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Ch13 Forces of Change (Whole Chapter)

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 25mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

A change in a gene

a)

replication

b)

translation

c)

mutation

d)

transcription

2.

Genetic drift is driven by chance, not natural selection

a)

true

b)

false

3.

A forest fire ignites and kills many members of a population of rattlesnakes. This is an example of:

a)

gene flow

b)

genetic drift

c)

mutation

4.

Genetic diversity is increased through:

a)

genetic drift

b)

gene flow

5.

This image is an example of:

a)

genetic drift

b)

gene flow

6.
 Genetic Drift is more likely to happen in... 
a)
aquatic populations
b)
small populations
c)
terrestrial populations
d)
older populations
7.
A few deer wander out of their native woods into a completely new park where no deer had ever been before. They go on to create an entirely new population.
a)
gene pool 
b)
founder effect
c)
bottleneck
d)
mutation
8.
Ten years ago, in a small population of ducks, two sizes of eyes were observed, large and small. Three ducks have large eyes and 7 have small.  2 of the large-eyed ducks are randomly hit by cars and killed. Today, no large-eyed ducks are present in the population.
a)
gene flow
b)
bottleneck
c)
mutation
d)
founders
9.

The more genetic variation a population has,

the more likely it is for some individuals to

a)

evolve

b)

migrate

c)

survive

d)

mutate

10.

Mutations are important because they bring about

a)

death of the organism in which they develop

b)

genetic variation needed for a population to evolve

c)

benefits for the individual, not for the population

d)

changes in genotype, but not phenotype

11.

Match the following

a)

Mutation

1.

Change in DNA sequence

b)

Gene Flow

2.

Increases genetic variation

c)

Genetic Drift

3.

Usually decreases genetic variation

d)

Bottle Neck

4.

Population gets smaller (Natural Disaster)

e)

Founders Effect

5.

Starting a new population

12.

A trait or change in lifestyle that helps a plant or animal survive in its environment

a)

adaptation

b)

evolution

c)

homologous

d)

vestigial

13.

Genetic drift is change in the allele frequency of a population due to...

a)

natural selection

b)

nonrandom mating

c)

random chance

d)

artificial selection

14.

This mechanism of evolution occurs when populations immigrate or emmigrate

a)

genetic drift

b)

gene flow

c)

extinction

d)

natural selection

15.

Male peacocks have beautiful blue and green plumage. However, this coloration makes them easier for tigers to hunt and kill. Why might they have these colors?

a)

Sexual preference by female peacocks

b)

Peacocks mated with parrots a long time ago

c)

Genetic drift randomly killed off all brown peacocks

d)

There is no reason - it's a horrible mutation with no advantage

16.

Which of the following is an example of the bottleneck effect?

a)

Bald Eagles are hunted until near extinction, population recovers

b)

Red fox pups are more likely to survive in a snowy environment if they are born white

c)

Small group of iguanas floats to an island, starts a new population

d)

Farmer chooses seeds from largest apples to plant next year.  This results in larger apples from year to year

17.

Natural selection operates on the _______ of an individual organism.

a)

environment

b)

genotype

c)

survival

d)

phenotype

18.

The concept of genetic bottlenecks includes which of the following?

a)

sharing of genetic material between two populations

b)

increased ability to resist new diseases

c)

extensive gene flow

d)

a loss of genetic diversity in descendent populations

19.

Organisms with the best suited adaptations for their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce than organisms that are not very well adapted

a)

natural selection

b)

artificial selection

c)

creationism

20.

Select the right word for this definition:

"in biology, changes that happen over time in the gene pool of a population."

a)

evolution

b)

extinction

c)

mutation

21.

If a new trait DOES help an organism survive, what may happen to it?

a)

It dies and its DNA is not passed on

b)

It survives and its DNA is passed on

c)

It changes its traits to adapt and survive

22.

Hunters killed elephants with tusks resulting in more tuskless elephants. The hunters were the ___ pressure changing the population

a)

Selective

b)

Unusual

c)

Usual

d)

exceptional

23.

What type of selection is pictured here?

a)

Directional

b)

Disruptive

c)

Stabilizing

24.

What type of selection is pictured here?

a)

Directional

b)

Disruptive

c)

Stabilizing

25.

Type of Selective Pressure: A particular bird species lays an average of 4 eggs per nesting season. If more than four eggs are produced, the parents may not be able to feed the hatchlings. If less than 4 eggs are produced, there is an increased risk that predators will take all the young that have been produced.

a)

Directional

b)

Disruptive

c)

Stabilizing

26.

