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Semester 2 Final Review

Total questions: 175

Worksheet time: 3hrs 25mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which of the lists below has all of the levels of classification in the correct order?
a)
Kingdom class phylum genus order species family
b)
Class Phylum Kingdom Species Family Order Genus
c)
Kingdom Family Class Order Phylum Genus Species
d)
Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species
2.
Scientific names are written using which two levels of classification?
a)
Kingdom phylum
b)
Kingdom class
c)
Species genus
d)
Genus species
3.
Which of the following levels of classification would have organisms that had the most in common?
a)
Phylum
b)
Family
c)
Order 
d)
Kingdom
4.
Which of the following is the least closely related animal:
Gray Wolf: Canis lupus
Aardwolf: Proteles cristatus
Coyote: Canis latrans
a)
Coyote
b)
Aardwolf
c)
Gray Wolf
d)
Need more information on body characteristics
5.
Organisms that are unicellular, plant-like or animal-like or fungus-like, live in damp or wet places like ponds, rivers, or streams.
a)
Kingdom Fungi
b)
Kingdom Plantae
c)
Kingdom Animalia
d)
Kingdom Protista
6.
Organisms that are multicellular, photosynthetic autotrophs, reproduce sexually or asexually belong to this Kingdom:
a)
Animalia
b)
Fungi
c)
Monera
d)
Plantae
7.
Organisms that are eukaryotic, unicellular OR multicellular, decomposers or parasites belong to this Kingdom:
a)
Protista
b)
Fungi
c)
Plantae
d)
Archaebacteria
8.
A group of organisms that look alike and can reproduce among themselves is known as a:
a)
Genus
b)
Phylum
c)
Species
d)
Animal Family
9.
As you move down the classification pyramid, the variety of organisms:
a)
Increases
b)
Stays the same
c)
Decreases
d)
Doubles
10.
Several different classes make up a
a)
Kingdom
b)
Phylum
c)
Family
d)
Genus
11.
Which are the two highest level taxa in the Linnaean system?
a)
kingdom and order
b)
domain and phylum
c)
phylum and kingdom
d)
genus and kingdom
12.
Which of the six kingdoms correspond to the domain Eukarya?
a)
the kingdoms Eubacteria and Archaebacteria only
b)
the kingdoms Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protista, and Fungi only
c)
the kingdoms Plantae and Animalia only
d)
the kingdoms Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia only
13.
Fungi are different from plants primarily because they
a)
are nonmotile.
b)
contain chlorophyll.
c)
are heterotrophic.
d)
have cell walls.
14.
The image shows a multicellular organism. This organism lives in water and can best be viewed using a microscope. It often reproduces asexually by budding, has no cell walls, and obtains energy by eating other organisms. Into what kingdom would you classify this organism?
a)
Animalia
b)
Fungi
c)
Plantae
d)
Protista
15.
Marine sponges are multicellular organisms that can live on coral reefs. Their cells do not have cell walls. They eat by filtering organic particles and plankton out of water. Sponges belong to which kingdom?
a)
Animalia
b)
Fungi
c)
Plantae
d)
Archeabacteria
16.
What is taxonomy?
a)
A two-word naming system for describing organisms
b)
A classification system based on shared characteristics
c)
A method of observing living organisms in their natural environment
d)
A process for using radioactive elements to date fossils
17.
The scientific name of the sugar maple is Acer saccharum. What does the second part of the name, saccharum, designate?
a)
Genus
b)
Species
c)
Family
d)
Kingdom
18.
The table shows characteristics of several organisms. Based on the information given in the table, which two organisms would you think have the most recent common ancestor?
a)
Turtle and jawed fish
b)
Lamprey and jawed fish
c)
Turtle and frog
d)
Lamprey and frog
19.

A rabbit is running away from a fox.

Which organ systems (3) are mainly interacting in this scenario

a)

digestive

b)

muscular

c)

respiratory

d)

skeletal

e)

integumentary

20.

Which human body systems are directly involved in reflex actions, such as knee jerk, blinking, and jumping when startled?

a)

cardiovascular & respiratory

b)

digestive & excretory

c)

nervous & muscular

d)

reproductive & skeletal

21.

