.

Which is the correct order of the phases of Interphase?

a)

G1, S, G2

b)

S, G1, G2

c)

G1, G2, S

d)

G2, S, G1

101.

Which is the correct order of the stages of Mitosis?

a)

Prophase, Anaphase, Telophase, Metaphase

b)

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

c)

Telophase, Prophase, Anaphase, Metaphase

d)

Telophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Prophase

102.

What is the very last step in the Cell Cycle?

a)

Metaphase

b)

Cytokinesis

c)

Mitosis

d)

Interphase

103.

Chromosomes become visible, nucleus breaks down, and spindle fibers appear during which phase of Mitosis?

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

104.

Chromosomes line up in the center/middle of the cell during which phase of Mitosis?

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

105.

Chromosomes are separated/pulled apart at their centromeres during which phase of Mitosis?

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

106.

Spindle fibers break down and two new nuclei begin to form at each end of the cell during which phase of Mitosis?

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

107.

Which stage is this cell in?

a)

Prophase

b)

Telophase

c)

Interphase

d)

Metaphase

108.

Which stage is this cell in?

a)

Prophase

b)

Telophase

c)

Interphase

d)

Metaphase

109.

Which stage is this cell in?

a)

Prophase

b)

Telophase

c)

Interphase

d)

Metaphase

110.

Which stage is this cell in?

a)

Prophase

b)

Telophase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Metaphase

111.

Which stage is this cell in?

a)

Prophase

b)

Telophase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Metaphase

112.

What is the ultimate source of energy for all organisms?

a)

Glucose

b)

The Sun

c)

Water

d)

Red Bull

113.

Which process allows plants to convert solar energy into food?

a)

Aerobic Cellular Respiration

b)

Fermentation

c)

Anaerobic Cellular Respiration

d)

Photosynthesis

114.

Where does photosynthesis occur?

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Ribosomes

c)

Chloroplasts

d)

Cytoplasm

115.

Sunlight + H2O + CO2 --> O2 + C6H12O6 is the equation for ________.

a)

Photosynthesis

b)

Cellular Respiration

c)

Fermentation

d)

Glycolysis

116.

What are the reactants for photosynthesis?

a)

Water

b)

Sunlight

c)

Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

d)

Oxygen (O2)

117.

What are the products of photosynthesis?

a)

Water

b)

Glucose

c)

Oxygen (O2)

d)

Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

118.

What is the first reaction of photosynthesis that requires light?

a)

Light Dependent Reaction

b)

Light Independent Reaction

c)

Dark Reaction

d)

Calvin Cycle

119.

What is the second reaction of photosynthesis that does not require light?

a)

Light Dependent Reaction

b)

Light Independent Reaction

c)

Dark Reaction

d)

Calvin Cycle

120.

What reactants are used during the light dependent reaction?

a)

Glucose

b)

Water

c)

Sunlight

d)

Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

121.

What products are made during the light dependent reaction?

a)

ATP and NADPH

b)

Water

c)

Sunlight

d)

Oxygen (O2)

122.

Where does the light dependent reaction occur?

a)

Stroma

b)

Thylakoid

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Nucleus

123.

What reactants are used during the light independent reaction?

a)

ATP and NADPH

b)

Water

c)

Sunlight

d)

Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

124.

What products are made during the light independent reaction?

a)

Glucose

b)

Water

c)

Sunlight

d)

Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

125.

Where does the light independent reaction occur?

a)

Stroma

b)

Thylakoid

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Nucleus

126.

What factors can influence the rate of photosynthesis?

a)

Temperature

b)

Amount of sunlight

c)

Amount of carbon dioxide (CO2)

d)

Amount of oxygen (O2)

127.

What is ATP?

a)

Adenosine triphosphate

b)

An energy source for cells

c)

Adenosine diphosphate

d)

Chemical energy that can be used for cellular processes

128.

How do we get energy to store as ATP?

a)

Drinking water

b)

Eating food

c)

Photosynthesis

129.

What reactants are required to make ATP?

a)

ADP + energy

b)

ADP + P

c)

ADP + P + energy

d)

P + energy

130.

ATP --> ADP is an _______________ reaction.

a)

Endergonic

b)

Exergonic

131.

How is ADP made from ATP?

a)

Breaking a bond to release energy and one phosphate group

b)

Breaking 2 bonds to release 2 phosphate groups

c)

Creating a new bond to add 1 phosphate group

d)

Creating 2 new bonds to add 2 phosphate groups

132.

ADP --> ATP is an _______________ reaction.

a)

Endergonic

b)

Exergonic

133.

