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2nd Semester Exam Biology

Total questions: 77

Worksheet time: 19hrs 15mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
The following diagram shows the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration.  What products of photosynthesis are starting material for cellular respiration?
a)
glucose and oxygen
b)
heat energy and ATP
c)
carbon dioxide and water
d)
light energy and chlorophyll
2.
Where within the cell does photosynthesis take place?
a)
the cytoplasm
b)
the chloroplasts
c)
the mitochondria
d)
the nucleus
3.
How do organisms get the energy they need?
a)

Plants get energy from fertilizers and animals get energy from drinking water.

b)

Plants get energy from glucose produced in the soil, and animals get energy directly from sunlight.

c)

Plants break down energy stored in glucose that they produced in photosynthesis, and animals get energy from eating other organisms.

d)

Plants do not require energy because they do not move, and animals get energy by performing exercise.

4.
In respiration, how is chemical energy stored?
a)
ATP
b)
Glucose
c)
Oxygen
d)
Carbon Dioxide
5.
What do animals do with the carbon dioxide produced in their cells during cellular respiration?
a)
store it for later use
b)
reuse it during photosynthesis
c)
exhale it in the breathing process
d)
combine it with water to make sugar
6.

In what cell organelle does cellular respiration occur?

a)

mitochondria

b)

vacuole

c)

nucleus

d)

chloroplast

7.

What type of respiration does NOT require oxygen?

a)

Aerobic Respiration

b)

Anaerobic Respiration

8.
What cells in the body may undergo lactic acid fermentation during exercise? 
a)
Muscle cells
b)
Fat cells
c)
Liver cells
d)
Skin cells
9.

Fermentation is a type of ....

a)

Aerobic Respiration

b)

Anaerobic Respiration

c)

Lactic Acid

10.

Yeast perform alcoholic fermentation to make energy which releases which gas?

a)

CO2

b)

O2

c)

H20

d)

N2

11.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
12.
Which organelle is DNA usually found in?
a)
cell membrane
b)
vacuole
c)
chloroplast
d)
nucleus
13.
Which 2 molecules forms the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose and adenine
b)
deoxyribose and a hydrogen bond
c)
sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose (sugar) and phosphate
14.

Which organelle is the location where protein is made?

a)

Ribosome

b)

Nucleus

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Nucleotide

15.
I am a single strand.
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
16.
I travel outside of the nucleus.
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
17.
The sugar in RNA is ____________________.
a)
deoxyribose
b)
ribose
18.
What is a mutation?
a)
a change in DNA
b)
a person who is bitten by a radioactive spider
19.

What base does RNA have that DNA does not?

a)

uracil

b)

thymine

c)

cytosine

d)

guanine

20.
Where does transcription take place?
a)

ribosome

b)

nucleus

c)

mitochondria

d)

lysosome

21.
What is made from a DNA strand during transcription?
a)
tRNA
b)
mRNA
22.
Where does translation take place?
a)

nucleus

b)

ribosome

c)

mitochondria

d)

lysosome

23.

If a DNA strand reads ATT CGT CTA, what would the mRNA strand read?

a)

  UAA GCA GAU

b)

TAA GCA GAT

24.

How many nitrogen bases code for one amino acid?

a)

3

b)

4

c)

23

d)

2

25.
What are proteins composed of?
a)
nitrogen bases
b)
amino acids
26.

Replicate (copy) the following strand of DNA by adding the correct nitrogen bases:  AATCATGGA

a)

AATCATGGA

b)

TTAGTACCT

c)

UUAGUACCU

d)

GGATAUCUA

27.

DNA replicates when new cells are created.

a)

True

b)

False

28.
When particles move from areas of high concentration to areas less concentrated, this has taken place.
a)
diffusion
b)
mitosis
c)
endocytosis
d)
photosynthesis
29.
Which diagram best shows the end result of diffusion?
a)
F
b)
G
c)
H
d)
J
30.

Why are diffusion and osmosis important to cells?

a)

It allows them to take in materials/substances without using energy.

b)

It allows them to reproduce.

c)

It allows them to absorb sunlight.

d)

It allows cells to use all energy.

31.
Which way will the water molecules move during osmosis?
a)
Out of the cell, so the cell shrinks.
b)
Out of the cell, so the cell swells.
c)
Into the cell, so the cell shrinks.
d)
Into the cell, so the cell swells.
32.

Passive transport requires ________________

a)

concentration gradients

b)

no energy

c)

motion

d)

energy

33.

Which is NOT an example of passive transport?

a)

Diffusion

b)

Osmosis

c)

Active Transport

d)

Facilitated Diffusion

34.

What does semi-permeable mean?

a)

Some substances can move across a membrane and others cannot

b)

Anything can move across a membrane

c)

Nothing can move across a membrane

35.
In this image, the cell is using which type of molecular transport?
a)
Osmosis
b)
Diffusion 
c)
Endocytosis
d)
Exocytosis 
36.
This picture represents which type of cellular transport?
a)
passive transport
b)
endocytosis
c)
exocytosis
d)
osmosis
37.

What type of transport is this?

a)

Diffusion

b)

Facilitated Diffusion

c)

Active Transport

d)

Osmosis

38.

Cross 2 heterozygous tall pea plants. Tall (T) is dominant to short (t). What fraction of the offspring do you predict will be tall?

a)

1/4

b)

2/4

c)

3/4

d)

4/4

39.

Alleles (example: H or h) are alternative forms of a gene. How many alleles does a baby guinea pig inherit from their mother?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

23

d)

whichever one is dominant

40.

