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Earth Science A Finals Review - 2023/2024

Total questions: 182

Worksheet time: 3hrs 38mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The base measurement for mass is...

a)

kilogram

b)

liters

c)

grams

d)

meters

2.
240 cm = ___________ m
a)
2400
b)
24
c)
2.4
d)
0.24
3.
1000 m = ___________ km
a)
100
b)
10
c)
1
d)
0.1
4.
15.6 L = ___________ mL
a)
15,600
b)
156,000
c)
1,560,000
d)
15,600,000
5.
 330 cm = ___________ m
a)
3,300
b)
33
c)
3.3
d)
0.33
6.

What is the basic unit of mass in the metric system?

a)

Liter

b)

Meter

c)

Gram

d)

Kilometer

7.
1000 m = ___________ km
a)
100
b)
10
c)
1
d)
0.1
8.
Which unit is the smallest?  
a)
km
b)
mm
c)
m
d)
cm 
9.
Which unit is a a measure of volume?
a)
meters
b)
grams
c)
inches
d)
liters
10.

I would measure this bus in

a)

centimeters

b)

milimeters

c)

kilometers

d)

meters

11.

Earth system that includes rocks, sand, and mountains

a)

geosphere

b)

atmosphere

c)

hydrosphere

d)

biosphere

12.

What is an interaction with the geosphere?

a)

drinking a glass of water

b)

a factory releasing chemicals into the air

c)

digging a hole in the backyard

d)

a beaver building a dam

Show answersExplanationPreviousNext

13.

Which is an interaction with the atmosphere?

a)

a new tree absorbing rainwater through its roots

b)

a car releasing too much carbon monoxide

c)

a polar bear floating on a glacier

d)

algae growing in a pond

14.

Earth's circulating water systems is the ___________.

a)

Biosphere

b)

Hydrosphere

c)

Lithosphere

d)

Geosphere

15.

Earth's surface and interior is the___________.

a)

Biosphere

b)

Atmosphere

c)

Geosphere

d)

Hydrosphere

16.

Which is an example of an interaction between the Hydrosphere and Atmosphere?

a)

A cloud forms in the sky

b)

water in the ground is used by plants

c)

ocean waves carve out a cave into a rocky cliff

d)

humans pollute the air

17.

Rain falls from clouds in the sky and that provide drinking water for wildlife and humans as well as water for plant growth.

This is an interaction between which spheres?

a)

hydrosphere: geosphere

b)

atmosphere: biosphere

c)

geosphere: hydrosphere

d)

hydrosphere: biosphere

18.

Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas is absorbed by the ocean. Which systems interact?

a)

Geosphere : Atmosphere

b)

Atmosphere : Hydrosphere

c)

Hydrosphere : Biosphere

d)

Hydrosphere : Geosphere

19.
What is the process in which the oceanic crust creates a ocean trench and is pushed back into the mantle?
a)
Sea Floor Spreading
b)
Sublimation
c)
Subduction
d)
Volcanism
20.
What is the name of the process that continually adds new rock at the Mid Ocean Ridges and pushes old rock out, making an ocean larger?
a)
Sea Floor Spreading
b)
Sublimation
c)
Subduction
d)
Volcanism
21.
If heat and pressure is added to an igneous rock what will it become?
a)
Magma
b)
Sedimentary
c)
Metamorphic
d)
It will stay igneous
22.
What is the breaking down of rock by wind, water, ice, or gravity called?
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
d)
Cementation
23.
What is it called when a river transports sediment?
a)
Weathering
b)
Depostion
c)
Erosion
d)
Cementation
24.
What is it called when Sediment is packed together  by a natural force? 
a)
Weathering 
b)
Compaction
c)
Erosion
d)
Deposition
25.
What type of rock is formed when magma or lava cools?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Metamorphic
c)
Igneous
d)
Clastic
26.
If an igneous rock erodes, deposits, compacts, and cements, then goes under heat and pressure, then melts into magma, then cools, then goes under heat and pressure again what type of rock has the rock become?
a)
Clastic
b)
Sedimentary
c)
Igneous
d)
Metamorphic
27.
What is the name of the theory that was created in the early 1900's that states that the continents where at one time together and have since split apart, citing that specific fossil and landform evidence that supports the theory?
a)
Plate Tectonics
b)
Continental Drift
c)
Sea Floor Spreading
d)
Convection
28.
What is the theorized force that moves the plates?
a)
Subduction
b)
Sea Floor Spreading
c)
Convection
d)
Mid Ocean Ridge
29.
When an igneous rock cools under the ground for a long period of time and displays coarse (large) grains, what is it classified as?
a)
Extrusive
b)
Basic
c)
Intrusive
d)
Acidic
30.
Volcanic Island arcs are formed by what type of boundary?
a)
Continental-Continental Convergent Boundary
b)
Divergent Boundary
c)
Continental-Continental Boundary
d)
Oceanic Oceanic Convergent Boundary
31.
When crust is subducted what is formed?
a)
A Deep Ocean Trench
b)
Volcanoes
c)
Mid Ocean Ridges
d)
Deep Ocean Trenches and Volcanoes
32.
What type of boundary forms a Continental Volcanic Arc
a)
Continental Oceanic Convergent Boundary
b)
Oceanic Oceanic Convergent Boundary
c)
Continental Continental Convergent Boundary
d)
Transform Boundary
33.
What is a naturally occuring, inorganic, solid, with a constant chemical composition, and a crystal structure?
a)
Igneous Rocks
b)
Sedimentary Rocks
c)
Metamorphic Rocks
d)
Minerals
34.
This is an Oceanic Continental Convergent boundary. What area on Earth is formed this way?
a)
Indonesia
b)
Andes Mountains
c)
San Andreas Fault
d)
Mid Atlantic Ridge
35.
This is a diagram of a transform boundary which of the following things do transform boundaries create?
a)
Deep ocean Trench
b)
Volcano
c)
Mountain
d)
Earthquakes
36.
This is a diagram of the Mid Atlantic Ridge. What type of plate boundary is the Mid Atlantic Ridge?
a)
Divergent
b)
Convergent
c)
Transform
d)
What in the World is a Plate Boundary OH MY GOD I NEED TO STUDY!!!
37.
What type of Sedimentary rock is formed by once living things? 
a)
Organic
b)
Clastic
c)
Chemical
d)
Acidic
38.
Gniess is a metamorphic rock that has layers. What type of metamorphic rock displays layers because they are exposed to more pressure than heat?
a)
Acidic
b)
Clastic
c)
Foliated
d)
NonFoliated
39.