Which two body systems interact in the lungs to carry and disperse gas molecules throughout the body?

a)

urinary & reproductive system

b)

endocrine & lymphatic system

c)

nervous & muscular system

d)

cardiovascular & respiratory system

22.

Which organ systems are responsible for regulating body temperature and blood sugar levels?

a)

integumentary and endocrine systems

b)

endocrine & excretory systems

c)

nervous & endocrine systems

d)

endocrine & cardiovascular system

23.

Last night Jane began to feel like she had a stopped up nose. Today she thinks she has come down with a cold. she went to the doctor and her temperature was 102 degrees and her white blood cell count determined she has an infection. Which organ systems is mainly responsible for this scenario

a)

integumentary

b)

cardiovascular

c)

muscular

d)

immune

24.

Each organ system coordinates with other organ systems through

a)

identical sensors and targets

b)

their stem cells

c)

connective and muscular tissue

d)

chemical and nerve messengers

25.

The long term affect(s) of a disruption of homeostasis in the human body can lead to...

a)

regulation of the internal environment

b)

the immune system takes control of the body

c)

destruction of organ system(s)

d)

establishment of feedback mechanisms

26.

What is the name of the proteins released from specialized glands that carry messages throughout the body?

a)

targets

b)

sensors

c)

hormones

d)

organs

27.

When organ systems work together, they form another level of organization called...

a)

an organism

b)

tissues

c)

cells

d)

organs

28.

Why must organs in an organ systems interact ?

a)

each organ has to oversee the functioning of other organs

b)

organ tissues are not specialized, so they work together

c)

no organ can function without positive feedback

d)

each organ alone cannot perform all the necessary tasks

29.

This body system breaks down ingested substances into biomolecules that can be used by the body

a)

digestive

b)

immune

c)

cardiovascular

d)

urinary

30.

Hormones and gland are included in this system

a)

digestive

b)

immune

c)

endocrine

d)

excretory

31.

Which body systems interact when increased blood flow carries white blood cells to the site of an injury

a)

immune and cardiovascular

b)

muscular and digestive

c)

immune and endocrine

d)

excretory and integumentary

32.

Which two body systems help control hormone levels to prepare the body for pregnancy?

a)

reproductive and immune

b)

skeletal and cardiovascular

c)

immune and digestive

d)

endocrine and reproductive

33.

The body systems that work together to protect you from foreign pathogens are...

a)

integumentary and immune

b)

endocrine and digestive

c)

lymphatic and muscular

d)

respiratory and cardiovascular

34.

Which two body systems work together to break down food into chemical energy and rid the body of the waste produced during this process?

a)

skeletal and endocrine

b)

nervous and immune

c)

digestive and excretory

d)

muscular and skeletal

35.

Which two systems interact to remove wastes from the blood?

a)

digestive and muscular

b)

cardiovascular and excretory

c)

immune and respiratory

d)

nervous and skeletal

36.

Which organs systems interact in the following scenario: The pituitary gland in the base of the skull releases hormones that control blood pressure

a)

endocrine and cardiovascular

b)

immune and nervous

c)

respiratory and integumentary

d)

skeletal and muscular

37.

Internal water balance is very important. When we have enough water our urine is clear. When we need more water, our urine is darker yellow. This is regulated by the kidneys, which are part of the ____________________- system.

a)

cardiovascular

b)

digestive

c)

excretory

d)

nervous

38.

Which body systems work together to supply the body's cells with oxygen?

a)

muscular and respiratory

b)

respiratory and immune

c)

cardiovascular and respiratory

d)

nervous and excretory

39.

Which of the following systems DOES NOT work to defensed the body?

a)

integumentary

b)

immune

c)

endocrine

40.

Which organ system uses blood vessels to transport blood, which carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, etc. throughout the body

a)

cardiovascular

b)

endocrine

c)

respiratory

d)

digestive

41.

Which organ system protects and supports body organs and provides a framework the muscles use to support movement. Made up of bones and joints

a)

skeletal

b)

muscular

c)

integumentary

d)

nervous

42.

