WorksheetsMidterm/Benchmark Review
Total questions: 44
Worksheet time: 24mins
Which macromolecule stores the most energy?
carbohydrates
proteins
lipids
nucleic acids
What are the building blocks of proteins called?
amino acids
glycerol head and fatty acid tails
nucleotides
monosaccharides
The following are examples of lipids except
phospholipid
lactase
waxes
oil
Enzymes belong to which macromolecule group?
Carbohydrates
Proteins
DNA/RNA
Lipids
The elements _______are found in proteins
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Which of the following is NOT true about enzymes?
enzymes are proteins
enzymes speed up chemical reaction
high heat can denature a protein so it won't function
enzymes store energy
The organelle is responsible for synthesizing proteins.
Vacuole
Ribosomes
Nucleus
Mitochondria
The organelle is responsible for packaging, modifying and exporting proteins
Vacuole
Golgi Body
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Produces the energy a cell needs to carry out its functions - converting glucose into energy. aka "powerhouse" of the cell
Vacuole
Golgi Body
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Stores WATER, wastes and other materials -- plant cells only has one large one!
Vacuole
Golgi Body
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment, mostly carried out by the plasma membrane
osmosis
diffusion
homeostasis
photosynthesis
A cell needs to transport glucose against its concentration gradient. What type of transport is this?
diffusion
osmosis
endocytosis
active transport
What is the definition of OSMOSIS?
Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
Molecular structure that surrounds the cell and controls what enters and leaves the cell
Movement of molecules across the cell membrane against the concentration gradient
Which of the following does not use energy?
Diffusion
Endocytosis
Active Transport
Exocytosis
What will happen when a cell is placed in an hypotonic solution?
It will shrink, water will leave the cell
It will remain the same, water will flow in & out equally
It will swell, water will flood into the cell
It will swell, water will leave the cell
Which of the following describe prokaryotic cells... click all that apply.
has NO nucleus
Very small need a microscope to see them
Ex: bacteria cells
Breaks down glucose to make ATP
What is the product of Mitosis?
2 nonidentical diploid cells
4 identical haploid cells
2 identical diploid cells
4 nonidentical dipoid cells
During which phase of Meiosis does crossing over occur?
Metaphase II
Prophase I
Anaphase I
Telophase II
Asexual reproduction includes all of the benefits listed below EXCEPT for:
It only requires one parent
An organism can produce offspring very quickly
All offspring are genetically diverse
Offspring are resistant to many diseases
Bacteria reproduce very quickly using
fragmentation
sexual reproduction
binary fission
parthenogenesis
The process of DNA replication is called semi conservative because it results in
Two DNA molecules. One with original strands of DNA and one with two new strands of DNA
Two exact copies with new strands of DNA
Two identical molecules, each with 1 original strand of DNA and one new strand of DNA
Process of making mRNA from DNA—is the first step in making a protein.
DNA replication
Transcription
Translation
Mitosis
The process of DNA making a copy of itself is called what?
transcription
translation
replication
regeneration
If one side of the DNA molecule reads.... A G T C C G A T G what would the complementary DNA side read?
T C A G G C T A C
G T A G C C T G A
G A T G G G A T G
The backbone (sides) of the DNA molecule are made up of
nitrogenous bases
sugar and phosphate
sugar and nitrogenous base
phosphate and nitrogenous base
What is the correct order (sequence) of how genetic information becomes a protein
Protein --> RNA --> DNA
RNA --> DNA --> Protein
DNA --> RNA --> Protein
DNA --> Protein --> RNA
Translate the following mRNA sequence: CGA UCC GGA CCC AAG
Arg Ser Gly Lys Pro
Arg Ser Lys Pro Gly
Arg Ser Pro Gly Lys
Arg Ser Gly Pro Lys
Using transcription, convert this DNA sequence into a complementary mRNA sequence: ATA GCC CTA GGA
UAU CGG GAU CCU
TAT CGG GAT CCT
GCG ATT AUU TTU
TUT CGG GUT CCT
A group of three nitrogen bases on mRNA that code for an amino acid.
codon
gene
nitrogen base
RNA
DNA sequence before mutation: GTA ATC CGG
DNA sequence AFTER mutation: GTA ACC GG
insertion
deletion
substitution
inversion
A nondisjunction mutation on chromosome 21, it is referred to as trisomy 21 causes what condition?
Hemophilia
Cancer
Down Syndrome
Sickle Cell Anemia
DNA sequence before mutation: GTA ATC CGG
DNA sequence AFTER mutation: GTA ACC CGG
insertion
deletion
substitution
frameshift mutation
DNA sequence original: AAA CCC GGG UUU AAA
DNA sequence mutation: AAC CCG GGU UUA AA
insertion
nondisjunction
substitution
frameshift mutation
This happens during meiosis and is responsible for genetic variation in offspring
crossing over
translation
transcription
cloning
Which of the following are known to cause mutations in DNA and trigger cancer?
UV radiation
viruses
high carbohydrate diet
chemicals
What molecule contains the energy for the cell processes?
ATP
ADP
Glucose
Oxygen
Which of the following do cellular respiration?
plants
animals
both plants and animals
anaerobic bacteria
What 2 products of photosynthesis become reactants in cellular respiration?
Glucose
CO2
O2
Water
Light Energy
Which of the following are products of photosynthesis? (on the right side of the arrow)
glucose
carbon dioxide
oxygen
water
ATP
Which of the following are the reactants of photosynthesis? (on the left side of the arrow)
glucose
carbon dioxide
oxygen
water
ATP
Which of the following are products of cell respiration? (on the right side of the arrow--there are 3 answers!!)
glucose
carbon dioxide
oxygen
water
ATP
In which step of cellular respiration is Carbon Dioxide made?
Glycolysis
Krebs Cycle
Electron Transport Chain
1 Glucose makes approximately how many ATP molecules?
2
4
16
36
Which of the following are the reactants of cell respiration? (on the left side of the arrow)
glucose
carbon dioxide
oxygen
water
APT
