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Q4 Reviewer (DNA/RNA, Replication, Protein Synthesis, Genetics)

Total questions: 75

Worksheet time: 41mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
In what organelle is the genetic material found inside?
 
a)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
b)
Golgi Complex
c)
Nucleolus
d)
Nucleus
2.
What does DNA Replication mean?
a)
DNA is made.
b)
DNA makes new cells. 
c)
DNA copies itself.
d)
DNA starts the cell cycle.
3.
How many chromosomes are in a normal human body cell?
a)
23
b)
46
c)
92
4.
How many chromosomes are in a human egg cell and passed down from a mother to her child?
a)
23
b)
46
c)
92
5.
Which is a heterozygous or hybrid genotype?
a)
Bb
b)
BB
c)
bb
6.
Which describes a genotype with two identical alleles for a trait, such as PP?
a)
heterozygous
b)
homozygous
7.
Which is a phenotype?
a)
Purple
b)
Pp
8.

Which of the following would show a dominant trait?

a)
B
b)
b
9.
Which of the following would show a recessive trait?
a)
B
b)
b
10.
Which of the following shows homozygous alleles?
a)
Ww
b)
ww
11.
Which of the following describes how the genes are described?
a)
genotype
b)
phenotype
12.
Which of the following describes how the organism looks?
a)
genotype
b)
phenotype
13.
Heterozygous is when...
a)
the alleles are the same
b)
the alleles are different
c)
the alleles are absent
d)
the alleles are present
14.
G = green, g = yellow
The genotype for a yellow plant is...
a)
GG
b)
Gg
c)
gg
d)
all of the choices result in yellow
15.
Which of the following alleles is homozygous (purebred) recessive?
a)
Tt
b)
tt
c)
TT
d)
t
16.
Aa, DD, bB, yy are all examples of
a)
genotypes
b)
phenotypes
17.
Which of the following genotypes is homozygous dominant?
a)
A
b)
Aa
c)
AA
d)
aa
18.
Which of the following genotypes is heterozygous?
a)
Bb
b)
BB
c)
bb
d)
B
19.
In a flowering plant species, red flower color (R) is dominant over white flower color (r). What is the genotype of any red-flowering plant resulting from this species?
a)
rr
b)
R
c)
RR
d)
RR or Rr
20.
What you see, or the physical appearance.
a)
Genotype
b)
Phenotype
c)
Homozygous
d)
Heterozygous
21.
How many alleles (letters) do each person carry for a trait?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
22.
Which of the following is a phenotype?
a)
Aa
b)
red hair
c)
heterozygous
d)
DNA
23.
In this punnett square, which is the dominant trait?
The B stands for bud.
a)
purple flower bud
b)
white flower bud
c)
dominant
d)
recessive
24.
W=white hair
w= non-white hair
If you cross a horse with WW and a horse with ww what fraction of the offspring would be expected to have white hair?
a)
none
b)
3/4
c)
1/2
d)
all
25.
A dog gives birth to 5 puppies. What percentage of the chromosomes does each puppy share with the mother?
a)
25%
b)
50%
c)
75%
d)
100%
26.

In a Punnett square, a lower case letter stands for a ____________ allele.

a)

dominant

b)

recessive

c)

homozygous

d)

heterozygous

27.

In animals, shaggy fur is dominant to short fur. The Punnett Square shows the genotypes of the offspring of a shaggy fur animal and a short fur animal. What were the genotypes of the parents?

a)

FF and FF

b)

Ff and ff

c)

ff and ff

d)

Ff and Ff

28.

In animals, shaggy fur is dominant to short fur. According to the genotypes shown, what percent of offspring will have short fur?

a)

0

b)

25

c)

50

d)

75

e)

100

29.

In a heterozygous genotype, the ___________ allele takes over in the phenotype.

a)

recessive

b)

dominant

30.

T = tall and t = short

In the punnett square shown, what belongs in the missing square

a)

tt

b)

Tt

c)

Bb

d)

TT

31.
What ratio of the offspring from the cross shown will be homozygous recessive for the trait of tallness? 
a)
0 in 4
b)
1 in 4
c)
2 in 4
d)
4 in 4
32.

A recessive allele is represented by a ______ letter.

a)

lower-case

b)

capital

33.

A dominant allele is represented by a ______ letter.

a)

lower-case

b)

capital

34.

Blue-eyed is a ______.

a)

genotype

b)

phenotype

35.

Bb is a ______.

a)

genotype

b)

phenotype

36.

If a black guinea pig (BB) and a white guinea pig (bb) mate, there is a ______ chance that a white guinea pig will be born.

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

75%

e)

100%

37.
RNA contains the sugar
a)
ribose
b)
deoxyribose
c)
glucose
d)
lactose
38.
Which of the following statements is true?
a)
DNA is single-stranded
b)
RNA is single-stranded
c)
DNA contains uracil
d)
RNA contains deoxyribose
39.
What is the product of translation?
a)
DNA
b)
mRNA
c)
tRNA
d)
proteins
40.

The Process of creating RNA from DNA

a)

Transcription

b)

Translation

c)

Replication

41.

In RNA the base T is replaced with

a)

U

b)

G

c)

C

d)

A

42.