Which three systems work together to move the body?

a)

skeletal, respiratory, digestive

b)

nervous, cardiovascular, skeletal

c)

skeletal, muscular, nervous

d)

cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive

43.

How does the cardiovascular system help the muscular system?

a)

protects muscles

b)

sends messages to the muscles to contract

c)

brings oxygen into the body

d)

delivers nutrients and oxygen to muscle tissue

44.

The muscular system interacts with the ____________ system as it helps break down and move the food we eat through our bodies.

a)

digestive

b)

nervous

c)

excretory

d)

skeletal

45.

Our brain is a part of our _______________ system and it interacts with our ___________________ system to coordinate movements throughout our bodies.

a)

nervous, muscular

b)

muscular, nervous

c)

nervous, cardiovascular

d)

excretory, muscular

46.

The cardiovascular system interacts with the ___________ system to remove waste from our blood and produce urine.

a)

nervous

b)

excretory

c)

digestive

d)

cardiovascular

47.

The cardiovascular system interacts with the ___________________ system when as it surrounds the small intestine, broken down food is delivered in the blood to all of the body’s cells.

a)

nervous

b)

excretory

c)

digestive

d)

muscular

48.

The immune system interacts with the ___________________ system because most of the immune cells travel in the blood.

a)

muscular

b)

digestive

c)

cardiovascular

d)

respiratory

49.

Which organs systems interact in the following scenario: The pelvis protects a developing fetus from injury.

a)

skeletal and reproductive

b)

muscular and integumentary

c)

endocrine and digestive

d)

immune and urinary

50.

Which two systems interact to remove wastes from the body?

a)

digestive and muscular

b)

digestive and excretory

c)

immune and respiratory

d)

nervous and skeletal

51.

Which organs systems interact in the following scenario: Langerhans cells are present in the epidermis of the skin and provide the first line of defense against infections by initiating an inflammatory response when pathogens enter.

a)

cardiovascular and digestive

b)

endocrine and respiratory

c)

integumentary and immune

d)

nervous and muscular

52.

Which organ system is composed of a network of vessels, ducts, nodes, and organs. It also provides defense against infection.

a)

lymphatic

b)

cardiovascular

c)

respiratory

d)

digestive

53.

Which organ system functions to breaks down food into smaller molecules that are transported and absorbed by our cells to create energy

a)

digestive

b)

urinary

c)

reproductive

d)

cardiovascular

54.

Which organs systems interact in the following scenario: The ribs and sternum form a protective cage

a)

immune and cardiovascular

b)

skeletal and respiratory

c)

muscular and digestive

d)

integumentary and urinary

55.

Plants have a tissue system that forms the first line of defense against physical damage and disease and is the plant's outer protective covering. Which body system is similar to the plant's tissue system?

a)

endocrine

b)

integumentary

c)

skeletal

d)

digestive

56.

These two systems primarily work together to maintain homeostasis

a)

digestive and immune

b)

nervous and endocrine

c)

skeletal and muscular

d)

reproductive and excretory

57.

Which two body systems help control hormone levels to prepare the body for pregnancy?

a)

reproductive and immune

b)

skeletal and cardiovascular

c)

immune and digestive

d)

endocrine and reproductive

58.

The bell rings at the end of class and you jump to head for the door.

Which organ systems (3) are mainly interacting in this scenario

a)

nervous system

b)

muscular system

c)

skeletal system

d)

integumentary

e)

digestive system

59.

You eat a chick nugget meal from Chick-Fil-A. Your body breaks down the food into necessary nutrients and distributes them to your cells for cellular processes

Which organ systems (2) are mainly interacting in this scenario

a)

nervous system

b)

integumentary system

c)

skeletal system

d)

cardiovascular system

e)

digestive system

60.

