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Unit 1

Total questions: 90

Worksheet time: 45mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
This variable in an experiment is the one being deliberately changed by the scientist. 
a)
dependent variable
b)
independent variable
c)
data
d)
control group
2.

When you make an observation that involves a number, you are making what kind of observation?

a)

qualitative

b)

quantitative

c)

hypothesis

d)

good

3.

What are factors that remain the same throughout all tests of the experiment?

a)

variables

b)

constants

c)

trails

d)

data

4.

The ________ is what the scientist measures in an experiment.

a)
Hypothesis
b)
Independent variable
c)
Dependent variable
d)
Control group
5.

When should a line graph be used?

a)

when comparing parts of a whole

b)
To represent data that are connected
c)
To show the relationship between two variables
d)
To display data that changes over time
6.

When should a bar graph be used?

a)
When you want to show a change in value over a period of time
b)

When you want to compare data between different groups

c)
When you want to show the relationship between two variables
d)
When you want to show the distribution of data
7.

The independent variable goes on the:

a)

X axis

b)

Y axis

8.

When conducting an experiment, you my change ---- variable.

a)

two

b)

four

c)

one

d)

none

9.

Which answer choice has the correct order of the scientific method?

a)

1. Hypothesis

2. Research

3. Experiment

4. Observation/Question

5.Share

6.Analyze Data

7. Conclusion

b)

1.Observation/Question

2. Research

3. Hypothesis

4. Experiment

5. Analyze Data

6. Conclusion

7.Share

c)

1. Observation/Question

2. Hypothesis

3. Research

4. Analyze Data

5. Experiment

6. Conclusion

7.Share

d)

1. Research

2. Observation/Question

3. Hypothesis

4. Experiment

5. Analyze

6. Conclusion

  1. 7.Share

10.
A company wants to sell more sports drinks so they decide to add more sugar.  For Group A they give them gatorade with an added teaspoon of sugar. For Group B they give them plain gatorade without adding sugar. Which Group is the CONTROL GROUP?
a)
Group A
b)
Group B
c)
The Gatorade
d)
The Company
11.
What is the formula for density?
a)
density = mass x volume
b)
density = mass / volume
c)
density = mass + volume
d)
density = mass - volume
12.

What is the correct order of earths layers from outside to inside?

a)

crust, upper mantle, lower mantle, outer core, inner core

b)

upper mantle, lower mantle, outer core, inner core, crust

c)

inner core, outer core, crust, upper mantle, lower mantle,

d)

crust, outer core, inner core, lower mantle, upper mantle,

13.

Which is the thinnest layer?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

14.

Which is the hottest layer?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

15.

Select ALL layers that are solid.

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

16.
What are the two kinds of crust that the Earth has?
a)
Oceanic and Crustatious Crust
b)
Oceanic and Continental Crust
c)
Optic and Continental Crust
17.

Oceanic crust is more dense than continental crust?

a)

true

b)

false

18.
This layer of Earth is the thickest part
a)
crust
b)
outer core
c)
mantle
d)
inner core
19.

If we can't travel to the center of the Earth, how do we know so much about it?

a)

Seismic waves, made by earthquakes and man-made explosions

b)

special camera scopes sent through all the layers of the earth

c)

very long thermometers that can reach to the inner core

d)

extremely powerful x-rays

e)

Geothermal Scan from space

20.

The outer layer of Earth's crust is made up of huge pieces of rock called what?

a)

faults

b)

tectonic plates

c)

magma

d)

tsunamis

21.

The borders, or cracks, between tectonic plates are called what?

a)

lithospheres

b)

synclines

c)

anticlines

d)

faults

22.

The idea that continents were once part of a single landmass that broke apart and

moved

a)

Continental Drift

b)

Tectonic Plates

c)

Transform

d)

Subduct

23.

The movement of the tectonic plates is caused by

a)

the rotation of the earth

b)

convection currents in the Asthenosphere

c)

the gravity of the core

d)

the pressure of the atmosphere

24.

