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WorksheetsThermodynamics
Total questions: 78
Worksheet time: 50mins
Which temperature scale is based on the average body temperature of humans?
Kelvin
Celsius
Fahrenheit
When an object cools, this means that the object is ? thermal energy.
gaining
losing
Which of the following is the coldest?
0C
0F
0K
Substances that are in ? have the same temperature.
thermal equilibrium
thermal heat
thermal energy
thermal distress
The transfer of thermal energy is called ?
thermal energy
heat
temperature
Which has more thermal energy, a thermos of hot chocolate or a water cooler of ice water?
a thermos of hot chocolate
water cooler of ice water
What temperature scale CANNOT have negative values?
Fahrenheit
Celsius
Kelvin
In temperature, degrees on the ? scale are the same as degrees on the ? scale.
Fahrenheit, Celsius
Kelvin, Fahrenheit
Celsius, Kelvin
One ? is equal to 1000 calories.
Calorie
Joule
The amount of ? energy in an object determines its temperature.
heat energy
light energy
potential energy
kinetic energy
At what point do molecules and atoms lose all of their kinetic energy?
0K
0F
0C
Thermal energy can be measured as ?
Pounds
Watts
Kilograms
temperature
How much the lengths of various substances change with temperature changes is given as coefficients of linear expansion, alpha, The greater the value of alpha, the greater the change in length for a given temperature. Three kinds of metal wires are stretched between distant telephone poles. Rank these wires from least to greatest, in terms of how much they will sag on a hot summer.
Copper, = 17 X 10 -6/ 0C
Aluminum, = 24 X 10 -6/ 0C
Steel, = 11 X 10 -6/ 0C
Aluminum, Copper , then Steel
Steel, Copper, then Aluminum
Aluminum, Steel Copper
Copper, Steel, then Aluminum
Steel, Aluminum, then Copper
Is there a greater difference between a unit Celsius and a unit Kelvin OR a unit Celsius and a unit Fahrenheit?
Celsius and a unit Fahrenheit
Celsius and a unit Kelvin
Temperature differs from thermal energy because temperature is the ? quantity of kinetic energy in a substance and thermal energy is the ? kinetic energy of all particles in the substance.
sum total, per particle
per particle, sum total
Thermal energy flows from ? to ? temperatures between substances.
higher, lower
lower, higher
Heat transfers from one object to another due to a difference in ? between the objects.
potential energy
thermal energy
No more energy can be removed from matter at ?
273K
absolute zero
0C
its freezing point
As the thermal energy of a substances decreases, its particles will ?.
move away from each other and expand
move closer to each other and contract
continue to move in the same manner
If two glasses of water are the same temperature, but glass A is full and glass B is half full, the average kinetic energy of the particles of water in each glass ?.
is the same
is higher in B than in A
is higher A than in B
Iron has a higher specific heat that silver. If 1 kg of iron and 1 kg of silver absorb equal amounts of heat, the temperature of the ? will increase by a greater amount.
silver
iron
Joints in train tracks are designed with extra space in order to allow for the steel that the tracks are made of to ? during very hot weather.
contract
expand
A student lists three temperature measurements: 100F, 100C and 100 K. Of the three measurements, ? is the highest.
100 K
100 C
100 F
Which beaker contains water with the most thermal energy?
Beaker A
Beaker B
Beaker C
Mass of water (g)
100
200
300
Temperature (C)
30
30
60
Beaker A
Beaker B
Beaker C
Which beaker contains water with the most kinetic energy?
Beaker A
Beaker B
Beaker C
Mass of water (g)
100
200
200
Temperature (C)
30
30
60
Beaker C
Beaker B
Beaker A
Heat, is energy ?.
that has accumulated in hot objects
in motion
of objects that moves fast.
A thermometer measures the temperature of its surroundings until ? is reached between the thermometer and the surroundings.
(answer in lower case)
(a)
No more energy can be removed from substances at 0 K because the molecules of that substance are ? and therefore, they have no ? to lose in order to decrease the temperature any lower.
not moving, potential energy
moving fast, kinetic
not moving, kinetic energy
moving, thermal energy
Heat is measured in ?
kg*m/s
Joules
Newtons
m/s
Three blocks of metal at the same temperature are placed in a hot fire. Their specific heat capacities are given as follows in the list below. Rank these blocks of metal from least to greatest in terms of how quickly they warm up.
Steel, 450J/kg . 0C
Aluminum, 910 J/kg . 0C
Copper, 390J/kg . 0C
Aluminum, Copper, steel
Steel. Aluminum, then Copper
Copper, Steel, then Aluminum
Copper, aluminum then steel
Aluminum, Steel, then Copper
Molecules in a mixture of gases in thermal equilibrium do not have the same average speed.
True
False
Which involves the least thermal energy?
calorie
Calorie
Joule
There is no limit to how how temperatures can rise.