Which process allows cells to produce many ATP in the presence of oxygen?

a)

Aerobic cellular respiration

b)

Anaerobic cellular respiration

c)

Fermentation

d)

Photosynthesis

134.

What reactants are needed for aerobic cellular respiration to occur?

a)

Glucose + oxygen

b)

Glucose only

c)

Glucose + CO2

d)

Oxygen + CO2

135.

What are the products of aerobic cellular respiration?

a)

CO2 + ATP

b)

Glucose + ATP

c)

Water + glucose + ATP

d)

Water + CO2 + ATP

136.

Glucose + oxygen → Water + carbon dioxide + energy is the overall reaction for _______.

a)

Anaerobic cellular respiration

b)

Fermentation

c)

Aerobic cellular respiration

137.

C6H12O6 + O2 → H2O + CO2 + ATP is the reaction for _______.

a)

Anaerobic cellular respiration

b)

Fermentation

c)

Aerobic cellular respiration

138.

What organelle produces most of the ATP during aerobic cellular respiration?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosome

c)

Golgi

d)

Mitochondria

139.

What is the correct order of aerobic cellular respiration?

a)

Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, Electron Transport Chain

b)

Electron Transport Chain, Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle

c)

Glycolysis, Electron Transport Chain, Krebs Cycle

d)

Krebs Cycle, Glycolysis, Electron Transport Chain

140.

Which of the following parts of aerobic cellular respiration are anaerobic?

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Krebs Cycle

c)

Electron Transport Chain

d)

Photosynthesis

141.

Where does glycolysis take place?

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Cytoplasm

c)

Nucleus

d)

Ribosome

142.

How many ATP are required to start glycolysis?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

143.

What are the reactants for glycolysis?

a)

Glucose

b)

2 ATP

c)

Oxygen

d)

4 ATP

144.

What are the products of glycolysis?

a)

Oxygen

b)

Carbon dioxide

c)

4 ATP (2 net)

d)

Pyruvic Acid

145.

Which of the following parts of aerobic cellular respiration are aerobic?

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Krebs Cycle

c)

Electron Transport Chain

d)

Fermentation

146.

Where do the Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport Chain take place?

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Nucleus

c)

Ribosome

d)

Cytoplasm

147.

What are the reactants for the Krebs Cycle?

a)

Oxygen

b)

Carbon dioxide

c)

Pyruvic Acid

d)

Water

148.

What are the products of the Krebs Cycle?

a)

Oxygen

b)

Carbon dioxide

c)

NADH and FADH2

d)

Water

149.

What gas do animals breathe out as a waste product of aerobic cellular respiration?

a)

Oxygen

b)

Carbon monoxide

c)

Phosphorus

d)

Carbon dioxide

150.

What are the reactants for the Electron Transport Chain?

a)

Oxygen

b)

NADH

c)

FADH2

d)

ATP

151.

What are the products of the Electron Transport Chain?

a)

34-36 ATP

b)

Water

c)

Carbon dioxide

d)

Oxygen

152.

_________ binds with hydrogen ions at the end of aerobic cellular respiration to produce __________.

a)

Water, oxygen

b)

Oxygen, water

c)

Water, carbon dioxide

d)

Carbon dioxide, water

153.

How many ATP are made during aerobic cellular respiration?

a)

100

b)

28-30

c)

36-38

d)

2

154.

Yeast and bacteria carry out anaerobic cellular respiration (fermentation) frequently.

a)

True

b)

False

155.

What is the first step of fermentation?

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Krebs Cycle

c)

Electron Transport Chain

d)

Photosynthesis

156.

How many ATP are made during anaerobic cellular respiration (fermentation)?

a)

2

b)

4

c)

36-38

d)

10-15

157.

Which of the following are reactants for both alcoholic and lactic acid fermentation?

a)

Carbon dioxide

b)

Oxygen

c)

ATP

d)

Glucose

158.

What are the products of alcoholic fermentation?

a)

Water + ATP

b)

Alcohol + 2 ATP + CO2

c)

Alcohol + CO2

d)

2 ATP only

159.

_______ is added to yeast as a food source during alcoholic fermentation (one type of anaerobic cellular respiration).

a)

Cold water

b)

Glucose (sugar)

c)

Salt

d)

Proteins

160.

What makes up the bubbles during anaerobic cellular respiration (alcoholic fermentation) in yeast?

a)

Oxygen

b)

Glucose

c)

Carbon dioxide

d)

Carbon monoxide

161.

What are the products of lactic acid fermentation?

a)

Alcohol + 2 ATP + CO2

b)

Lactic acid + 2 ATP

c)

Lactic acid only

d)

Alcohol + lactic acid

162.