What combines together to make a protein?

a)

Amino Acid

b)

RNA

c)

Ribosome

d)

DNA

43.

What organelle is the site of translation?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosome

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Chloroplast

44.

What is the order for Protein Synthesis?

a)

Transcription -> Translation -> Protein

b)

Translation - > Transcription -> Protein

c)

Protein -> Transcription -> Translation

d)

Translation -> Protein -> Transcription

45.
Which type of RNA takes the instructions from the nucleus to the cytoplasm?
a)
mRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
rRNA
d)
RNA polymerase
46.
What is the template for mRNA?
a)
DNA
b)
tRNA
c)
rRNA
d)
proteins
47.

Which of the following tells the Ribosome to STOP?

a)

UAC

b)

UGG

c)

UGA

d)

UCA

48.

Which of the following tells the Ribosome to START?

a)

AUG

b)

UGG

c)

UGA

d)

UCA

49.
At what point in the cell cycle does DNA replication occur and why?
a)
before a cell divides, to provide each of the two resulting cells with a complete set of DNA instructions
b)
before a cell divides, to ensure that the DNA will fit into the resulting cells
c)
during cell division, to ensure that the DNA will fit into the resulting cells
d)
after a cell divides, to provide each of the two resulting cells with a complete set of DNA instructions 
50.
Which choice describes DNA after replication has taken place?
a)
one molecule with two original strands and one molecule with two new strands
b)
two molecules, each with one original and one new strand
c)
two molecules, each with two new strands
d)
 two molecules, each with two old strands
51.
The sequence of DNA below is part of a gene. How many amino acids are coded for by this segment? 
a)
4
b)
8
c)
12
d)
20
52.
The diagram below represents a portion of a DNA molecule. The letters represent different types of 
a)
sugar molecules
b)
nitrogen bases
c)
enzymes
d)
proteins
53.

When replication is complete, there are two _____________ DNA modules.

a)

identical

b)

different

c)

similar

54.

______________ always pairs with thymine.

a)

Cytosine

b)

Guanine

c)

Adenine

55.

Mutations are mistakes that become part of ___________________.

a)

history

b)

genetic code

c)

proteins

56.

The two sides of the DNA ladder are made up of ____________________________________________.

a)

sugars and phosphates

b)

traits and characteristics

c)

DNA and RNA

57.

Cytosine always pairs with __________________.

a)

cytosine

b)

thymine

c)

guanine

d)

adenine

58.
In RNA, adenine goes with __________.
a)
adnine
b)
cytosine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
59.

If this strand of DNA were actually RNA, what would it look like? "ATCGTTGA'

a)

ATCGTTGA

b)

AUCGUUGA

c)

TAGCAACT

d)

UAGCUUCU

60.

Which nucleotide base is found in DNA but not RNA?

a)

Adenine

b)

Guanine

c)

Thymine

d)

Cytosine

61.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
CAT TCA CTG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
62.
order of replication
a)
3, 4, 2, 1
b)
3, 1, 4, 2
c)
2, 1, 4, 3
d)
3, 4, 1, 2
63.

A version of a gene is called a(n)

a)

allele

b)

characteristic

c)

specific gene

d)

trait

64.

Tendency to becoming bald as you age.

a)

Inherited

b)

Acquired

65.

A goldfish that swims up to the top of the bowl when a hand appears

a)

Inherited Trait

b)

Acquired Trait

66.
What is a gene?
a)
A bundle (like a hot dog bun) that the DNA is packed into
b)
something inside the nucleus
c)
a piece of DNA
d)
all of your DNA
67.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
68.
What does DNA stand for?
a)
Deoxyribonucleic acid
b)
Denitrogenous acid
c)
Deribonucleic acid
d)
Diribonucleic acid
69.

What is the chance that you will get a short offspring when you cross a homozygous tall parent with another homozygous tall parent? (Tall is dominant.)

a)

0%

b)

50%

c)

75%

d)

100%

70.

What is the phenotypic ratio for the offspring of a cross between a purebred recessive short plant and a purebred dominant tall plant? (Tall is dominant.)

a)

1 tall : 3 short

b)

2 tall : 2 short

c)

3 tall : 1 short

d)

4 tall : 0 short

71.

What is the genotypic ratio for the offspring of a cross between two hybrid tall plants?

a)

1TT : 2Tt : 1tt

b)

0TT : 2 Tt : 0tt

c)

2TT : 2 Tt : 0tt

d)

0TT : 2Tt : 2tt

72.

In sheep, white color is dominant over black. What is the chance you will get a black offspring when you cross two purebred black sheep?

a)

25%

b)

50%

c)

75%

d)

100%

73.

In dogs, long ears (L) are dominant over short ears (l). If a homozygous female dog with short ears is crossed with a heterozygous male dog with long ears, what percentage of the puppies will we expect to have short ears?

a)

25% will have short ears

b)

50% will have short ears

c)

75% will have short ears

d)

100% will have short ears

74.

Having two of the same alleles of a gene. Example: BB

a)

homozygous

b)

heterozygous

75.

Having two different alleles of a gene. Example: Bb

a)

Heterozygous

b)

Homozygous

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