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Worksheets8th Grade Science Review V1
Total questions: 60
Worksheet time: 3600secs
Proxima Centauri is a star 4.2 light-years from Earth. Based solely on this information, which of the following conclusions can be drawn? 8.E.5.1
The diameter of this star is more than four times larger than the Sun.
Light we see from the star took more than four years to reach Earth.
This star takes a little more than four years to make one rotation.
The gravity of this star would make an object weigh four times more than on Earth.
A light-year is a reasonable unit for measuring the size of which of the following? 8.E.5.1
Asteroid
Planet
Star
Galaxy
A table of equivalent units is provided.
A star with the designation BD+42 550 in the constellation Andromeda is approximately 100 light-years from Earth. This star could also be said to be how far from our planet? 8.E.5.1
3 parsecs
100 trillion kilometers
30 parsecs
1 trillion kilometers
Which of the following is NOT a physical property commonly used by scientist to classify stars? 8.E.5.5
Apparent brightness
Absolute brightness
Temperature
State of matter
A Hertzsprung-Russell diagram is provided.
In comparison to the Sun, which of the following best describes Betelgeuse? 8.E.5.5
Smaller in diameter
Brighter and hotter
Less bright, but hotter
Cooler and brighter
Which of the following is an important property of stars, because it provides some information about the temperature of a star? 8.E.5.5
The star's name
The shape of the star
The distance to the star
The star's color
Which of the following best describes a galaxy? 8.E.5.2 & 5.3
A particle of debris in the solar system that does not act as a satellite of any planet.
A visible body of liquid or frozen crystal droplets suspended above a planetary surface
A massive system of stars, gas, dust, and dark matter bound together by gravity
The visible path of a meteoroid as it enters Earth's atmosphere
Carlos is building a model of the solar system. He needs to build the model's components with correct proportions to each other. Which of the following accurately presents the hierarchy of components, from smallest to largest, for Carlos's model? 8.E.5.2 & 5.3
Planets → solar systems → galaxies → universe
Universe → galaxies → solar systems → planets
Planets → solar systems → universes → galaxy
Solar systems → universe → galaxies → planets
Jada is working with other students, each one doing research on something in the universe. So far, the only thing that Jada knows about her topic is that these objects are relatively small and that they sometimes have a solid, rocky surface. What is Jada's research topic? 8.E.5.2 & 5.3
Planets
Galaxies
Stars
Solar systems
Which of the following is the most accurate diagram showing the forces on a planet and its resulting motion? 8.E.5.4
Which of the following aspects of the solar system contributes most to the motion of the planets? 8.E.5.4
Friction with the atmosphere
Magnetic field around the planets
Gravitational attraction of the Sun
Radiation from nearby stars
Jade is making a model of planetary motion. Jade ties a tennis ball to a string. The string passes through a spool and is attached to a 1-kilogram mass.
The mass pulls down on the string as Jade spins the tennis ball around the spool. If Jade wishes to change the model to show what would happen if the Sun had a greater gravitational pull, what change should she make? 8.E.5.4
Spin the tennis ball at an increased speed
Replace the 1-kg mass with a 2-kg mass
Tie the tennis ball with a longer string
Change the spool to a longer one
The provided graph shows data on the number of sunspots each year for several years.
Based on this information, the most reasonable prediction for the next year in which there will be a peak in the number of sunspots in which of the following? 8.E.5.6
2011
2014
2021
2024
Solar flares may be used to predict which of the following? 8.E.5.6
A decrease in the production of helium in the Sun's core
A rapid and dramatic change in the overall mass of the Sun
The depletion of all the Sun's fuel in the near future
An increase in radiation from the Sun reaching Earth
A diagram of the Sun is provided.
What label on the diagram is indicating the corona of the Sun? 8.E.5.6
A
B
C
D
Which set of characteristics is unique to the inner planets? 8.E.5.7 & 5.8
Gaseous, large
Cratered, liquid
Cool, wet
Terrestrial, small
A graph is provided.
As a general rule, which of the following characteristics of planets decreases as their distance from the Sun increases? 8.E.5.7 & 5.8
Diameter
Gravitational pull
Length of orbit
Temperature
Planets in the solar system revolve around the Sun in an orbital path and can vary from rocky and terrestrial objects to gaseous and liquid object. Which set of characteristics is unique to the outer planets? 8.E.5.7 & 5.8
Gaseous, liquid
Rocky, small
Cool, wet
Terrestrial, small
A diagram is provided.
Which of the following is most responsible for the changing of seasons on Earth? 8.E.5.9
Orbit of Earth around the Sun
Rotation of the Sun
Rotation of the Earth
Tilt of the axis of Earth
Which of the following aspects of the solar system contributes most to the motion of the planets? 8.E.5.9
Friction with the atmosphere
Magnetic field around the planets
Gravitational attraction of the Sun
Radiation from nearby stars
The space shuttle carries astronauts back and forth between Earth and the International Space Station in orbit around our planet. What feature is necessary for the space shuttle to perform its function? 8.E.5.10
It must have sufficient mass to provide gravity equal to that of Earth.