Select the 3 types of Rock

a)
Metamorphic
b)
Indigenous
c)
Sedimentary
d)
Igneous
e)

Minerals

25.

This rock formed when lava cooled very quickly on Earth's surface. What specific type of rock is it?

a)

Igneous Rock

b)

Moon Rock

c)

Metamorphic Rock

d)

Sedimentary Rock

26.
What process is used to form sedimentary rocks?
a)
Lava cools and hardens to form a rock.
b)
Bits of sand and gravel form layers that turn into rock from pressure.
c)
Extreme heat and pressure from inside the Earth turn rocks into new rocks.
d)
Magma trapped under the Earth's surface cools and solidifies.
27.
What process is used to form metamorphic rocks?
a)
Lava cools and hardens to form a rock.
b)
Bits of sand and gravel form layers that turn into rock from pressure.
c)

Extreme heat and pressure from inside the Earth turn any kind of rocks into new rocks.

28.

Hot, molten rock inside the earth is called ...

a)

lava

b)

magma

c)

igneous rock

d)

minerals

29.

Which mineral property is being tested in the following diagram?

a)

density

b)

luster

c)

fracture

d)

streak

30.

A naturally formed, inorganic solid that has a definite crystal structure

a)

Rock

b)

streak

c)

mineral

31.
How light reflects off of a mineral is called the mineral's 
a)
luster
b)
streak
c)
cleavage
d)
fracture
32.
How a mineral splits apart when it does not break evenly:
a)
streak
b)
hardness
c)
cleavage
d)
fracture
33.
Many minerals form from the cooling of magma. If the magma cools slowly, what size are the crystals?
a)
small
b)
large
c)
no crystals
34.

Weathering is the process of -

a)

Moving sediment from one place to another

b)

Dropping or leaving sediment in a location

c)

Breaking down rocks into sediment

35.

Ice wedging is an example of -

a)

Physical weathering

b)

Chemical weathering

c)

Both physical AND chemical weathering

36.

Erosion ________________________.

a)

breaks down rock

b)

moves rocks

c)

deposits rock

d)

is caused by ice wedging

37.

Which of the following is an example of chemical weathering?

a)

animals burrowing

b)

acid rain

c)

abrasion

d)

rocks dissolving

38.
What are the two factors that affect the rate at which weathering occurs?
a)
climate and mass of rock
b)

climate and color of rock

c)

type of rock and size of crystals

d)
type of rock and climate
39.
What is the relationship between surface area and the rate of weathering?
a)
As surface area increases, the rate of weathering decreases
b)
As surface area increases, the rate of weathering increases
c)
As surface area decreases, the rate of weathering increases
d)
There is no relationship
40.

What is deposition?

a)

The movement of sediment

b)

The breaking of sediment

c)

The dropping of sediment

41.
Which of the following best describes how erosion by groundwater might create a landform?
a)
Acidic water dissolves rock to form a cave
b)
Stream slowly wears away rock and soil
c)
Waves crashing against a shoreline
d)
Sediment building up to form a delta
42.
What force is responsible for erosion and deposition in landslides?
a)
gravity
b)
ice
c)
wind
d)
temperature
43.
Which type of sediment will be dropped first as the wind slows?
a)
biggest
b)
smallest
c)
heaviest
d)
lightest
44.

How do plants in the soil affect how fast erosion happens?

a)

It doesn't affect erosion.

b)

It slows down erosion.

c)

It speeds up erosion.

45.
How do plants weather rocks?
a)
during photosynthesis
b)
when roots grow into cracks of rocks and expand the rock
c)
when the plant moves water from the roots to the leaves
d)
Plants don't weather rocks
46.

