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Biology Final Exam Review part 2

Total questions: 45

Worksheet time: 23mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
These red blood cells are swelling and bursting.  We can assume that they are in a _____________ environment.
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Hypotonic
c)
Isotonic
d)
Hostile
2.
We can assume that the cells in the plant on the right are in a _____________ environment.
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Hypotonic
c)
Isotonic
d)
Rainforest
3.
Diffusion : ______ :: Osmosis : ___________
a)
only salt; water
b)
any molecules; water
c)
water; only salt
d)
water; any molecules
4.
What is a major difference between facilitated diffusion and active transport?
a)
Active transport moves substances against a concentration gradient
b)
Active transport uses proteins
c)
Facilitated diffusion moves molecules across the membrane
d)
Facilitated diffusion requires energy
5.
What characteristic of the plasma membrane is illustrated in this drawing?
a)
selective permeability
b)
phospholipid bilayer
c)
impermeability to water
d)
permeability to macromolecules
6.
Which statement would NOT be included in a summary of the cell theory?
a)
The cell is the basic unit of organization
b)
All cells contain a nucleus that controls cell division
c)
All organisms are made up of at least one cell.
d)
All cells come from preexisting cells.
7.
In which structure would you find a nucleus?
a)
bacterial cell
b)
plant cell
c)
prokaryote
d)
virus
8.
Which is present only in eukaryotic cells?
a)
cell membrane
b)
chromosomes
c)
DNA
d)
nucleus
9.
Which statement is true about bacterial cells?
a)
The cells are very large
b)
The cells have no nucleus
c)
They are eukaryotes
d)
They have organelles
10.
Which organelle provides usable energy to the cell?
a)
mitochondria
b)
nucleus
c)
ribosome
d)
vesicle
11.
On a laboratory exam, a student is asked to determine if the cells under a microscope are plant cells or animal cells.  What might the student look for?
a)
chloroplasts & a cell wall
b)
ribosomes & vacuoles
c)
a nucleus & ribosomes
d)
a cell membrane & mitochondria
12.
Which organelle is present in a paramecium protozoan (a one celled animal-like organism) but absent in the cells of a strawberry plant?
a)
cilia
b)
cytoskeleton
c)
microtubules
d)
nucleus
13.
Which organelle is large in plant cells but small or absent in animal cells?
a)
centriole
b)
chloroplast
c)
nucleolus
d)
vacuole
14.
How can the cytoskeleton of a cell be described?
a)
framework and anchor for organelles
b)
selectively permeable series of membranes
c)
semifluid material
d)
transport system
15.
Which of these organelles is most closely associated with protein building
a)
vacuole
b)
mitochondria
c)
ribosome
d)
cell membrane
16.
The arrows in the diagram below represent the movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide in an ecosystem.  What is the main source of oxygen in an ecosystem?
a)
Combustion by cars
b)
Photosynthesis by animals
c)
Respiration by animals
d)
Photosynthesis by plants
17.
What are the products of photosynthesis?
a)
Energy and oxygen
b)
Glucose and oxygen
c)
Carbon dioxide and water
d)
Glucose and carbon dioxide 
18.
According to these equations, which of the following is a reactant during respiration?
a)
Water
b)
Sugar
c)
Energy
d)
Carbon dioxide
19.

The process that releases energy from sugar (glucose) and has to have oxygen present is called?

a)

Synthesis

b)

Cellular Aerobic Respiration

c)

Fermentation

d)

Photosynthesis

20.
Photosynthesis occurs in which organelle?
a)
Chloroplast
b)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
c)
Vacuole
d)
Mitochondrion
21.
Which process requires the presence of oxygen to produce energy?
a)
Glycolysis
b)
Anaerobic Respiration
c)
Transpiration
d)
Aerobic Respiration
22.
The two main processes by which cells absorb, release, and use energy are
a)
Fermentation and respiration
b)
Digestion and Photosynthesis
c)
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
d)
Aerobic and anaerobic respiration
23.
Which process occurs in plants and animals?
a)
Cellular Respiration
b)
Photosynthesis
24.
In cells, the energy available in food is used to make an energy rich compound called?
a)
Water
b)
Glucose
c)
ATP
d)
ADP
25.
What is the pigment that makes a plant green?
a)
Chloroplast
b)
Chlorophyll
c)
Cytoplasm
d)
Mitochondria
26.

Before cells can divide, what happens to the DNA?

a)

It is replicated

b)

It increases in size

c)

It is divided in half

d)

It decreases in size

27.

How many chromosomes do humans have?

a)

23

b)

46

c)

50

d)

92

28.

What happens in the S phase of interphase?

a)

The cell grows

b)

The cell prepares for cell division

c)

The cell divides

d)

The DNA replicates

29.

What happens in anaphase of mitosis?

a)

The chromosomes become visible; nucleus disappear; spindles form

b)

The chromosomes align in the middle of the cell

c)

The sister chromatids separate

d)

The chromosomes uncoil into chromatin; nucleus reappears; spindles disappear

30.

What happens in cytokinesis?

a)

The chromosomes become visible; nucleus disappears; spindles form

b)

The chromosomes align in the middle of the cell

c)

The DNA is duplicated

d)

The cytoplasm divides into two new daughter cells

31.

Which phase of mitosis is shown here?

a)

prophase

b)

metaphase

c)

anaphase

d)

telophase

32.

Which phase of mitosis is shown here?

a)

prophase

b)

metaphase

c)

anaphase

d)

telophase

33.

Which of the following is the correct order of mitosis?

a)

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

b)

metaphase, telophase, anaphase, prophase

c)

telophase, anaphase, metaphase, prophase

d)

prophase, anaphase, telophase, metaphase

34.

In mitosis, the resulting two daughter cells are

a)

identical to each other

b)

half the chromosome numbers

c)

different from each other

d)

none of the above

35.

Mitosis deals with what type of cells?

a)

body cells (somatic)

b)

sex cells (gamete)

c)

dead cells

d)

none of the above

36.

How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?

a)

23

b)

46

c)

50

d)

92

37.
A cell spends __% of its cycle in ____.
a)
100, interphase
b)
10, cytokinesis
c)
40, mitosis
d)
90, interphase
38.
A repeating sequence of growth and division...
a)
Mitosis
b)
Interphase
c)

Cell Cycle

d)
Somatic
39.
What is the role of the spindle during mitosis?
a)
it changes the chromatin to chromosome
b)
duplicate the DNA
c)
breaks down the membrane
d)
separates the chromatids.
40.
What is the purpose of mitosis?
a)
create genetic diversity
b)
increase cell volume
c)
produce new offspring
d)
replace damaged cells and growth
41.

Centrioles are only found in ________ cells and help support the cell by elongating into the __________.

a)

plant cells; spindle fibers

b)

animal cells; spindle fibers

c)

prokaryotes; nuclear membrane

d)

eukaryotes; chromatin

42.

When carcinogens such as smoking or UV exposure cause a failure in the regulation of cell growth and development, what condition might occur?

a)

normal mitosis

b)

uncontrolled cell growth in the form of cancer

c)

cell plates form

d)

apoptosis

43.

__________ cells divide through binary fission.

a)

Eukaryote

b)

Prokaryote

44.

Cancer cells can reproduce rapidly because they

a)

are smaller than normal cells

b)

bypass interphase and enter mitosis right away

c)

undergo mitosis faster

d)

spend less time in interphase

45.

Mitosis uncontrolled may lead to an abnormal cell growth called _______.

a)

cleavage furrow

b)

apoptosis

c)

cyclin

d)

tumor

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