A hypothesis is:

Read the hypothesis below:

    If you run barefoot, then your speed will increase.

    Which of the following is the independent variable?

Matt is conducting an experiment on dish soap and has just finished analyzing his data. What will his next step be?

Which of the following is an example of an inference?

Cathy is designing an experiment to investigate how the material a cup is made of will affect how long it will keep her drink cold. Which step will increase the accuracy of her results?

Which of the following best describes the relationship between observation and inference?

I am conducting an experiment to see how changing the amount of light someone has while studying affects their test scores. In this experiment, which of the following would be the outcome variable?

Which of the following is an explanation for how a natural phenomenon works?

Which of the following is an example of repetition? 

Read the hypothesis below.

     If you drink soda before bed, then it will take you longer to fall asleep.

     Which of the following would be the control group in this experiment?

A hypothesis is only useful if:

Information collected using my 5 senses is known as:

Use the independent and dependent variable listed below to form a correctly written hypothesis.

     Independent Variable: driving speed

     Dependent Variable: amount of speeding tickets

     Which of the following is the correctly written hypothesis?

Which of the following correctly describes an independent variable?

An experiment must be:

I am conducting an experiment to see how eating carrots affects people’s vision. What would be a possible constant variable between the experimental group and control group?

Read the following question.

How does the use of fertilizer affect the speed of plant growth?

Which of the following would be a correctly written hypothesis for this question?

Which of the following is the variable that you are measuring?

You should only share your experimental results if your hypothesis is correct.

There can be multiple experimental groups in an experiment.

The first step of the scientific method is forming a hypothesis.

The dependent variable is the variable that you are measuring.

Replication is when you repeat trials within your own experiment.

There should be multiple constant variables in an experiment, not just one.

What is the result of a cell undergoing meiosis in humans?

How is meiosis related to sexual reproduction in humans?

Allen is observing a DNA strand. He notices a section of the DNA strand that contains instructions for the production of a specific protein. Allen then notices that the DNA strand seems to contain many different sections like this, each with different sets of instructions. What is Allen most likely looking at?

Which of the following steps occurs in the process of meiosis but does NOT occur in mitosis?

Which of the following describes the outcome of mitosis?

Which label should be used at point A?

Why do multicellular organisms use the process of mitosis?

Which of the following describes what is happening during stage 1?

The picture below shows a model of cell division.

How many chromosomes can we assume each daughter cell has?

Tina and George are best friends. Which statement BEST describes how Tina's DNA and genes compare to George's DNA and genes?

Which of the following statements best describes crossing over?

Susan is looking at a cell through a microscope and is trying to find where the DNA is located. Where should Susan look to find the cell's DNA?

Before a cell enters the mitosis phase, it goes through three other phases in the cell cycle. What happens during the cell cycle before the cell reaches mitosis?

Which of the following describes how asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction are different?

Which of these choices best describes a pedigree?

The diagram below shows the results of crossing a pea plant with smooth seeds and a pea plant with wrinkled seeds.

What can be determined from the results of the experiment?

Alisha and Rob would like to have children. A genetic counselor tells them that they are both carriers of a certain genetic disease. What does this mean?

Which of the following is an example of a homozygous recessive genotype?

A species of rabbit can have brown fur or white fur. One rabbit with two alleles for brown fur (BB) has brown fur. A second rabbit with two alleles for white fur (bb) has white fur. Which statement is true about the alleles B and b?

In pea plants, the allele which produces yellow peas, Y, is dominant to the allele which produces green peas, y. Two pea plants with yellow peas are crossed and produce some offspring with green peas. Which best explains why?

In fruit flies, red eyes are dominant (R) while white eyes are recessive (r). Complete the Punnett square below to represent a cross between a heterozygous fly and a homozygous dominant fly. What is the correct answer for box number 2? (Put the heterozygous parent on the top of the square)

In fruit flies, red eyes are dominant (R) while white eyes are recessive (r). Complete the Punnett square below to represent a cross between a heterozygous fly and a homozygous dominant fly. What would be the probability (% chance) these two fruit flies will have a child with white eyes?

In fruit flies, red eyes are dominant (R) while white eyes are recessive (r). Complete the Punnett square below to represent a cross between a heterozygous fly and a homozygous dominant fly. What would be the probability (% chance) these two fruit flies will have a child with Rr?

In bears, black fur is dominant to brown fur. The Punnett square below represents the cross between two black furred bears.

Which phenotype is their offspring most likely to have?

The Punnett square below shows the possible outcomes for a cross between two parents.

The genotype of one parent is shown. What is the genotype of the other parent?

Which of the following could be an example of a person’s phenotype for the eye color trait?

The pedigree chart below shows individuals with attached earlobes. Attached earlobes are recessive, occurring in individuals with the genotype ee. Note that this pedigree chart does not show carriers.

