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8th Grade Semester 2 Review

Total questions: 94

Worksheet time: 1hrs 5mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
The name of our galaxy is the
a)
Andromeda
b)
Milky Way
c)
Magellan
d)
Whirlpool
2.
The Milky Way is shaped like a
a)
ellipse
b)
spiral
c)
double spiral
3.
All stars begin as a __________?
a)
giant
b)
black hole
c)
white dwarf
d)
nebula
4.
Place these objects in order from smallest to largest.
a)
Planets, solar system, universe, galaxy
b)
Solar system, planets, galaxy, universe
c)
Planets, solar system, galaxy, universe
d)
Galaxy, solar system, planets, universe
5.
In the diagram given, what happens as we move to the left?
a)
Stars Get Larger
b)
Stars get Colder
c)
Stars get hotter
6.
Which star is the coldest?
a)
Yellow Star
b)
Red Star
c)
Orange Star
d)
Blue Star
7.
What is this phase?
a)
Waxing Crescent
b)
Waxing Gibbous
c)
Waning Crescent
d)
First Quarter
8.
Which model shows the positions of the sun, the moon, and Earth that have the greatest effect on ocean tides?
a)
F
b)
G
c)
H
d)
J
9.
What will be the moon phase 7 nights later?
a)
F
b)
G
c)
H
d)
J
10.
Which diagram shows the greatest difference in tides (extremely high tide and extreme low tide?)
a)
A
b)
B
11.
What is a front?
a)
The boundary where two like air masses meet.
b)
The boundary where two unlike air masses meet
12.
A severe storm that involves strong winds and forms over warm water is:
a)
tornado
b)
thunderstorm
c)
hurricane
d)
blizzard
13.

What does the rotation of the earth cause us to experience?

a)

Seasons

b)

Day and night

c)

Year

d)

Summer

14.

What is the term used to describe the motion of the Earth around the Sun?

a)

Resolution

b)

Rotation

c)

Revolution

d)

Round

15.

Why is the Equator warmest?

a)

Because it is closest to the sun.

b)

Because it receives the most direct sunlight

c)

Because no clouds form here.

d)

Because it is far from the sun

16.

Which of the following best describes the tilt of the earth when it is summer in the southern hemisphere?

a)

The northern hemisphere is tilted toward the sun

b)

The northern hemisphere is tilted away from the sun

c)

The southern hemisphere is tilted toward the sun

d)

The southern hemisphere is tilted away from the sun

17.
What season is letter A in the northern hemisphere?
a)
Winter
b)
Summer
c)
Spring
d)
Fall
18.
An inherited trait that increases an organism's chance of surviving and reproducing.
a)
variation
b)
adaptation
c)
vestigial structure
d)
mutation
19.
Recently, a family of bobcats moved into an area with a large rabbit population. What changes may occur in the ecosystem?
a)
The rabbit population may increase
b)
The rabbit population may decrease
c)
The rabbit population may increase first, then decrease
d)
The rabbit population will remain the same
20.
What is the elevation of point B?
a)

800 ft

b)

850 ft

c)

900 ft

d)

1000 ft

21.
What is the difference in elevation between Point X and Point Y?
a)
120 m
b)
240 m
c)
360 m
d)
340 m
22.

Which side is steeper?

a)

The left side of the hill

b)

The right side of the hill

23.

If sea level always equals (0), and the contour interval is 10 feet how tall is this mountain?

a)

30 ft

b)

40 ft

c)

50 ft

d)

60 ft

24.
Determine the contour interval:
a)
5 m
b)
10 m
c)
15 m
d)
20 m
25.

Drag your hotspot to the hillside with a STEEPER incline.

A
B
26.

Reorder the following from LOWEST to HIGHEST elevation.

a)

D

b)

A

c)

B

d)

C

e)

E

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
27.

Match the topographic map to its profile.

a)
b)
c)
d)
28.
If contour lines are close together, then the slope is
a)
gentle
b)
steep
c)
flat
d)
going up and down
29.
How many peaks are on the map? (hill tops)
a)
4
b)
3
c)
2
d)
1
30.

The satellite photograph shows an area in Alaska after a fire occurred. Which statement best describes the most likely effect the fire had on the river in the 12 months after it occurred?

a)

Less sediment flowed into the river because the fire heated up the soil and made it drier

b)

The amount of vegetation increased and less sediment flowed into the river because the fire produced ash that mixed with the soil

c)

More sediment flowed into the river because the fire destroyed most of the vegetation holding the sediment in place

d)

More sediment flowed into the river because the fire disrupted animal habitats and caused animals to leave the area

