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A&P Semester 2 Final Review 22-23

Total questions: 80

Worksheet time: 44mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Irregular Bones

a)

act as a lever to aid in movement

b)

provide support and stability with little movement

c)

have a large surface area for attaching to muscles

d)

have a highly specialized shape and structure

2.

Flat Bones

a)

act as a lever to aid in movement

b)

provide support and stability with little movement

c)

have a large surface area for attaching to muscles

d)

have a highly specialized shape and structure

3.

Short Bones

a)

act as a lever to aid in movement

b)

provide support and stability with little movement

c)

have a large surface area for attaching to muscles

d)

have a highly specialized shape and structure

4.

Long Bones

a)

act as a lever to aid in movement

b)

provide support and stability with little movement

c)

have a large surface area for attaching to muscles

d)

have a highly specialized shape and structure

5.

What are the purposes or the skeletal system?

a)

transport oxygen to tissues and waste products from tissues

b)

protect against the outside environment. regulate temperature

c)

Support and protect our body while allowing movement and producing red blood cells

d)

providing protection at a cellular level from pathogens and foreign substances

6.

What inorganic materials are stored in our bones?

a)

Salts, Calcium, Phosphorous, potassium

b)

Salts, Calcium, Potassium

c)

Salts, Calcium, Phosphorous, Erythrocytes

d)

Salts, Osteocytes, Osteoblasts, Osteoclasts

7.

How many bones are in the adult skeleton?

a)

260

b)

206

c)

207

d)

300

8.

Which is not a division of the skeletal system?

a)

Axial

b)

Central

c)

Appendicular

9.

What division of the skeleton would we find the Skull?

a)

Axial

b)

Appendicular

10.

In what division of the skeleton do we find the pectoral girdle?

a)

Axial

b)

Appendicular

11.

What is this an image of?

a)

Pectoral Girdle

b)

Pelvic Girdle

c)

Femoral Girdle

d)

Shoulder Girdle

12.

What is the process of cartilage becoming bone called?

a)

Ossication

b)

Ossification

c)

Ossifisation

d)

Osseopatosis

13.

What cell is responsible for building up the bone?

a)

Osteoclast

b)

Osteoblast

c)

Osteocyte

14.
The site of of bone growth on a long bone is called
a)
epiphyseal plate
b)
diaphysis
c)
periosteum
d)
medullary cavity
15.
The joints in the skull are called
a)
hinge joints
b)
synovial joints
c)
gliding joints
d)
fibrous joints
16.
A common term for chronic inflammation of a joint is 
a)
osteoporosis
b)
fracture
c)
scoliosis
d)
arthritis
17.
A ball and socket joint is located 
a)
in the wrist
b)
in the ankle
c)
in the hip
d)
in the foot
18.
Blood cells produced from within the bone are called
a)
yellow marrow
b)
red marrow
c)
osteocytes
d)
osteon systems
19.
The outer covering of bone is called 
a)
spongy bone
b)
compact bone
c)
periosteum
d)
medullary cavity
20.
All of the following are synovial joints except
a)
cartilaginous joints
b)
gliding joints
c)
saddle joints
d)
hinge joints
21.

What type of muscle is voluntary?

a)

Skeletal

b)

Cardiac

c)

Smotth

22.

What type of muscle tissue is shown?

a)

Skeletal

b)

Cardiac

c)

Smooth

23.

What is 1?

a)

Sarcomere

b)

Actin (thin filament)

c)

Myosin (thick filament)

d)

Z line

24.

What is 3 pointing at?

a)

Sarcomere

b)

Actin (thin filament)

c)

Myosin (thick filament)

d)

Z line

25.

What happens to the distance between Z lines when a muscle relaxes?

a)

increases

b)

decreases

26.

What ion is released from the muscle cell when a nerve impulse arrives?

a)

Sodium

b)

Calcium

c)

Potassium

d)

Chloride

27.

Rigor mortis results from the lack of _____ to relax muscles.

a)

glucose

b)

ATP

c)

mitochondria

d)

carbon dioxide

28.