Brown eyes (B) are dominant to blue eyes (b). Determine the phenotype for a child with the genotype - Bb

(a)  

41.
The hidden trait.  You need two of these alleles for the trait to show.
a)
Dominant
b)
Recessive
c)
Hidden
d)
Overt
42.

The genetic makeup of a trait (2 alleles).

a)

Phenotype

b)

Genotype

43.
D = dimples        d = no dimples 
What is the genotype for a homozygous recessive offspring?
a)
DD
b)
Dd
c)
dd
44.

What percentage of the offspring will be heterozygous?

a)

100%

b)

75%

c)

50%

d)

25%

45.
If green is dominant over purple, then what is the genotype for this individual?
a)
Purple
b)
Green
c)
GG
d)
gg
46.
A __________ is a segment of DNA that codes for a particular protein, which leads to a particular trait.
a)

Gene

b)

Allele

47.
The letters on the TOP AND SIDE of a punnett square represent ______________.
a)
The combination of alleles in offspring.
b)
The possible alleles given by the parents following meiosis.
c)
The genotype and phenotype of offspring.
d)
The results of genetic mutations in offspring.
48.
Which is the correct phenotype for this organism?
a)
BB
b)
blue
c)
green
d)
bb
49.
This is an example of ___________?
a)
Incomplete dominance
b)
Co-Dominance
50.
this image is an example of
a)
codominance
b)
dominance
c)
incomplete dominance
51.

Which system moves body parts?

a)

muscular

b)

skeletal

c)

digestive

d)

respiratory

52.

Which system provides oxygen and removes carbon dioxide?

a)

digestive

b)

muscular

c)

respiratory

d)

nervous

53.

Which system controls all parts of your body and sends/receives messages?

a)

muscular

b)

digestive

c)

circulatory

d)

nervous

54.

Which system carries blood to and from body cells?

a)

muscular

b)

circulatory

c)

skeletal

d)

respiratory

55.

Which system supports the body and protects organs?

a)

skeletal

b)

muscular

c)

respiratory

d)

digestive

56.

The protective covering of the body.

a)

respiratory system

b)

cardiovascular system

c)

integumentary system

d)

endocrine system

57.

A ____________ is the basic unit of structure and function for all living things.

a)

skin

b)

cell

c)

eyes

d)

heart

58.

An organ is a group of tissues that work together to perform a specific job.

a)

true

b)

False

59.

True or False: the digestive system is responsible for transforming your food into nutrients and energy to keep your body alive.

a)

true

b)

false

60.

Which list of characteristics describes organisms classified as animals?

a)

autotrophic, multicellular, prokaryotic

b)

multicellular eukaryotic, heterotrophic

c)

unicellular, eukaryotic, heterotrophic

d)

multicellular, eukaryotic, autotrophic

61.

Identify the kingdom based on the organisms characteristics.

a)

Eubacteria

b)

Fungi

c)

Archaea

d)

Animalia

62.

You find a species that seems to be unicellular and is eating smaller cells around it. It has organelles and a nucleus. Which kingdom is it MOST likely a part of?

a)

Fungi

b)

Bacteria

c)

Protists

d)

Plants

63.

The scientific name for an organism is made from the:

a)

class and family name

b)

genus and species name

c)

domain and kingdom name

d)

kingdom and phylum name

64.

I am prokaryotic and am found everywhere. What kingdom do I belong to?

a)

Eubacteria

b)

Archaebacteria

c)

Fungi

d)

Protista

65.

Which of the following is the correct classification order from broadest (least related) to the most specific (most related)?

a)

Domain

Kingdom

Phylum

Class

Order

Family

Genus

Species

b)

Species

Kingdom

Phylum

Class

Order

Family

Genus

Domain

c)

Species

Genus

Family

Order

Class

Phylum

Kingdom

Domain

d)

Domain

Kingdom

Class

Phylum

Order

Genus

Family

Species

66.
Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?
a)

Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.

b)

Because they come from dominant alleles.

c)

Because they come from recessive alleles.

67.

What is the process in which populations CHANGE gradually over time?

a)

evolution

b)

species

c)

variation

d)

competition

68.

What do you call a characteristic that allows an organism to survive in an environment?

a)

variation

b)

adaptation

c)

gene

69.
Predict which moth would increase in population
a)
light 
b)
dark
70.

How many secondary consumers are in this food web?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

71.
What level consumer could you consider the deer?  
a)
Primary
b)
Secondary
c)
Tertiary
d)
Quarternary
72.

A ___ consumer will gain energy from what secondary consumer?  

a)

Producers

b)

Primary Consumers

c)

Tertiary Consumers

d)

Apex Predators

73.
An organism that eats both plants and other animals is also known as.....
a)
Weird
b)
Autotroph
c)
Omnivore
d)
Carnivore
74.
What level consumer is the owl in the food chain?  
a)
Tertiary
b)
Primary
c)
Secondary
d)
Quarternary
75.
A rabbit eats the grass, the snake eats the rabbit and the hawk eats the snake.  Who has the most energy in this food chain?  
a)
The rabbit
b)
The snake
c)
The hawk
d)
The grass
76.

Why do grasses appear before shrubs in ecological succession?

a)

loosen the dirt for new trees to take roots?

b)

provide food for animals returning to the area

c)

require plenty of sunlight to make their own food

d)

can grow even in areas with shallow soil

77.

Lichens are an example of a "pioneer species" because...

a)

they are the last species to arrive in a newly formed ecosystem

b)

upon arrival, they outcompete and destroy native species in an ecosystem

c)

they are the first species arrive and populate a new ecosystem

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