This type of physical weathering breaks down rock by hitting/scraping into or against each other

a)

Exfoliation

b)

Root Action

c)

Abrasion

d)

Ice Wedging

47.
____________________ is the most significant form of erosion.
a)
Wind
b)
Water
c)
Waves
d)
Glaciers
48.
Erosion and weathering are classified as destructive processes. How is deposition classified? 
a)
It is not classified
b)
a constructive process
49.
Why was Wegener's theory not accepted?
a)
He had no proof of how they were moving
b)
He had no evidence
c)
He was married
d)
He was not a Scientist
50.

Alfred Wegener named his single supercontinent ____________, which means "all lands" in ancient Greek.

a)

Pandora

b)

Gandowana

c)

Pangea

d)

Rodinia

51.

What are the three types of Evidence that supports Alfred Wegener's Theory?

a)

Fossils, Fish, and Land

b)

Sedimentary, Magma, and Climate

c)

Fossils, Land forms, and Climate

d)

Climate, Land forms, and Metamorphic rock

52.

Where did Wegener find plant fossils that today would not be able to survive on that type of land?

a)

North America

b)

Antarctica

c)

China

d)

India

53.

What are the types of plate boundaries?

a)

divergent, converge, transform

b)

divergent, oceanic, transform

c)

oceanic, continental, divergent

d)

transform, oceanic, converge

54.

What is a transform boundary?

a)

two plates colliding

b)

two plates sliding past each other

c)

two plates drifting apart

d)

tectonic plates

55.

The point where one plate dives beneath another plate. Destroys crust.

a)

convection currents

b)

Uplift

c)

Subduction Zone

d)

Ring of fire

56.

What is the only event associated with transform boundaries?

a)

Volcanoes

b)

Subduction Zones

c)

Tsunamis

d)

Earthquakes

57.

What two crustal features occur near every subduction zone?

a)

Volcanoes and Trenches

b)

Rift Valleys and Mid Ocean Ridges

c)

Volcanoes and Rift Valleys

d)

Mid Ocean Ridges and Trenches

58.

New oceanic crust (sea floor) is created at this boundary.

a)

Divergent Oceanic

b)

Divergent Continental

c)

Convergent Oceanic

d)

Transform

59.
What would you be most likely to find at a convergent boundary between two pieces of continental crust?
a)
Volcano
b)
Mountain
c)
Rift
d)
Island Arc
60.

Species that existed on Earth for a short length of time, were abundant, and inhabited many locations

a)

unconformity

b)

correlation

c)

index fossil

d)

fossil

61.

The age of rocks and geologic features compared with other rocks and features nearby

a)

unconformity

b)

superposition

c)

absolute age

d)

relative age

62.

Geologic processes that occur today are similar to those that occurred in the past.

a)

uniformitarianism

b)

catastrophism

c)

superposition

d)

correlation

63.

The Law of Superposition states

a)

Younger rocks layers are on top of older rock layers

b)

Fossils are found in sedimentary rocks

c)

Older rock layers are on top of younger rock layers

d)

Absolute age dating

64.

What does absolute age tell us about a rock layer or fossil?

a)

The 'exact' age of a fossil determined by radiometric dating

b)

The relative age of a fossil determined by radiometric dating

c)

Younger rock layers sit on top of older rock layers

d)

Older rock layers sit on top of younger rock layers

65.

Which type of rock are most fossils found?

a)

sedimentary rock

b)

metamorphic rock

c)

igneous rock

d)

fossils

66.

What can fossils tell us about the past? (check all that apply)

a)

Which organisms used to live on Earth and what they looked like

b)

How the environment has changed

c)

How organisms alive today have changed and adapted over time

d)

How to make a taco

67.

The gradual change in living things over time is..

a)

transition

b)

evolution

c)

age

d)

revolution

68.

What type of fossils provide evidence of the activities of ancient organisms?

a)

molds and casts

b)

petrified fossils

c)

trace fossils

d)

carbon films

69.
Which parts of an organism are more likely to fossilize?
a)
the soft parts - skin, muscle
b)
the hard parts - bones, shells, stems
c)
all parts can become fossilized easily because the organism becomes buried by sediments
70.