You are a mountain climber exploring the high mountain peaks. As you climb higher you begin to take deeper breaths as your heart races to ensure your cells get enough oxygen and nutrients for cellular respiration

Which organ systems (2) are mainly interacting in this scenario

a)

nervous system

b)

integumentary system

c)

respiratory system

d)

cardiovascular system

e)

digestive system

61.
Which of the following is the correct equation for PHOTOSYNTHESIS?
a)
CO2 + light + H2O --> O2 + Sugar
b)
CO2 + sugar + H2O --> O2 + light
c)
O2 + light + H2O --> CO2 + Sugar
d)
CO2 + O2 + H2O --> Light+ Sugar
62.
After photosynthesis, plants store their energy as _________ .
a)
chlorophyll
b)
pigment
c)
glucose (sugar)
d)
Oxygen
63.
Which choice correctly shows the gases that enter and exit plants during photosynthesis?
a)
Enter: Oxygen
Exit: Carbon dioxide
b)
Enter: Water vapor
Exit: Glucose
c)
Enter: Carbon dioxide
Exit: Oxygen
d)
Enter: Light
Exit: Water vapor
64.
What is the chemical formula for glucose?
a)
C6H12O6
b)
C6H6O12
c)
C12H6O12
d)
C6O2H6
65.

Stomates have multiple functions. Select the two answers that best describe what stomates do.

a)

allow carbon dioxide into the leaf

b)

allow oxygen out of the leaf

c)

allow sunlight into the leaf

d)

allow sugars out of the leaf

66.

The shoot system is the part of the plant that is ________________________________.

a)

below the ground

b)

above the ground

c)

in the water

d)

In the tree

67.

In a plant cell this what surrounds the cell membrane and separates the cell from the environment.

a)

cell wall

b)

vacuole

c)

chloroplast

d)

tissue

68.

Green substance that turn the leaves green

a)

Chlorophyll

b)

Roots

c)

Green Paint

d)

Spore

69.

Phloem transports

a)

water

b)

sugar

c)

oxygen

d)

carbon dioxide

70.

Xylem transports...

a)

water

b)

sugar

c)

oxygen

d)

carbon dioxide

71.

Leaves are composed of vascular tissue that brings water in so that ground tissue can conduct photosynthesis. Based on this information, what level of organization describes leaves?

a)

Tissue

b)

Organ

c)

Organ system

d)

Organism

72.

Trees that grow in a forest tend to grow very tall, with few branches. The same species of tree grown in an open area tends to grow shorter and wider, with many branches. The stimulus responsible for these different growth patterns is the amount of -

a)

wind striking the tree

b)

light reaching the tree

c)

nutrients in the soil

d)

water in the ground

73.

Seeds are the offspring of mature plants. If a seed germinates and survives, it will grow to become a mature plant. Based on this information, what level of organization describes seeds?

a)

Tissue

b)

Organ

c)

Organ system

d)

Organism

74.

Plants are complex organisms that are composed of multiple layers of organization. Which of the following best represents the organization of the root system from most complex to least complex?

a)

root system → root → phloem → cell

b)

root system → cell → phloem → root

c)

root system → phloem → root → cell

d)

root system → root → cell → phloem

75.

The diagram illustrates a seed germinating. Many forces, including responses to moisture, light, temperature, and gravity are at work in this process.

Which of the following correctly describes two of the seedling's responses to stimuli?

a)

phototropism and gravitropism

b)

thigmotrophism and gravitropism

c)

thigmotrophism and hydrotropism

d)

Phototropism and thigmotrophism

76.

The diagram illustrates a seed germinating. Many forces, including responses to moisture, temperature, and gravity, are at work in this process.

Which part of the seedling demonstrates a response to gravity?

a)

I

b)

II

c)

III

d)

IV

77.

Students observed a plant left by a window over several days. The plant was watered daily. After three days, the plant began to grow towards the window as shown in the picture.


Which of the following best explains the student’s observations?

a)

Heat from the Sun caused the plant to grow towards the window.

b)

The plant is leaning towards the window to get fresh air.

c)

The plant is responding to the stimulus of sunlight.

d)

The plant is responding to water in the air and growing towards it.