It must utilize powerful rockets to escape the pull of Earth's gravity.
It must carry enough food for the astronauts to eat for several years.
It must provide adequate space in which astronauts can float freely.
Many telescopes have been launched into orbit around Earth or sent out into deep space. What is an advantage of using these telescopes rather than an Earth-bound telescope to gather images? 8.E.5.10
Telescopes launched into space are usually smaller than the ones found on Earth.
The images are usually clearer, because they do not have to look through our atmosphere.
It is easier for scientists to make adjustments to an orbiting telescope than to a fixed telescope.
Orbiting telescopes usually last longer, because it is cold in deep space.
The portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that transmits thermal energy and is sometimes used to cook food or keep it warm is the wavelength known as which of the following? 8.E.5.11
Gamma radiation
Infrared radiation
Radio waves
X-rays
The wavelengths of light emitted by a star can provide information about a star's characteristics. Which of the following is a characteristic provided by the statement above? 8.E.5.11
Temperature of the star
Direction the Sun moves
Where the star is located in the sky
Number of planets orbiting the star
Which of the following contributed most to generate higher paying jobs, an increase in tourism, and new product development? 8.E.5.12
Hurricane and weather research
Space research and exploration
Conservation of the coast
Fish and wildlife research
When tourists visit Florida to attend events associated with space exploration, this will likely result in increased sales for which type of business listed below? 8.E.5.12
Hardware stores
Car sales
Flower shops
Hotels
A test tube is filled with water and a green plant called elodea. When the plant is exposed to sunlight, it begins to produce bubbles. A diagram is provided.
Which of the following is the most likely conclusion for the identity of the gas in the bubbles? 8.L.18.1
Carbon dioxide
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Hydrogen
Plants are able to engage in photosynthesis because they produce a chemical that can absorb sunlight to synthesize glucose. What is this chemical? 8.L.18.1
Oxygen
Chlorophyll
Carbon dioxide
Water
Li and Mohammed perform an investigation in which four beakers of water are set up with different conditions of plants and sunlight. A diagram is provided.
The water in all four beakers began with the same amount of dissolved carbon dioxide. The most reasonable prediction is that, at the end of the investigation, the beaker with the lowest concentration of carbon dioxide will be which one? 8.L.18.1
Beaker A
Beaker B
Beaker C
Beaker D
The table shown here provides information about the processes that result in the transfer of matter within and between organisms and the environment.
Which process represented in the table is a process through which all living things add carbon to the atmosphere? 8.L.18.2 & 18.3
Photosynthesis
Respiration
Eating plants
Decay
Which of the following best summarizes the process of cellular respiration in plants and animals? 8.L.18.2 & 18.3
Carbon-based molecules + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water
Oxygen + carbon dioxide → carbon-based molecules + water
Water + carbon dioxide → oxygen + carbon-based molecules
Carbon dioxide + carbon-based molecules → oxygen + water
Carbon is an organic element found in all life forms. Which of the following occurs through the process of breaking down carbon-based molecules? 8.L.18.2 & 18.3
Water molecules are transferred through the body.
Elimination of waste products occurs.
Energy needed for life functions is released
Absorbing of oxygen through pore occurs.
Evan is learning about energy transfer within an ecosystem. He is given the provided diagram. The diagram shows how energy from the sun moves through a simple food chain, including the energy transferred between organisms and the energy lost to heat.
Evan concludes that which of the following, regarding the diagram, supports the law of conservation of energy? 8.L.18.4
The total amount of energy decreases within the system.
The total amount of matter remains the same within the system.
The total amount of energy remains the same within the system.
The total amount of energy increase within the system.
The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created nor destroyed—it can only change form or be transferred. Which of the following is evidence to support the law of conservation of energy found in all living systems? 8.L.18.4
Most plants and animals begin their life cycle with small energy needs and gain more requirements as they develop.
Decomposers transfer energy stored in the molecules of the dead organism to create new biomass for other organisms to feed on.
The total energy of all organisms is an ecosystem remains the same over time.
The total mass of dead organism equals the total mass of matter released to the environment by decomposition.
During the process of living and growing, which of the following occurs in all living things? 8.L.18.4
Energy is completely used up
Energy is converted to mass
Energy changes from one form to another
Energy is both created and destroyed
Which of the following lists the two particles found together inside the nucleus of an atom? 8.P.8.1 & 8.7
Photons and ions
Neutrons and electrons
Protons and neutrons
Electrons and protons
The provided diagram of an atom shows two regions, the nucleus (1) and the area surrounding the nucleus (2).