This molecule is the unit of cellular energy

a)

sugar

b)

photosynthesis

c)

electrons

d)

ATP

163.

The study and flow and transformation of energy in the universe is ___________.

a)

metabolism

b)

energy

c)

thermodynamics

d)

photosynthesis

164.

Which of the following is an autotroph?

a)

insect

b)

koala

c)

algae

d)

human

165.

The ability to do work is

a)

energy

b)

energy

c)

thermodynamics

d)

metabolism

166.

The process where organic molecules broken down to release energy for the use of the cell.

a)

metabolism

b)

photosynthesis

c)

cellular respiration

d)

ATP

167.

This plant performs the following.

a)

photosynthesis

b)

cellular respiration

c)

photosynthesis and cellular respiration

d)

none of the following are correct

168.

Where do the light reactions occur in photosynthesis?

a)

mitochondria

b)

thylakoids

c)

stroma

d)

cytoplasm

169.

What are the products of photosynthesis?

a)

sugar and oxygen

b)

carbon dioxide and water

c)

light and sugar

d)

NaCl and sugar

170.

What pigment is responsible for capturing light?

a)

red

b)

green

c)

ATP

d)

chlorophyll

171.

The Calvin cycle occurs in the __________.

a)

thylakoids

b)

stroma

c)

mitochondria

d)

cytoplasm

172.

Which of the following is false regarding glycolysis?

a)

it's part of the Kreb's cycle

b)

produces ATP and NADH

c)

breaks down glucose

d)

occurs in cytoplasm

173.

Where does the electron transport chain occur in cellular respiration?

a)

matrix

b)

stroma

c)

inner membrane

d)

cytoplasm

174.

What are the waste products of cellular respiration?

a)

oxygen and sugar

b)

CO2 , water, & energy

c)

ATP and water

d)

oxygen and ATP

175.

Which of the following does NOT pertain to anaerobic respiration?

a)

lactic acid fermentation

b)

no oxygen`

c)

alcohol fermentation

d)

the presence of oxygen

176.

The Kreb's cycle occurs where?

a)

matrix of mitochondria

b)

stroma of mitochondria

c)

thylakoid of mitochondria

d)

inner membrane of mitochondria

177.

What are the flat-like sacs in the chloroplast called?

a)

thylakoids

b)

stroma

c)

matrix

d)

inner membrane

178.

All the chemical reactions in the cell

a)

cellular respiration

b)

photosynthesis

c)

ATP

d)

metabolism

179.

What's the difference between the Calvin and Kreb's cycle?

a)

there is no difference

b)

Calvin occurs in plants, Kreb's in both plants & animals

c)

Kreb's occur in plants/Calvin occurs in both plant & animal

d)

one is light, one is dark

180.

What is the waste product of the light reaction/light dependent reaction?

a)

Oxygen gas

b)

carbon dioxide

c)

ATP

d)

chlorophyll

181.

What builds up in your muscles when oxygen is lacking?

a)

Carbon dioxide

b)

oxygen

c)

alcohol

d)

lactic acid

182.

Where is the majority of the ATP being made in the cellular respiration process?

a)

Kreb cycle

b)

cytoplasm

c)

electron transport chain

d)

chloroplasts

183.

The Calvin Cycle/dark reaction ___________.

a)

is light independent

b)

requires light

c)

occurs in cytoplasts

d)

none of the above

184.

The ultimate source of energy comes from ___________.

a)

sugar

b)

ATP

c)

plants

d)

the sun

185.

The first step of photosynthesis is _________.

a)

exciting electrons

b)

Kreb's cycle

c)

absorption of light

d)

Calvin cycle

186.

photosynthesis occurs in _________.

a)

autotrophs

b)

heterotrophs

c)

autotrophs and heterotrophs

d)

none of the above

187.

Cellular respiration occurs in ___________.

a)

autotrophs

b)

heterotrophs

c)

autotrophs & heterotrophs

d)

none of the above

188.

The gel like substance in the chloroplasts is called __________.

a)

thylakoids

b)

stroma

c)

cytoplasm

d)

ATP

189.

The purpose of the Calvin cycle is to ___________.

a)

capture light

b)

produce sugar (glucose)

c)

produce ATP

d)

make chlorophyll

190.

The final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain is ________.

a)

glucose

b)

carbon dioxide

c)

oxygen

d)

ATP

191.

What part of a nucleotide is in green?

a)

Sugar

b)

Phosphate

c)

Nitrogenous base

192.

Which part of the nucleotide is NOT found on the backbone?

a)

Phosphate

b)

Sugar

c)

Nitrogenous Base

193.