78.
what is the function of xylem tissue?
a)

transports water and minerals

b)

control the opening and closing of stoma

c)

carry out photosynthesis

d)

provide support for young plant

79.
Which of the following structures allows for gas exchange between a leaf and the atmosphere?
a)
Cuticle
b)
Phloem
c)
Stomata
d)
Xylem
80.
Where is the site of photosynthesis in plants?
a)
stomata
b)
guard cells
c)
chloroplasts
d)
waxy cuticle
81.
What is the function of vascular tissue?
a)
physical support of the plant
b)
transport water and nutrients
c)
defend against predators
82.
Xylem and phloem are examples of what tissue type?
a)
Vascular tissue
b)
Root tissue
c)
Dermal tissue
d)
Ground tissue
83.

What process do plants go through to create glucose

a)

Cellular Respiration

b)

Photosynthesis

c)

Light Reaction

d)

Calvin Cycle

84.
What type of vascular tissue is responsible for transporting the sugars made in photosynthesis from the leaves to the roots?
a)
Cuticle
b)
Phloem
c)
Stomata
d)
Xylem
85.
Everything above the ground in plants is called...
a)

Photosynthesis

b)

Xylem

c)

Root system

d)

Shoot system

86.

What do you call an animal that only eats plants?

a)

niche

b)

carnivore

c)

parasite

d)

herbivore

e)

predator

87.

What is the general term used to describe the interaction between two different organisms that are living in close physical association?

a)

photosynthesis

b)

symbiosis

c)

habitat

d)

prey

e)

omnivore

88.

This term describes a consumer that feeds only on other consumers - in other words, the 'opposite' of vegan…

a)

mutualsim

b)

niche

c)

prey

d)

autotroph

e)

carnivore

89.

The animal in an ecological relationship that results in another animal being hunted, killed, and eaten…

a)

autotroph

b)

habitat

c)

predator

d)

herbivore

e)

producer

90.

The non-living part of an ecosystem

a)

niche

b)

abiotic

c)

biotic

d)

ecosystem

e)

biosphere

91.

An ecological symbiotic relationship between two organisms where one benefits and the other is harmed…

a)

parasitism

b)

herbivore

c)

mutualism

d)

carnivore

e)

commensalism

92.

This is the job or role of a specific organism within its habitat...

a)

producer

b)

prey

c)

carnivore

d)

niche

e)

photosynthesis

93.

What you would call an ecological symbiotic relationship between two organisms where one benefits, but the other is not helped or harmed?

a)

mutualsim

b)

predator

c)

commensalism

d)

parasitism

e)

herbivory

94.

The name of the process that producers use to make their own food…

a)

respiration

b)

commensalism

c)

food chains

d)

photosynthesis

e)

symbiosis

95.

Another word for a plant or other producer that makes its own food using energy from sunlight…

a)

photosynthesis

b)

autotroph

c)

consumer

d)

carnivore

e)

herbivore

96.

Technically speaking, ALL food chains should end with these types of organisms so that nutrients can be recycled back into the habitat…

a)

parasites

b)

predators

c)

herbivores

d)

symbiotes

e)

decomposers

97.

What is the term used to describe ALL of the populations of ALL the species of living organisms within a particular habitat?

a)

savanna

b)

wildlife

c)

community

d)

habitat

e)

ecosystem

98.

The term used to include all of the living things PLUS all the non-living things together in a specific environment...

a)

community

b)

biosphere

c)

habitat

d)

population

e)

ecosystem

99.

What do you call the total count of a specific organism living within their natural habitat?

a)

ecosystem

b)

community

c)

population

d)

symbiosis

e)

niche

100.

What ecological relationship is depicted between Pumba (warthog) and the bugs?

a)

Competition, because pumba is in competition with the bugs for food sources

b)

Mutualistic, because Pumba and the bugs benefit each other

c)

Predator-Prey, because Pumba is a predator that consumes bug as prey

101.

Marlin and his son, Nemo, are clownfish that live in a sea anemone. Clownfish benefit by receiving protection and shelter from the sea anemone. The clownfish, in return, scares away predators of the sea anemone and provides nutrients for the sea anemone through its excrement (waste). The symbiotic relationship between Nemo and the sea anemone is known as -

a)

parasitism

b)

commensalism

c)

predator-prey

d)

competition

e)

mutualism

102.