How many individuals in this pedigree chart have unattached earlobes? How many have attached earlobes?

The pedigree chart below shows individuals with attached earlobes. Attached earlobes are recessive, occurring in individuals with the genotype ee. Note that this pedigree chart does not show carriers.

Which of the following individuals has the genotype ee?

The pedigree chart below shows individuals with attached earlobes. Attached earlobes are recessive, occurring in individuals with the genotype ee. Note that this pedigree chart does not show carriers.

What is the most likely genotype for individual 1 in generation 1?

One flower is red (Rr) and is crossed with a white (rr) plant. What % will be a white flower?

Which of the following is a homozygous recessive genotype?

What percent shows the recessive trait?

Which term means how the organism looks?

What does a half shaded circle represent?

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Cell Theory developed by Schwann and Virchow?

All unicellular organisms:

Part of the cell theory states that all living things are made of one or more cells, but scientists had to find ways to test this theory. Which investigation should scientists use to test this part of the cell theory?

Which of the following structures do BOTH plant and animal cells have?

The following diagram shows a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell.

Which statement correctly identifies the eukaryotic cell and explains how to identify the eukaryotic cell?

Which organelle is the site of cellular respiration, the process that uses food to create energy?

Which of the following statements best describes the function of the Golgi apparatus?

Adam is studying a new type of organism he has found. He observes that the cells of the organism have mitochondria, a cell membrane, and a nucleus. He also observes that the cells do NOT have a cell wall. What type of organism has Adam most likely found?

Which of the following statements about the function of a cell’s nucleus is true?

It took many years and many scientists to create our modern cell theory. Over time, these scientists observed lots of different cells and noted the similarities and differences between them. This led to a lot of improvements in the cell theory, which could not have happened without advancements in technology. Which of the following types of technology played the biggest role in the creation and advancement of the cell theory?

__________ are the structures inside of a cell that perform specific jobs to keep the cell alive.

Which of the following correctly pairs a cellular structure with its function?

Which of the following statements about prokaryotes and eukaryotes is true?

Which of the following structures is found in plant cells but NOT animal cells?

Alex looks through a microscope and concludes that the cells he is observing are eukaryotic cells. Which of the following structures did Alex most likely observe to come to this conclusion?

Which structure plays the most important role in protecting an animal cell?

Sarah is a scientist that is trying to identify a mystery organism. She knows that the organism makes its own food using a process called photosynthesis, and it gets energy from that food after completing the process of cellular respiration. Based on the given information, which type of organism is Sarah most likely looking at?

Prokaryotic cells do not have DNA.

Humans are eukaryotes.

The endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for performing cellular respiration to make energy.

Sometimes cells need to bring particles into the cell that are too large to fit through the channels embedded in the cell membrane. The only way to bring them in is to use energy. Which of the following types of transportation would the cell use to get the particle in?

Where does cellular respiration take place?

Complete the following formula for cellular respiration:

_______ + glucose --> water + ________ + carbon dioxide

___________ is the maintenance of a stable internal state in a changing environment.

John is looking at cells through a microscope for an assignment. For the assignment, he must identify which cell structure is the most important in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Which of the following would be the correct answer for John’s assignment?

The process of photosynthesis occurs in the ______.

What are the products of photosynthesis?

While Haley is on a family vacation in Alaska, she decides to go out for a walk. While she is out, she becomes extremely cold, and her body begins to shiver. Shivering then raises her body temperature back up to normal. This is an example of:

Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following statements about cellular transport is true?

Only animals perform cellular respiration.

Humans do not perform photosynthesis.

Cellular respiration is the process used by plants to make food.

The reactants of photosynthesis are sugar and oxygen.

The cell membrane controls what enters and leaves a cell.

The main function of the respiratory system is to

What are the main structures of the respiratory system?

Which of the following BEST describes the functions of arteries and veins?

What type of blood vessel is the green arrow pointing to?

In the lungs, there are structures responsible for exchanging gases with your blood. These structures are sometimes referred to as “air sacs,” but are actually named _________.

________ is the fluid that carries gases, nutrients, and wastes through the body.

What type of blood vessel does blood travel in when it flows from the body to the heart?

Which of the following correctly describes what happens when blood flows into the lungs?

Julia goes to the doctor and finds out that she has been infected with a virus. Which part of Julia's blood is responsible for fighting against the invading virus?

Once blood is oxygenated, ________ carry the oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body.

Which of the following is found in your blood and is responsible for transporting oxygen to your cells?

Camila notices that every time she gets a very small cut in her skin, she bleeds more than normal. Which part of Sarah’s blood has the responsibility of clotting blood to prevent over-bleeding?

Where does the exchange of gases between the blood and the body cells occur?

Freddy contracts a disease that causes inflammation of the tube that leads to his bronchi. This structure is sometimes referred to as the windpipe. What is another name for this structure?