This is DNA. How would you describe its shape?

a)

A twisted ladder

b)

A double spiral

c)

A double helix

d)

A single helix

194.

If a nucleotide contains deoxyribose, what is it found in?

a)

Protein

b)

DNA

c)

RNA

d)

Fructose

195.

On the inside of the DNA double helix, you find _____.

a)

Complementary base-pairing

b)

Sugar-phosphate backbone

c)

Translocations

d)

Ribosomes

196.

What is the DNA complement of ATCG?

a)

TACG

b)

UACG

c)

TAGC

d)

UAG

197.

Which base is not found in RNA?

a)

Adenine

b)

Uracil

c)

Thymine

d)

Cytosine

198.

DNA stands for _____.

a)

Dioxyribosenucleic acid

b)

Deoxyribosenucleic acid

c)

Deoxyribonucleic acid

d)

Dioxyribonucleic acid

199.

DNA is a polymer of _____.

a)

Amino acids

b)

Lipids

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleotides

200.

Kangaroos have 32 chromosomes in their liver cells. How many do they have in their skin cells?

a)

16

b)

32

c)

64

201.

An iguana would have the most DNA in common with ____.

a)

A tree

b)

An alligator

c)

A dog

d)

A worm

202.

Genes code for _____, which control all of the biological processes in an organism.

a)

Lipids

b)

Phosphate

c)

Proteins

d)

Sugars

203.

What process is this?

a)

Transcription

b)

Translation

c)

DNA Replication

d)

RNA Replication

204.

Where does this process occur?

a)

In the cytoplasm

b)

In the ribosome

c)

In the nucleus

205.

An RNA copy of a gene is known as _____.

a)

rRNA

b)

nRNA

c)

tRNA

d)

mRNA

206.

What would be transcribed from the DNA code ACC TTG ?

a)

TGG AAG

b)

TGG UUG

c)

AGG UUG

d)

UGG AAC

207.

Which transfers amino acids to the ribosomes?

a)

rRNA

b)

DNA

c)

mRNA

d)

tRNA

208.

What process is this?

a)

RNA Replication

b)

DNA Replication

c)

Translation

d)

Transcription

209.

What is the tRNA anti-codon sequence for the RNA AAU GGC?

a)

UUA CCG

b)

TTA CCG

c)

UUT CCG

d)

AAU CCG

210.

In what part of the cell does translation take place?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosome

c)

Golgi bodies

d)

Lysosome

211.

What is an alteration to an organisms DNA?

a)

Fixation

b)

Translation

c)

Mutation

d)

Summation

212.

True/False: all mutations are equally bad.

a)

True

b)

False

213.

Mutations in _____ are NOT passed down to offspring.

a)

Egg cells

b)

Sperm cells

c)

Somatic cells

214.

These all cause mutations. They are all considered to be _____.

a)

Mutaters

b)

Musketeers

c)

Mutagens

d)

Genamutes

215.

Point and frame-shift mutation are examples of a _____ mutation

a)

Gene

b)

Chromosomal

c)

Genome

d)

Translocation

216.

Humans have created a type of rice with extra nutrients by putting in a new gene. How?

a)

Gene therapy

b)

Genetic engineering

c)

Hybridization

d)

Inbreeding

217.

During the process of replication, what enzyme "unzips" the DNA?

a)

DNA polymerase

b)

RNA polymerase

c)

Primase

d)

Helicase

218.

T or F: During transcription, the entire chromosome is transcribed into a strand of RNA.

a)

True

b)

False

219.

A frame shift mutation can be caused by?

a)

inversion

b)

deletion

c)

insertion

d)

substitution

220.

What is the laboratory technique used to create copies of DNA

a)

DNA finger printing

b)

electrophoresis

c)

PCR

d)

restriction enzymes

221.

What is the laboratory technique used to separate DNA?

a)

electrophoresis

b)

finger printing

c)

PCR

d)

restriction enzymes

222.

Which enzyme is responsible for transcription?

a)

DNA Polymerase

b)

RNA Polymerase

c)

Helicase

d)

Nuclease

223.

What is the function of DNA Polymerase?

a)

Removes bases from the template strand

b)

Unzips the DNA molecule

c)

Adds complementary bases to the template strand of DNA

d)

Adds complementary bases to a strand of RNA

224.

What type of monomers are joined together by peptide bonds to form a protein?

a)

Simple Sugars

b)

Amino Acids

c)

Nucleotides

d)

Fatty Acids

225.

Nucleotides (A, T, C, G, U) and amino acids are only found in humans.

a)

True

b)

False

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