The flock of white seagulls that are fighting over a single food source (Nemo & Dory) depicts which ecological relatioship?

a)

Intraspecies Competition

b)

Mutualism

c)

Parasitism

d)

Commensalism

103.

The pearlfish receives protection from predators by living inside a sea cucumber. The sea cucumber is not affected during this interaction. This ecological relationship is known as -

a)

predator-prey because the pearlfish is prey to the sea cucumber

b)

mutualism because only the pearlfish benefits in this ecological relationship

c)

parasitism because the pearlfish causes harm to the host sea cucumber

d)

commensalism because only the pearlfish benefits while the sea cucumber is not affected

e)

competition because the sea cucumber and pearlfish often fight for living space

104.

A pair of red, male kangaroos are seen fighting over a potential mate. The ecological relationship between the two male kangaroos shown is -

a)

Commensalism

b)

Mutualism

c)

Predator-Prey

d)

Competition

105.
What is formed during primary succession that doesn't need to be formed during secondary succession?
a)
pioneer species
b)
soil
c)
climax community
d)
lichens
106.
What type of succession is shown going from figure A to figure B?
a)
primary succession
b)
eutrophication
c)
secondary succession
d)
intermediate
107.
After a forest fire, an ecosystem would start regrowth through -
a)
primary succession
b)
secondary succession
c)
climax community
d)
limiting factors
108.
Which catastrophic event will most likely have the effect of returning an ecosystem to primary succession?
a)
A tornado
b)
A volcanic eruption
c)
A flood
d)
A drought
109.
succession that occurs in an area with no soil
a)
ecological succession 
b)
primary succession 
c)
secondary succession
d)
pioneer speciles
110.
succession that occurs in an area where soil is already present
a)
ecological succession 
b)
primary succession 
c)
secondary succession
d)
pioneer speciles
111.
this type of succession occurs after a forest fire
a)
primary succession
b)
secondary succession
c)
both
112.

If farmers use a controlled burn to prevent forest fires, what would most likely be the first plants to return?

a)

trees

b)

shrubs

c)

mosses

d)

grasses

113.

Breaking News! A new island has formed off of Hawaii! What must occur for it to become an ecosystem?

a)

Secondary Succession

b)

Aquatic succession

c)

Primary Succession

d)

Ferns must grow

114.

Which would result in primary succession?

a)

volcano destroying habitat leaving only soil and ash

b)

Tornado destroying a crop leaving very little soil

c)

Glacier retreating exposing bare rock

d)

limiting factors

115.

Primary succession occurs in areas with:

a)

very little soil

b)

lots of soil

c)

no soil

d)

soil that has been disturbed

116.
How do lichens contribute to primary succession?
a)
Lichens decompose organic matter from animals and plants
b)
Lichens begin to break down rock to form soil
c)
Lichens are nitrogen fixing bacteria
d)
Lichens convert carbohydrates into fossil fuels.
117.
Natural disasters such as flooding and tornadoes are linked to ________________.
a)
primary
b)
secondary
c)
old field
d)
ecosystem
118.

The picture shows what type of succession?

a)

primary

b)

secondary

c)

tertiary

d)

quadanary

119.
What is the name given to lichen or algae after a primary succession?
a)
pioneer species
b)
volunteer species
c)
founder species
d)
conqueror species
120.

After a volcanic eruption, lava covers the land. What is the order that plants grow to repopulate the area?

a)

Lichens → Shrubs → Grasses → Trees

b)

Lichens → tree → shrubs→Grasses

c)

Grasses → Lichens → Shrubs → Trees

d)

Lichens → Grasses → Shrubs → Trees

121.

The process in which nitrogen circulates and is recycled is called

a)

The nitrogen cycle

b)

The carbon cycle

c)

The water cycle

d)

The phosphorus cycle

122.

Organisms that need nitrogen to survive.

a)

only plants

b)

only animals

c)

only nitrophilic bacteria

d)

all living things

123.

How do animals get the nitrogen they need?

a)

From the air they breathe

b)

From the water they drink

c)

From the food they eat

d)

From the sun

124.

What is the formula for atmospheric nitrogen?

a)

N

b)

N2

c)

NH3

d)

NO3

125.