31.
What is the theory that states the universe began with a huge explosion?
a)
Apparent Magnitude
b)
Light year
c)
Big Bang Theory
d)
Galaxy
32.
What is an object that is so massive and dense that even light can not escape its gravity?
a)
Main-sequence
b)
black hole
c)
Apparent Magnitude
d)
Comet
33.
What is a large grouping of stars, dust, and gas bound together by gravity?
a)
Nebula
b)
Galaxy
c)
Cosmology
d)
Gravity
34.
What is a large cloud of dust and gas where new stars are formed or stars explode?
a)

quasar

b)

black hole

c)

supernova

d)

nebula

35.
Which is the hottest?
a)
a red giant
b)
small, white dwarf
c)
main-sequence yellow star
d)
main-sequence blue star
36.
A student notices that the moon looks larger than the stars.  Why?
a)
The moon is reflecting light from the sun
b)
The moon is closer to Earth then the stars
c)
The moon is much larger than the stars
d)
The moon is much larger than Earth
37.
The sun appears brighter than other stars because
a)
it is the largest star in the universe
b)
it is the hottest star in the universe
c)
able to radiate more energy than other stars
d)
is closer to Earth than other stars
38.
Which of the following is not a type of galaxy?
a)
Irregular
b)
Triangular
c)
Spiral
d)
Elliptical 
39.
What color are the hottest stars?
a)
red
b)
yellow
c)
orange
d)
blue
40.
The majority of stars are in their longest phase, which is called...
a)
white dwarf
b)
H-R Diagram
c)
Red giant
d)
Main-sequence
41.

The earthquakes experienced in California are related to tectonic plates because these catastrophic events are the result of -

a)

two tectonic plates sliding past each other.

b)

tectonic plates melting as they slide into the mantle.

c)

tectonic plates being weathered over time.

d)

two tectonic plates pulling away from each other.

42.

Which of the following features is likely to form where two tectonic plates push toward each other?

a)

Ocean shoreline

b)

Mountain range

c)

Mid-ocean ridge

d)

Rift valley

43.

A mid-ocean RIDGE is located at the boundary of two tectonic plates. Which diagram correctly models the relative plate motion on each side of a mid ocean ridge?

a)
b)
c)
d)
44.

The San Andreas fault is a transform fault. The map below shows a student's approximation of where the fault line crosses through the United States. Students were asked to make maps predicting which way land would most likely move over thousands of years.

a)
b)
c)
d)
45.

The image shows a plate boundary. Arrows have been added to indicate the movement of the plates.What plate boundary feature is also shown?

a)

A ridge formed by an inactive convergent boundary

b)

A valley forming at an active divergent boundary

c)

A fault forming at an active transform boundary

d)

A volcano formed by an active transform boundary

46.

This landform can occur at a divergent plate boundary.

a)

ocean trench

b)

mid-ocean ridge

c)

tall mountains

d)

transform fault

47.

What type of plate boundary is this?

a)

Plate

b)

Divergent

c)

Convergent

d)

Transform

48.
The map shows some of Earth’s plate tectonic boundaries. Based on the map, volcanic activity would most likely be found at —  
a)
Location W
b)
Location X
c)
Location Y
d)
Location Z
49.

The model below shows two continental plates. What type of plate boundary is this

a)

Transform boundary

b)

Divergent boundary

c)

Subduction boundary

d)

Convergent boundary

50.
What type of plate boundary is this?
a)
Transform
b)
Convergent
c)
Divergent
d)
Plate
51.
Scientists hypothesize that a super continent existed 200 million years ago.  This continent is called
a)
America
b)
Super Earth
c)
Pangea
d)
Eurasia
52.
A plate boundary where two plates move away from each other is called
a)

Divergent Boundary

b)

Convergent Boundary

c)

Transform Boundary

d)

Subduction

53.

Divergent Plate movement can create (a)  

Choose from the below words
Convection Currents
Conduction
Mountains
Rifts and ocean ridges
54.
Which of the following is where one plate slides under another plate?
a)
submarine zone
b)
divergence zone
c)
subduction zone
d)
lower zone
55.

The movement of the tectonic plates is caused by

a)

the rotation of the Earth.

b)

convection currents in the Asthenosphere

c)

the gravity of the iron-nickel core.

d)

the Moho discontinuity.

56.

The theory that the continents have not always been in their present locations but have moved there over millions of years

a)

Continental Drift Theory

b)

Plate Tectonics

c)

Alfred Wegener

d)

Lystrasaurus

57.

a valley formed by the separation of tectonic plates

a)

deep ocean trench

b)

rift valley

c)

oceanic ridge

58.
How can humans best help an endangered species avoid extinction?
a)
they can feed the animals
b)
they can put the animals in a zoo
c)
they can protect the animal’s habitat
d)
they can take the animal to new habitats
59.
Why is biodiversity so important?
a)
Because all species depend on each other to survive, so if one becomes extinct another species that relies on it could go extinct as well
b)
Because it’s better to have only one variation of each species.
c)
Because it better to only have a few species on Earth.
d)
Honestly, I have no idea what biodiversity is!
60.

What is "overfishing"?

a)

Fishing out of season

b)

Catching fish faster than they can reproduce

c)

Catching fish from the top of the food chain

d)

Catching more fish than what people eat

61.

Which of the following is NOT a source of pollution in the ocean?

a)

Nitrogen and phosphorus from fertilizers used on land.

b)

Oils found on city streets.

c)

Sand drifting along the bottom of the ocean floor.

d)

Emissions from gas-burning vehicles.