Which of the following best describes the movement of the diaphragm during breathing?

Your blood is always red.

Which of the following components accounts for the largest amount of your blood and carries nutrients and wastes?

What part of the heart stores oxygen poor blood?

When blood travels from the heart to the lungs, it is travelling through the ______ circuit.

When blood flows from the heart to the body, it is...

Which of the following best describes the function of the digestive system?

Which of the following steps in the digestive process is an example of chemical digestion?

Alice feels some pain in her chest after eating a big meal. Her doctor explains that the pain is caused by stomach acid being pushed upwards into the tube that connects her mouth to her stomach. Which digestive system structure is Alice’s doctor referring to?

Which of the following structures is considered an excretory system structure?

The esophagus and intestines use waves of muscular contractions to push food in the direction it needs to go. What is the name of these muscular contractions?

Which of the following best describes the relationship between the liver and the gallbladder?

Where does digested food travel to after it has been broken down by enzymes and acids in the stomach?

One of the methods your body uses to excrete wastes is through the lungs. What type of waste product is released from your body by your lungs?

Which of the following statements about mechanical and chemical digestion is TRUE?

Which of the following best describes the pathway of urine in the urinary system?

Some diseases cause the kidneys to not function properly. What could you assume would happen if a person’s kidneys did not work correctly?

What type of digestion occurs in the mouth?

Where does food travel once it exits the esophagus?

Which of the following BEST describes, in order, the pathway of food through the digestive system?

The group of organs that eliminates waste from the body is known as

Which organ serves as the LAST place chemical digestion occurs in the body?

Which tube takes urine from the bladder to the outside of the body?

Which organ helps the digestive system by producing digestive fluids to send to the small intestine?

True or false: the bladder makes urine.

True or false: sweating eliminates carbon dioxide from the body.

During an experiment, India examines prepared slides that her teacher has given her. One of the slides shows a single-celled organism that lives in soil. It has a nucleus and several internal structures. To which domain does the organism likely belong?

Which of the following identifies the levels of classification in the correct order?

Which of the following claims correctly describes a kingdom of Domain Eukarya?

What reasoning describes how members of Domain Eukarya are different from members of Domain Archaea and Domain Bacteria?

What are the two parts of a scientific name?

Scientists discover an organism that has many cells that all contain a nucleus and makes its own food. Which kingdom does this organism most likely belong to?

Jelal subscribes to a nature magazine. An article about the classification of mammals includes the following table.

Based on evidence in the table, which of the following is a claim that Jelal can make?

Kaitlynn wants to identify the characteristics that four organisms have in common. She uses the following table. 

Which organism should she identify as having the least in common with the other organisms?

Which level contains the most specific, smallest, and most closely related groups of organisms?

Which of the following best describes organisms in Kingdom Animalia?

What Kingdoms are in the Domain Eukarya?

In a scientific name, what does the first name indicate?

Archaea and Bacteria are made up of prokaryotes.  Which of the following BEST describes a prokaryote?

Which Kingdom is only autotrophic?

Which level of classification comes before order?

Jennifer discovers an organism and wants to classify it based on the levels of classification.  This is what she knows so far- it is made up of eukaryotic cells, it is multicellular, and it is heterotrophic.  Which Kingdom does this organism belong to?

Seaweed, algae, slime molds & milder are examples of which of the following

Which two organisms are LEAST closely related?

Randolph swabbed a countertop in his house, placed the swab under a microscope and discovered it is unicellular, is prokaryotic & reproduces asexually.  Which Kingdom does this organism belong to?

Which two organisms are MOST closely related?

After basketball practice, Tyler began feeling a sharp pain in his knee. He visited the doctor and found out that he had torn one of the many ligaments in his knee. Which of the following best describes the function of the ligament he injured? 

_________ are the smallest level of organization and are known as the building blocks of matter.

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

Sara is doing a project about the heart for her science class. For this project, she needs to discuss what a powerful organ the heart is, so she begins researching the type of muscle tissue found in the heart. Based on this information, which of the following muscles types is Sara most likely researching?

Each organ in our body has its own important job. But to keep our body functioning properly, these organs also need to work together to perform tasks like circulating blood or digesting food. Which level of organization is best described as a group of organs working together?

Which of the following describes the function of joints?

Tendons connect

Where in the body would you find skeletal muscle tissue?

Which part of your bone has the important function of storing minerals?

Which level of organization is smaller than a cell?

How do your skeletal and muscular systems work together?

Which of the following describes the site where two or more bones meet?

Each body system is composed of structures that work together. Which of the following groups of structures are part of the skeletal system?

What part of the bone produces blood cells?

Which of the following levels of classification is the largest?

Which type of muscle tissue is considered involuntary?

Muscles always _____; never _____.

What is the tough band of tissue that holds bones together?

How many bones are there in the adult human body?

What are involuntary muscles that are found in the stomach and bladder?