Gas that makes up 78% of our atmosphere.

a)

Oxygen

b)

Nitrogen

c)

Hydrogen

d)

Carbon Dioxide

126.

According to this diagram, plants use nitrogen to make _________________________

a)

bacteria

b)

animals

c)

proteins

d)

decomposers

127.

According to this diagram, plants absorb

a)

nitrates

b)

nitrogen fixing bacteria

c)

animals

d)

decomposers

128.

According to this diagram, animals get proteins from eating ________________________

a)

decomposers

b)

bacteria

c)

plants

d)

sunlight

129.

Bacteria fix nitrogen from the atmosphere into a form plants can use.

a)

True

b)

False

130.

What is the process where plants use nitrates to grow?

a)

Nitrogen Fixation

b)

Ammonification

c)

Assimilation

d)

Nitrification

131.

What is the process where bacteria turns Nitrogen gas from the atmospheres into usable compounds?

a)

nitrogen composition

b)

nitrogen fixation

c)

ammonia

d)

denitrification

132.
Organisms that break down dead plants & animals and release nitrogen back into atmosphere...
a)
bacteria
b)
plants
c)
animals
d)
producers
133.
Plants and animals cannot use nitrogen directly from the air.
a)
True
b)
False
134.
What happens when organisms die and decay? 
a)
Their bodies are lifted up
b)
Their nitrogen returns to the soil
c)
they keep their nitrogen
d)
They stay on earth forever
135.

_____ is the conversion of organic nitrogen into ammonia

a)

Nitrogen Fixation

b)

Ammonification

c)

Denitrification

d)

Assimilation

136.
Nitrification happens in the ______
a)
Air 
b)
Soil 
c)
Ground Water 
d)
Plants 
137.
Organisms that play a role in the nitrogen cycle
a)
only plants
b)
only animals
c)
only bacteria
d)
plants, animals, & bacteria
138.

Bacteria that fix nitrogen into a form plants can use may be found

a)

In root nodules

b)

In leaves

c)

In the air

d)

In the body of decomposers

139.

What is the main reservoir of nitrogen?

a)

Water bodies

b)

Plants

c)

Atmosphere

d)

Soil

140.

The process that convert nitrates (NO3-) back to nitrogen gas (N2) there by replenishing N2 in the atmosphere is called

a)

Nitrogen fixation

b)

Deamination

c)

Denitrification

d)

Nitrification

141.
oxygen is a gas produced by _ and used by  _ 
a)
plants and animals 
b)
photosynthesis and carbon dioxide 
c)
animals and plants 
d)
carbon dioxide and photosynthesis
142.
All of the carbon in existence is continually recycled in the carbon cycle
a)
True
b)
False
143.
Which of the following removes carbon from the atmosphere?
a)
Combustion
b)
Respiration
c)
Photosynthesis
d)
Death
144.
What does NOT produce carbon dioxide?
a)
Photosynthesis
b)
Burning Fossil Fuels
c)
Animal respiration
d)
Plants decaying
145.
Combustion is another word for __________.
a)
Transportation
b)
Respiration
c)
Fossil Fuels
d)
Burning
146.

Which gas do plants release, that humans depend on for survival?

a)

Water

b)

Carbon Dioxide

c)

Oxygen

d)

Sugar

147.

Plants use ____________ to make their own food

a)

Water

b)

Sunlight

c)

Carbon dioxide

d)

All of these

148.
Respiration is the process by which animals take in _____ and release _____. 
a)
photosynthesis, air
b)
carbon, oxygen
c)
oxygen
d)
oxygen, carbon dioxide
149.

Which statement is an example of how carbon moves through a food chain as part of the cycle?

a)

Producers release carbon dioxide, and consumers take it it.

b)

Producers take in carbon dioxide, and consumers release it.

c)

Producers take in carbon from the soil, and they release it when they decompose.

d)

Producers release carbon into the soil, and consumers take it in from the soil.