62.

The largest source of pollution in the ocean comes from __________.

a)

Oil Spills

b)

Acid Rain

c)

Runoff

d)

Wind

63.

The diagram below shows the relationship between some of the organisms in a marine food web. Which of the following is MOST LIKELY to happen if a large number of phytoplankton are killed from runoff entering the ocean?

a)

The number of porpoises would probably stay the same because porpoises are far removed from phytoplankton in the food web

b)

The number of zooplankton would probably increase because they wouldn’t have to compete with phytoplankton for food.

c)

The number of salmon would probably decrease because there would be less food available for zooplankton and herring.

d)

The Sun would probably not emit as much energy because there would not be as many phytoplankton in the ocean.

64.

What is one way humans are trying to positively impact the ocean?

a)

Fishing

b)

Creating artificial reefs

c)

Harvesting oil and natural gas

d)

Transporting goods in ocean vessels

65.

Which star stage does our Sun belong to?

a)

Supergiant

b)

Giant

c)

Main Sequence

d)

White Dwarf

66.
Which star is the coldest?
a)
Yellow Star
b)
Red Star
c)
Orange Star
d)
Blue Star
67.
Stars produce
a)
Heat 
b)
light 
c)
both heat and light 
68.
As you move from the bottom to the top of the H R diagram the __________ changes.
a)
Temperature
b)
Luminosity or Brightness
69.

Structures A and B are located in the

a)

valence shell

b)

energy levels

c)

electron cloud

d)

nucleus

70.

Which Bohr model represents Boron?

a)
b)
c)
d)
71.

This is the periodic entry for the element Boron. What is the atomic mass of Boron?

a)

5

b)

10.81

c)

13

d)

15.81

72.

Which of these parts of an atom has a negative charge?

a)

electron

b)

proton

c)

neutron

d)

nucleus

73.

Which part of the atom has a positive charge?

a)

electron

b)

proton

c)

neutron

d)

nucleus

74.

Where are electrons found in an atom?

a)

inside protons

b)

in the nucleus

c)

orbiting the nucleus

d)

covering the surface of protons

75.

What element is represented in this model?

a)

Lithium

b)

Beryllium

c)

Sodium

d)

Nitrogen

76.

Ch. 10: How can Earth's plates move?

a)

They only can move toward each other.

b)

They only converge or diverge.

c)

They only collide or slide along each other.

d)

They can collide, pull apart, or slide against each other.

77.

Ch. 10: What happens at a convergent boundary where no subduction occurs?

a)

tall mountains form

b)

a deep valley forms

c)

volcanoes form on both sides

d)

the ground remains level but rivers and other land features bend

78.
How many Oxygen (O) atoms are in 2C2HO8Cl2
a)
2
b)
16
c)
8
d)
5
79.
How many Hydrogen (H) atoms are in NH3O5
a)
3
b)
4
c)
5
d)
1
80.
How many elements are in C6H12O6?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
81.
Is this balanced?...
Fe + S --> FeS
a)
YES!
b)
NO!
82.
The principle that states matter is not created nor destroyed. The atoms present at the beginning of the equation, are present at the end.
a)
law of conversation of Jello
b)
law of conservation of atoms
c)
law of conservation of reactants
d)
law of conservation of mass
83.
Which number is the atomic mass?
a)
79
b)
196.97
84.
What law is best described by inertia?
a)
1st
b)
2nd
c)
3rd
85.
Object at rest stays at rest.
a)
1st
b)
2nd
c)
3rd
86.
A person not paying attention while skateboarding hits a rock. The skateboard stops...they don't.
a)
The Law of Inertia
b)
The Law of Acceleration
c)
The Law of Conservation of Momentum
87.
A soccer ball accelerates more than a bowling ball when thrown with the same force.
a)
Law of Inertia
b)
Law of Acceleration
c)
Law of Conservation of Momentum
88.
When you step on a Lego. You push on the Lego and the Lego pushes back on you.
a)
Newton's 1st Law
b)
Newton's 2nd Law
c)
Newton's 3rd Law
89.
Which type of force(s) will cause a change in an object's motion?
a)
gravity
b)
zero net force
c)
balanced forces
d)
unbalanced forces
90.
What is the net force?
a)
400 N Up
b)
400 N Down
c)
- 400 N Down
d)
800 N Down
91.
Balanced or Unbalanced?
a)
Balanced 
b)
Unbalanced
92.
Provided is a topographic map of a hill with contour lines drawn showing elevation in meters.
The steepest slope on this hill can be found on the side that is facing which direction?
a)
Southwest
b)
Northeast
c)
Northwest
d)
Southeast
93.
The Earth's axis is tilted _____ degrees.
a)
23.5
b)
25.3
c)
30.2
d)
24
94.
What happens when the area in which you live tilts away from the sun?
a)
It is summer.
b)
It is spring.
c)
It is winter.
d)
It is fall.

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