How are the protons, neutrons, and electrons that make up an atom distributed? 8.P.8.1 & 8.7
Protons and neutrons in region 1, electrons orbiting in region 2
Protons and electrons in region 1, neutrons orbiting in region 2
Electrons and neutrons in region 1, protons orbiting in region 2
Protons in region 1, neutrons and electrons orbiting in region 2
Which of the following correctly identifies the three smaller components that make up atoms? 8.P.8.1 & 8.7
Neutrons, protons, and ions
Neutrons, electrons, and protons
Protons, ions, and electrons
Electrons, neutrons, and ions
A spring scale is used to measure weight. Which of the following does it measure? 8.P.8.2
The force of gravity acting on an object
The amount of matter in an object
The composition of an object
The average density of an object
What happens to the mass and weight of an object that is launched into space, where the pull of gravity is less? 8.P.8.2
The mass decreases while the weight stays constant.
The mass stays constant while the weight decreases.
The mass stays constant while the weight increases.
The mass increases while the weight decreases.
An image of triple beam balance and object is provided.
What is the mass of the object on the triple beam balance? 8.P.8.3
303.4 g
370.4 g
373.0 g
373.4 g
An image is provided.
A rock with a mass of 70 grams is dropped into a graduated cylinder with 30 mL of water in it. What is the density of the rock? 8.P.8.3
0.5 g/mL
2 g/mL
14 g/mL
35 g/mL
Boiling water was placed in containers made of four different materials. A table is provided.
Based on the data, which material was the best insulator of heat? 8.P.8.4
Material 1
Material 2
Material 3
Material 4
Diego and Mariah have a block of aluminum 10 cm by 10 cm by 10 cm. They conducted some tests and recorded their results. An image is provided.
The student found a smaller block of aluminum that is only 1 cm by 1 cm by 1 cm. Which property do we expect to observe in a smaller block? 8.P.8.4
Has a mass of 2.8 kg
Floats in water
Conducts electricity
Attracted to a magnet
The boiling point of acetone is 50.5°C, while the boiling point of water is 100°C. Bringing a solution made of water and acetone to which of the following temperatures would allow the separation of these two liquids? 8.P.8.4
49.5°C
60°C
100°C
150.5°C
A portion of the Periodic Table is shown.
Which element would have properties most similar to sulfur? 8.P.8.6
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Fluorine
Chlorine
A simplified version of the Periodic Table of Elements is provided.
Which labeled pair of elements will be most similar in their properties? 8.P.8.6
A
B
C
D
A portion of the periodic table is shown.
Based on their relative positions in the periodic table, which two elements will most likely have similar properties? 8.P.8.6
Lithium and Beryllium
Magnesium and Sodium
Lithium and Sodium
Magnesium and Lithium
Mrs. Davis has asked Kyle to retrieve the compound mixture from the chemical cabinet. Which of the following should Kyle retrieve? 8.P.8.5
Water
Oxygen
Chlorine
Aluminum
There are 92 naturally occurring elements. How does this relate to the number of compounds? 8.P.8.5
Because it takes at least two elements to make a compound, there are fewer than 46 kinds.
There are exactly 92 kinds of compounds, one for every kind of element.
Elements combine in different ways to create many more than 92 compounds.
The number of compounds constantly increases as we discover new elements.
Which of the following is the best description of an element? 8.P.8.5
A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances
A pair of atoms that have different abilities when joined together
A material that has a specific shape at a specific temperature
A naturally occurring mineral made of more than one substance
While elements and compounds are related, they are different. Unlike elements, which of the following describes a compound? 8.P.8.8 & 8.9
Consists of only one type of atom
Is the smallest form of a particle
Always exists in the gas state of matter
Is made of at least two types of matter
Provided is a table of five different substances.
How many of these substances are pure substances? 8.P.8.8 & 8.9
2
3
4
5
Pure substances include elements and compounds. Which of the following describes an element as compared to a compound? 8.P.8.8 & 8.9
Simplest form of matter
Mixture of an acid and base
A solution with a solute
Made of more than one kind of atom
A diagram is provided.
In a chemical reaction, mass is conserved when carbonic acid breaks down into water and what other compound? 8.P.9.1
Which of the following atomic models of chemical reactions correctly demonstrates the law of conservation of mass? 8.P.9.1
One reactant with a mass of 4 grams, is combined with another reactant, with a mass of 12 grams, in a sealed container. After the reaction, what is the most reasonable prediction for the total mass of the products of this reaction? 8.P.9.1
3 g
4 g
12 g
16 g
A chemical reaction in a glow stick produces the light we see.
Doing which of the following will most likely decrease the rate of the chemical reaction in the glow stick? 8.P.9.2 & 9.3
Shake the flow stick more rapidly
Put the glow stick in hot water
Hold the glow stick close to a light
Place the glow stick in a freezer
The image shows what happens when cold-medicine tablets are placed in room temperature water.
What evidence would indicate that a chemical change has occurred? 8.P.9.2 & 9.3
The tablets dissolve in water.
The water becomes cloudy.
The water level increases slightly.
Bubbles are given off.
What happens in a physical change that distinguishes it from a chemical change? 8.P.9.2 & 9.3
The properties of the substance may change, but no new substances are produced.
The properties of the substance change for only a short time, but they will return to their original state.
An entirely new substance with new properties forms as a result of the change.
A new substance is produced, but the new substance has properties identical to the original substance.