Type of Selective Pressure: A lizard population lives in a very rocky area consisting of black rocks and white rocks. Black lizards can hide from predators by living on black rocks, and white lizards can hide from predators by living on white rocks. The intermediate grey colored lizard is found in fewer numbers because of its inability to hide from predators in this environment.

a)

Directional

b)

Disruptive

c)

Stabilizing

27.

Type of Selective Pressure: During the ice ages, the black bears of Europe increased in size.

a)

Directional

b)

Disruptive

c)

Stabilizing

28.

Type of Selective Pressure: In a population of field mice, coat color ranges from light tan to dark brown. Medium brown mice are found in greater abundance due to their ability to blend in with their surroundings.

a)

Directional

b)

Disruptive

c)

Stabilizing

29.

Charles Darwin formulated his idea for natural selection after visiting which unique island chain?

a)

England

b)

Hawaii

c)

The Galapagos

d)

Indonesia

30.

Which characteristic of the finches in the Galapagos did Darwin find particularly interesting?

a)

Finches on different islands were very similar except the size of their beaks, which varied quite a bit

b)

Some finches in the Galapagos couldn't fly

c)

The finches were absent from some of the islands

d)

The finches showed evidence of nonrandom mating

31.

The study of embryo development

a)

Endocrinology

b)

Embryology

c)

Genomics

d)

Entemology

32.

A measure of an organism's ability to survive and reproduce

a)

Fitness

b)

Homology

c)

Selection

d)

Proteomics

33.

Darwin proposed the idea of ...

a)

Nonrandom mating

b)

Sexual selection

c)

Natural Selection

d)

Genetic Drift

34.

Evidence for evolution comes from

a)

Fossil Record

b)

Comparative Anatomy

c)

Comparative Genetics

d)

All of the above

35.

The man who also came up with the idea of natural selection, but wasn't given credit since Darwin had more evidence.

a)

Gregor Mendel

b)

Alfred Russel Wallace

c)

Albert Einstein

d)

James Watson

36.

This is an example of...

a)

Disruptive selection

b)

Stabilizing Selection

c)

Directional Selection

37.

When a species exhibits differences in traits between males and females

a)

Natural Selection

b)

Artificial Selection

c)

Sexual Selection

d)

Sexual Dimorphism

38.

The allele for sickle cell anemia has an unusually higher fitness on the continent of ________

a)

North America

b)

Africa

c)

Asia

d)

Europe

39.

Studying the similarities and differences in gene sequences between two species

a)

Comparative Genomics

b)

Comparative Embryology

c)

Comparative Anatomy

d)

Proteomics

40.

Which type of selection is this?

a)

Directional selection

b)

Natural selection

c)

Disruptive selection

d)

Stabilizing selection

41.

Which type of selection may lead to speciation?

a)

Directional selection

b)

Disruptive selection

c)

Stabilizing selection

42.

The process by which one species may gradually become two

a)

Specialization

b)

Diversification

c)

Population growth

d)

Speciation

43.

Allele frequencies in populations don't change unless and evolutionary force is acting on them.

a)

Natural Selection

b)

Hardy Weinberg Principle

c)

Gene Flow

d)

Independent Assortment

44.

Two structures that appear to have the same function but did not arise from common ancestry.

a)

Analogous traits

b)

Homologous traits

c)

Derived traits

d)

Vestigial Traits

45.

Natural Selection directly acts on...

a)

Phenotypes

b)

Genotypes

46.

T/F: Since Darwin first proposed the idea of natural selection and common ancestry, we have discovered more and more evidence that supports his idea from new sources such as comparative genetics, the fossil record, and comparative proteomics.

a)

True

b)

False

47.

The study of protein structure

a)

Proteomics

b)

Genetics

c)

Proteinology

d)

Genetic Drift

48.

The allele for sickle-cell anemia has a higher fitness in Africa because it provides some resistance to ...

a)

Genetic Drift

b)

AIDS

c)

Malaria

d)

Hemophilia

49.

Anatomical structures that have little or no use but are present due to ancestry.

a)

Vestigial traits

b)

Homologous traits

c)

Analogous traits

d)

Derived Traits

50.

The "A" allele = 40%

The "a" allele = 60%

These are examples of...

a)

Genes

b)

Allele Frequencies

c)

Proteomic numbers

d)

Hardy Weinberg Principles