All of the following are functions of the muscular system (check all that apply)

a)

Posture

b)

Heat production

c)

Blood production

d)

Movement

29.

The sliding filament theory explains which of the following?

a)

muscle extensions

b)

muscle inductions

c)

muscle contractions

d)

muscle formation

30.

______ and ______ work together to allow muscles to contract.

a)

ATP, Calcium

b)

smooth muscle, cardiac muscle

c)

Electrolytes, Phosphorous

d)

hemoglobin, plasma

31.

Each unit in a muscle fiber is called a __________.

a)

myosin

b)

globular heads

c)

sarcomeres

d)

troponin

32.

Smooth Muscle is found in the?

a)

Heart

b)

Facial

c)

Organs

d)

Legs

33.
Muscles are composed of which of the following?
a)
Lipids
b)
Protiens
c)
Carbohydrates
d)
Fats
34.
Skeletal muscles are attached to which of the following? 
a)
Bones and ligaments 
b)
Ligaments and tendons
c)
Tendons and bones
d)
Bones and fat 
35.

The nerve releases a chemical called a

a)

neurotransmitter

b)

neuron

c)

myofibril

d)

cell

36.
The thick myofibril filament of a sarcomere is
composed of a protein:
a)
actin.
b)
myosin.
c)
sarcolemma.
d)
titin.
37.
The neuron and the collection of muscle fibers it innervates is called the:
a)
neural impulse.
b)
motor neuron.
c)
muscle fiber.
d)
motor unit.
38.
Oxygen debt in muscles may develop because of:
a)
the inability of respiratory and circulatory systems to supply enough oxygen to skeletal muscles when used strenuously for a minute or two.
b)
the inability of myoglobin molecules to store enough oxygen when skeletal muscles are used strenuously for a minute or two.
c)
too much oxygen used in forming pyruvic acid when skeletal muscles are contracted strenuously for a minute or two.
d)
too high a concentration of oxygen in the atmosphere.
39.

All the muscle within the body has a relationship with the ______ system to produce movement and contraction.

a)

Cardiovascular

b)

Skeletal

c)

Nervous

d)

Respiration

40.

In what range of motion does the limb move away from the median plane?

a)

Abduction

b)

Adduction

c)

Extension

d)

Flexion

41.

What controls voluntary movement?

a)

Somatic System

b)

Autonomic System

c)

Central

d)

Peripheral

42.

What controls involuntary movement?

a)

Somatic System

b)

Autonomic System

c)

Central

d)

Peripheral

43.

What consists of the brain and spinal cord?

a)

Somatic System

b)

Autonomic System

c)

Central NS

d)

Peripheral NS

44.

What consists of the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord.

a)

Somatic System

b)

Autonomic System

c)

Central NS

d)

Peripheral NS

45.
Which of the following is NOT part of a neuron?
a)
dendrite
b)
axon
c)
myelin sheath
d)
medulla oblongata
46.
What is the central nervous system made up of?
a)
brain and spinal cord
b)
cranial and spinal nerves
c)
sensory and motor systems
d)
sympathetic and parasympathetic systems
47.
What is the main function of the cerebellum?
a)
Consciousness
b)
sensory reception
c)
homeostatsis
d)
muscle coordination
48.
What is the largest part of the brain?
a)
Cerebellum
b)
Cerebrum
c)
brain stem
d)
medulla oblongata
49.
What is responsible for heartbeat, breathing, and blood pressure?
a)
midbrain
b)
pons
c)
medulla oblongata
d)
cerebrum
50.
What part of the brain is responsible for thought and planning?
a)
frontal
b)
parietal
c)
temporal
d)
occipital
51.
What part is responsible for visual processing?
a)
frontal
b)
parietal
c)
temporal
d)
occipital
52.
Which neurons carry messages from the brain to the body?
a)
sensory neuron
b)
motor neuron
c)
interneuron
d)
afferent
53.
What is number 5?
a)
cell body
b)
nucleus
c)
axon terminal
d)
synapes
54.
What is number 4?
a)
dendrite
b)
axon 
c)
cell body
d)
myelin sheath
55.
What is number 1?
a)
dendrite 
b)
axon
c)
cell body
d)
myelin sheath
56.

