WorksheetsBiology Sem 2 Final PREP
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 17mins
The organic compounds that evolved on Earth and were required for the origin of life were:
Urea and amino acids
Urea and nucleic acids
Proteins and amino acids
Proteins and nucleic acids (such as DNA or RNA)
The Permian extinction was _____.
The smallest mass extinction
The biggest mass extinction
Not a mass extinction
None of these
During the Cambrian Period, many types of primitive sponges evolved, as did ocean invertebrates called _______.
trilobites
Vascular plants
Lizards
Lobster
The Mesozoic began with the supercontinent _____.
Laurasia
Pangaea
Euramerica
Gondwana
As the Triassic Period gave way to the _______ Period, the supercontinent Pangaea began to break apart.
Jurassic
Cretaceous
Permian
Triassic
The dominant animals on Earth during the Cenozoic Era were
dinosaurs
bacteria
fish
mammals
The modern era is the _____.
Paleozoic
Mesozoic
Cenozoic
Cambrian
An individual organism that exhibits a higher fitness level is more likely to ________.
struggle
reproduce
mutate
hibernate
What process is observed when organisms with an advantageous variation for a trait within a population survive and pass on their traits?
Selective breeding
Artificial selection
Natural selection
What is an example of a fossil?
Human heart
Dinosaur skeleton
Chimpanzee brain
To help them survive in tall grasses rather than wooded marshlands, what trait evolved in horses?
They had shorter teeth.
They gained more toes.
They became taller.
_________ structures are similar because they come from a common ancestor, such as the bones in the forelimbs of mammals.
Analogous
Vestigial
Homologous
_________ occurs within a population or species over a relatively short period of time.
Microevolution
Macroevolution
_____ is the evolutionary change that occurs over geologic time above the species level.
Microevolution
Macroevolution
Individual variation
None of these
Which type of cell is single-celled and lacks a nucleus?
animals
prokaryotes
plants
eukaryotes
Proteins are made in which prokaryotic organelle?
endospores
plasmids
chromatin
ribosomes
Photoautotrophs are capable of converting ___ energy into chemical energy.
electrical
thermal
heat
light
Prokaryotes that require molecular oxygen in order to grow are called _____.
aerobes
anaerobes
obligate anaerobes
All of these
Binary fission is considered what type of reproduction?
Asexual reproduction
Sexual reproduction
Fragmentation
Budding
How do viruses reproduce?
Asexually through binary fission
Infect living hosts, and use host cells to copy their DNA
Budding to produce clones of itself
Why do scientists not consider viruses as living things?
Do not have their own metabolism
Contain their own DNA
Can replicate with and without a host
Lack membrane-bound organelles
___________ have a dorsal, hollow nerve cord derived from ectodermal tissue.
Arachnids
Mollusks
Invertebrates
Chordates
Vertebrates have an endocrine system of glands that secrete _____.
Enzymes
Proteins
Hormones
None of these
Cartilage is a tough tissue that contains a protein called _______.
Elastin
collagen
Keratin
Hyaluronic acid
Hormones are
chemical messengers that control many body functions.
organs that filter wastes from blood so they can be excreted from the body.
fibers that extend from the spinal cord to muscles and organs throughout the body.
proteins that defend the body from pathogens and other causes of disease.
Mammals have a bony ____ with a backbone and jaws, breathe only with ____, have four limbs and skin covered with hair or fur.
exoskeleton , lungs
endoskeleton , gills
endoskeleton , lungs
exoskeleton, gills
_____ have an outer covering of scales.
Birds
Mammals
Amphibians
Reptiles
A shark has a skeleton made of ____.
Cartlidge
Bone
Muscle
Skin
The frog has maxillary teeth and vomerine teeth in its mouth. What is the function of the frog's teeth?
The teeth are used for grinding up its food.
The teeth are used for smiling during school picture day.
The teeth are used for gripping and holding prey.
The teeth are used for filtering food out of the water.
Which of the following frog adaptations help the frog equalize water pressure while it is swimming?
Eustachian Tubes
Vocal Tubes
Tympanic Tubes
Nictitating Tubes
The change that tadpoles undergo to become an adult frog is called ___.
metamorphosis
respiration
growth
hibernation
Frogs have a special, translucent eyelid membrane (like goggles) that covers the eye and protects it while the frog is under water. What is this membrane called?
Tympanic Membrane
Nictitating Membrane
Goggle Membrane
Optic Membrane
The croaking of frogs is primarily a:
Danger call
Mating call
Hunger call
None of these
During metamorphosis, an amphibian larva
grows a tail
develops gills
grows legs
all of these
The _____ collects and excretes wastes from the digestive and excretory system.
Larynx
BOTH Larynx AND Cloaca
Cloaca
None of these
In larval stage, amphibians breathe with the help of _____.
Lungs
gills
Skin
Mouth
What is released at each level of a pyramid of energy?
animals
plants
decomposers
heat
In the nitrogen cycle, nitrogen is continuously recycled. Which type of organisms breaks down nitrogen compounds in dead organisms and recycle them into the soil?
autotrophs
green plants
bacteria
herbivores
What process involves the capture and conversion of nitrogen into a form usable by plants?
nitrogen fixation
condensation
denitrification
phosphate cycle
What is a biological community?
a role, or position of an organism in its environment
the physical area where an organism lives
all the interacting populations of a different species that live in the same geographic location at the same time
group of organisms of the same species that occupy the same geographic area at the same time
What is the biosphere?
all the interacting populations of different species that live in the same geographic location at the same time
the relatively thin layer of Earth and its atmosphere that supports life
biological community and all the nonliving factors that affect it
physical area where an organism lives
What is predation?
the process through which nitrogen gas is captured and converted into a form that plants can use
process in which fixed nitrogen compounds are converted back into nitrogen gas and returned to the atmosphere
exchange of matter through the biosphere involving living organisms, chemical processes, and geological processes
act of one organism feeding on another organism
What is mutualism?
a symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits at the expense of another organism
a symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other organism is neither helped nor harmed
a symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit
What is a climax community?
a community consisting of pioneer organisms
stable community with little change in species numbers
community with no biotic factors
community left behind immediately after a forest fire
Which is a characteristic of a savanna?
a layer of frozen soil
areas of thick forests
grasses with trees intermixed
sand and rocky terrain
Which best describes the intertidal zone on a rocky shore?
The communities are stratified from the high-tide line to the low-tide line.
The organisms in the community constantly require dissolved oxygen.
The dominant low-energy community is likely to be an estuary.
The communities are adapted to shifting sands due to incoming waves.
Which defines a biome as a desert?
a region of few or no trees
annual rainfall less than 10 cm/yr
area with no organic matter in the soil
rate of evaporation higher than precipitation
Biomes are primarily classified by their __.
animal life
plant life
elevation
insects
A __ is a large geographic area with similar climax communities.
biome
savanna
tundra
coral reef
The aquatic ecosystem that has the greatest biodiversity is a(n)
bog
estuary
intertidal zone
swamp