150.
Organisms that do not decompose can be buried and become what?
a)
water
b)
nutrients
c)
air
d)
fossil fuels
151.
When humans burn fossil fuels, most of the carbon quickly enters the                       as carbon dioxide.
a)
Water
b)
Atmosphere
c)
Sun
d)
Air
152.

Which process(es) release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere?

a)

respiration

b)

combustion

c)

photosynthesis

d)

feeding

153.

What type of organism receives carbon present in dead plants and animals?

a)

producer

b)

primary consumer

c)

secondary consumer

d)

decomposer

154.

Which process removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?

a)

deforestation

b)

tree farms

c)

burning fossil fuels

d)

cellular respiration

155.

When organisms die, what process returns their carbon back into the atmosphere?

a)

Respiration

b)

Decomposition

c)

Combustion

d)

Erosion

156.

what is an adaptation?

a)

a change in behavior or physical aspect of an organism in order to be better suited to survive in a particular environment.

b)

a change that an organism quickly develps to survive

c)

a unique characteristic that makes an organsism more dominant

d)

a shift in an organisms behavior

157.

Adaptations can be...

a)

mutations

b)

Behaviors

c)

both behavioral & physical

d)

Phyisical characteristics

158.

Adapatation are caused by

a)

natural selection

b)

harsh environmets

c)

unique organisms

d)

evolution

159.

Adaptations allow organisms to:

a)

To grow bigger

b)

To be better suited to survive

c)

To be more intimidating

d)

To withstand the conditions of the environment they live in

160.

Adapatations lead to...

a)

Unique organisms

b)

Evolution

c)

Mutations

d)

Stronger Organsisms

161.

Adaptations that desert plants have include

a)

waxy cutticles

b)

hairy stems

c)

thin leaves

d)

short roots

162.

Which would be an adaptation useful in a cold biome?

a)

Being of a smaller size

b)

Being active during the cooler times of day

c)

Blubber/fat

d)

Having dark fur

163.

Which adaptations would help animals in a cold biome such as the tundra will to survive?

a)

Thick fur

b)

A thick layer of fat

c)

Bright coloration

d)

Spots

164.

What would an animal in the desert most likely do to stay cool?

a)

lay underneath the sun

b)

Drink a lot of water

c)

eat succulentsthat are high in water content

d)

stay in a burrow during the hottest times of day

165.

What would be the most useful adaptation for a rabbit in the snow...

a)

camoflauge

b)

having long ears

c)

having strong legs

d)

strong teeth

166.

What is an adaptation?

a)

A change in behavior or physical aspect of an organism in order to be better suited to survive in a particular environment.

b)

A change that an organism quickly develps to survive

c)

A unique characteristic that makes an organsism more dominant

d)

A shift in an organisms behavior

167.

Adaptations can be...

a)

Mutations

b)

Behaviors

c)

Both behavioral and physical

d)

Phyisical characteristics

168.

Adaptations are driven by

a)

Changes in the environment

b)

an organisms wanting to change

c)

unique organisms

d)

evolution

169.

Why do organisms have adaptations?

a)

Homeostasis

b)

To be better suited to survive

c)

To be more intimidating

d)

To withstand the conditions of the environment they live in

170.

Adapatations lead to...

a)

Unique organisms

b)

Evolution

c)

Mutations

d)

Stronger Organsisms

171.

Adaptations that desert plants have include

a)

Thick waxy cuticles to prevent water loss

b)

Spines to prevent predators from eating them

c)

Thick water storing leaves

d)

fur

172.

Which would be an adaptation useful in a cold biome?

a)

Being of a smaller size

b)

Being active during the cooler times of day

c)

Blubber/fat

d)

Having dark fur

173.

Plants in a cold biome such as the tundra will most likely have which adaptation?

a)

have broad extended leaves

b)

seasonaly loose their leaves

c)

thin branches

d)

Thin needle like leaves

174.

what would an animal in the desert most likely do to stay cool?

a)

lay underneath the sun

b)

Drink a lot of water

c)

eat succulentsthat are high in water content

d)

stay in a burrow during the hottest times of day

175.

What would be the most useful adaptation for a rabbit in the snow...

a)

camoflauge

b)

having long ears

c)

having strong legs

d)

strong teeth

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