Which conditions might lead to fossil formation? (Choose 3)

a)

Decomposition

b)

Getting buried quickly by sediment

c)

getting trapped in a tar pit or Amber

d)

getting eaten by another animal

e)

making a footprint in mud

71.
What types of fossils are shown in the picture?
a)
Petrified Fossils
b)
Trace Fossils
c)
Cast and Mold Fossils
d)
Carbonized
72.
When organic material is turned into stone.
a)
Carbonized
b)
Petrified
c)
Cast
d)
Preserved/Amber
73.

Scientific study of rock layers

a)

Archeology

b)

Stratigraphy

c)

Paleontology

d)

Geology

74.

Principle stating that sedimentary rocks are deposited in horizontal or nearly horizontal layers.

a)

Relative Age Dating

b)

Superposition

c)

Original Horizontality

d)

Cross Cutting Relationships

75.
Which of the following statements about the fossil record is true?
a)
all organisms become fossils
b)
organisms having soft body parts make up most of the fossils
c)
all organisms that have shells become fossils
d)
the fossil record is incomplete
76.

Which of the fossils in the diagram below is the YOUNGEST?

a)
b)
c)
d)
77.

Put the following units of geological time in order from largest to smallest unit of time.

a)

Epoch, Eon, Era, Period

b)

Epoch, Period, Era, Eon

c)

Eon, Era, Period, Epoch

d)

Period, Eon, Period, Era

78.

During this period Earth was flowing with lava, the core was unstable, and was the first Era of the Precambrian Eon.

a)

Paleozoic

b)

Hadean

c)

Archean

d)

Cenozoic

79.

Dinosaurs, small mammals, and birds are found in this time period. Known as the Age of Reptiles

a)

Precambrian

b)

Paleozoic

c)

Mesozoic

d)

Cenozoic

80.

The end of the Mesozoic Era was most likely caused by?

a)

A meteor

b)

Too much oxygen

c)

Lowering sea levels

d)

An ice age

81.
The Cenozoic Era is often called "the Age of the ____"
a)
Dinosaurs
b)
Mammals
c)
Amphibians
d)
Reptiles
82.
Identify the Era:
This eras name means "ancient" or  "early" life.
a)
Precambrian
b)
Paleozoic
c)
Mesozoic
d)
Cenozoic
83.

In which time period are we currently living?

a)

Precambrian

b)

Paleozoic

c)

Mesozoic

d)

Cenozoic

84.

What are the four eras in order from OLDEST to NEWEST?

a)

Pre-Cambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, Cenozoic

b)

Pre-Cambrian, Mesozoic, Paleozoic, Cenozoic

c)

Cenozoic, Mesozoic, Paleozoic, Pre-Cambrian

d)

Mesozoic, Pre-Cambrian, Cenozoic, Paleozoic

85.

The Cambrian Explosion refers to

a)

the sudden appearance of many different types of lifeforms in the fossil record

b)

another name for the "Big Bang"

c)

a volcanic eruption in Eastern Europe

86.

What era did trilobites, fishes, and other marine organisms dominate? Known as the Age of Fishes

a)

Precambrian

b)

Paleozoic

c)

Mesozoic

d)

Cenozoic

87.

Which extinction is considered the largest mass extinction in Earth's history? Basically 96% of all species on Earth disappeared.

a)

Ordovician Extinction

b)

Devonian Extinction

c)

Permian Extinction

d)

Triassic Extinction

e)

Cretaceous Extinction

88.

Which time period is the longest?

a)

Precambrian Time

b)

Paleozoic Era

c)

Mesozoic Era

d)

Cenozoic Era

89.

What we the first oxygen producing life called? (before them Earths Atmosphere had no oxygen)

a)

Hemostats

b)

Stromatolites

c)

Tomatolites

d)

Proterotites

90.

When's the most recent mass extinction event?

a)

Cretaceous(K-T) extinction event

b)

Permian extinction event

c)

Late Devonian extinction

d)

Right now

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