The speed of neural conduction between neurons will result in difficulties in speaking, vision, and balance if the ________________ insulating the axons is damaged or removed.

a)

Axon

b)

Myelin Sheath

c)

Nucleus

d)

Brain

57.

__________ carry messages between sensory neurons and motor neurons.

a)

Active Neurons

b)

Interneurons

c)

Refraction Neurons

d)

Flower Neurons

58.

What is a nerve cell?

a)

axon

b)

neuron

c)

dendrite

d)

myelin

59.

What is the inner most meningeal layer of the brain?

a)

Arachnoid

b)

Dura mater

c)

Pia mater

d)

Ventricles

60.

What part of the brain deals with appetite and temperature control?

a)

Cerebellum

b)

Cerebrum

c)

Hypothalamus

d)

Brain stem

61.

What part of the heart divides the heart into two?

a)

Biscuspid valve

b)

Septum

c)

Pulmonary artery

d)

bicep

62.

The relaxing of the heart is known as

a)

Diastole

b)

Systole

c)

Heart Rate

d)

Cardiac Arrest

63.

The contraction of the heart is known as?

a)

Stroke volume

b)

Diastole

c)

Cardiac cycle

d)

Systole

64.
What is the function of a valve?
a)
Helps blood to clot
b)
Keeps blood flowing in all directions
c)
Keeps blood flowing in one direction
d)
Stops blood from flowing
65.
Which vessels carry blood away from the heart?
a)
arteries
b)
veins
c)
capillaries
66.
A blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart.
a)
Cardiovascular System
b)
Heart
c)
Vein
d)
Artery
67.
______________ are the smallest blood vessels.
a)
Arteries
b)
Veins
c)
Capillaries
68.

In a capillary, oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged through what process?

a)

Active Transport

b)

Diffusion

c)

Osmosis

d)

Endocytosis

69.

Normal blood pressure is...

a)

120/80 mmHg

b)

80/120 mmHg

c)

140/90 mmHg

d)

80/140 mmHg

70.
How many valves does  the heart have ? 
a)
7
b)
4
c)
3 
d)
2 
71.
Blood enters the right atrium through 
a)
pulmonary veins
b)
vena cavaes
c)
pulmonary arteries
d)
aorta
72.
The bottom chambers of the heart are called
a)
ventricles
b)
atria
c)
vena cava
d)
valves
73.

What prevents blood from flowing back into the atria when the ventricles contract?

a)

semilunar valves

b)

sinoatrial node

c)

atrioventricular node

d)

tricuspid and bicuspid valves

74.

When blood leaves this chamber of the heart, it heads out to the body (not the lungs)

a)

left atrium

b)

right atrium

c)

left ventricle

d)

right ventricle

75.
Another name for the circulatory system is __________________________________________ because they describe the system that consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood.
a)
Cardiovascular System
b)
Heart
c)
Vein
d)
Artery
76.

The pacemaker of the heart.

a)

AV Node

b)

SA Node

c)

cardiac center

d)

pericardial center

77.

The region of the heart between the right atrium and ventricle from which electrical impulses spread to the ventricles during a heartbeat.

a)

AV Node

b)

SA Node

c)

cardiac center

d)

pericardial cavity

78.
Also known as the "heart strings", hold the valves in place and prevent backflow.
a)
chordae tendinae
b)
papillary ligiments
c)
ciliary muscles
d)
precapillary sphincters
79.
During ventricular systole, the aortic valve ____
a)
opens
b)
closed
80.
An obstruction to the coronary artery, commonly called a "heart attack".
a)
myocardial infarction
b)
mitral regurgitation
c)
hypertension
d)
stroke

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