True
False
What is the boiling point of water on the Celsius scale and the freezing point of water on the Celsius scale, respectively?
32, 100
100, 0
0, 100
212, 32
273. 0
elect the absolute value of water on the Fahrenheit scale and the freezing point of water on the Fahrenheit scale, respectively.
273, 0
-273, 212
-460, 32
212, 0
A measure of the hotness of substances, related to the average kinetic energy per molecule in a substance, measured in degrees Celsius, degrees Fahrenheit, or kelvins.
(a)
The absolute temperature scale.
(a)
The total energy(kinetic plus potential) of the submicroscopic particles that make up a substance.
(a)
A temperature scale on which 32 is assigned to the freezing point of water and the number 212 is assigned to the boiling point of water.
(a)
The thermal energy that flows from a substance of higher temperature to a substance of lower temperature, commonly measured in calories or joules.
(a)
Energy rating unit for food;It is equal to 1000 calories.
(a)
A temperature scale divided into 100 equal parts (degrees) between the freezing point and boiling point of water. The number 0 is assigned to the freezing point of water and the number 100 is assigned to the boiling point of water.
(a)
Thermodynamics
(a)
The heat needed to change the temperature of 1kg of water by 10 C.
(a)
To and fro linear motion of molecules; molecules of gasses bounce off each other, molecules of solids vibrate in place, molecules of liquids slide past each other.
(a)
Which represents a higher amount of energy a calorie, Calorie or a Joule?
Joule
Calorie
Which has the highest translational motion?
they all have the same translational motion
gasses
liquids
solids
Which temperature has the smallest value?
Celsius
Fahrenheit
Kelvin
In a cup of hot water there is a lot of heat energy.
True
False
There is more thermal energy in a hot cup of cocoa than there is in a pitcher of ice water.
true
false
The temperature of a hot cup of apple cider will not decrease if half of the cider is poured out.
true
false
Thermal energy will always flow from a substances with higher thermal energy to a substance with lower thermal energy.
true
false
Thermal energy never flows unassisted from low temperature substance to a higher temperature substance.
true
false
Which has greater entropy?
A messy room
A clean room
(a)
Entropy is a measure of the
acidity of sample
chemical activity of an element
disorder of a system
concentration of a solution
which has more disorder?
A glass of liquid water
A glass of crushed ice
(a)
Temperature is a measure of...
Average kinetic energy in a substance
Number of heat particles
Ability to transform into a liquid
Average potential energy in a substance
Which is true about entropy?
High entropy can be described as large amounts of energy distributed unevenly - very concentrated in some areas and absent in others
It always decreases in any reaction
High entropy can be described as a larger spread of energy
When you put a hot object next to a cold one, why does the cold one heat up while the hot one cools down?
Energy tends to become more concentrated in some areas and less concentrated in others.
Energy tends to spread out
If energy has the opportunity to spread out...
energy won't spread out.
energy will be destroyed.
energy will spread out.
energy will be created.
In terms of entropy and energy, systems in nature tend to undergo changes toward
lower entropy and higher energy
higher entropy and lower energy
lower entropy and lower energy
higher entropy and higher energy
The first law of thermodynamics states that energy is neither created nor destroyed.
true
false
The first law of thermodynamics is a reiteration of which other idea?
conservation of energy
conservation of mass
Entropy tends to increase in nature.
true
false
Which option has the symbols and terms properly paired?
enthalpy - H
entropy - S
enthalpy -E
entropy - S
enthalpy - H
entropy - E
If delta H is positive it is
endothermic
exothermic
Which set of conditions is always thermodynamically favorable?
exothermic, increasing entropy
endothermic, increasing entropy
exothermic, decreasing entropy
endothermic, decreasing entropy
Which set of conditions is always thermodynamically unfavorable?
endothermic, increasing entropy
exothermic, increasing entropy
exothermic, decreasing entropy
endothermic, decreasing entropy
The entropy of the universe is always increasing.
true
false
When will this reaction become nonspontaneous (thermodynamically unfavorable)?
When the magnitude of TΔS < magnitude of ΔH
When the magnitude of TΔS = magnitude of ΔH
When the magnitude of TΔS > magnitude of ΔH
A bimetallic strip used in thermostats relies on the fact the different metals have different?
specific heat capacities
thermal energies at different temperatures
rates of thermal expansion
all of these
Absolute zero corresponds to a temperature of?
0K
-273C
both of these
The motion of molecules that most affects temperature is?
rotational motion
translational motion
internal vibration motion
simple harmoic motion
Which has a higher specific heat capacity water or sand?
water
sand
This law of thermodynamics says that heat never flows spontaneously from cold to hot in a substance
first
second
third
This law of thermodynamics says that no system can reach absolute zero
first
second
third
This law of thermodynamics says that the amount of heat gained or lost by a system is equal to the amount of heat transferred
first
second
third
The quantity used to determine how cold or hot something is.
(a)