Pangaea refers to a...

a)

large supercontinent

b)

Greek superhero

c)

Tropical fern

d)

Mass extinction

40.

What is the correct order of Earth's Layers based on Composition?

a)

Crust - Outer core - Inner Core - Mantle

b)

Mantle - Outer core - Inner core - Crust

c)

Crust - Mantle - Outer Core - Inner Core

d)

Crust - Mantle - Core

41.

Earth's Inner core is?

a)

A layer of rock that forms Earth's outer surface

b)

A layer of molten (liquid) iron and nickle

c)

A layer of solid iron and nickel

d)

A solid/plastic layer of Peridotite that flows over time?

42.

The Earth's Mantle is made up of?

a)

A solid layer of Iron and Nickel

b)

A molten (liquid) layer of of Iron and Nickel

c)

A solid layer of Granite and Basalt

d)

A solid/plastic layer of Peridotite that moves over time through the process of convection

43.

As you move from the surface of the Earth to the center, pressure ......

a)

decreases

b)

increases

44.

As you move from the surface of the Earth to the center, pressure ......

a)

decreases

b)

increases

45.

Heat transfer within a fluid takes place by

a)

Convection

b)

Conduction

c)

Radiation

d)

Sublimation

46.

The energy from the sun that warms your face is transferred by a process called

a)

Convection

b)

Radiation

c)

Conduction

d)

Subduction

47.

In which layer of the Earth would you expect to find the hottest temperature?

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Core

d)

Lithosphere

48.

List the Mechanical/physical properties layers of the Earth from the surface to the center?

a)

Lithosphere - Asthenosphere - Mesosphere - Outer core - Inner core

b)

Mesosphere - Asthenosphere - Lithosphere- Inner core - Outer core

c)

Inner core - Outer core - Mesosphere - Asthenosphere - Lithosphere

d)

Lithosphere - Mesosphere - Outer core - Inner core -Asthenosphere

49.

What type of seismic wave travels the fastest?

a)

Love

b)

Reyleigh

c)

P

d)

S

50.

What type of seismic wave travels in and up and down motion perpendicular to the direction of wave travel and can only move through solid material?

a)

S

b)

P

c)

Love

d)

Reyleigh

51.

Where does Earth's internal heat come from?

a)

The Sun

b)

The pressure in the Earth

c)

Gravity

d)

Heat of Formation and Radioactive decay

52.

What is the largest of Earth's Layers?

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

53.

Which is the thinnest of Earth's Layers?

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

54.

Which of Earth's layer is plastic like and allows the crust to flow over it?

a)

Lithosphere

b)

Asthenosphere

c)

Mantle

d)

Outer Core

55.

Which layer of Earth is solid and made of iron and nickel?

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

56.

Which layer of Earth has strong convection currents, which are responsible for the crust’s movement?

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

57.

Which layer of Earth is made up of two different types: oceanic and continental?

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

58.

What rock type is found most readily in the crust?

a)

Gold

b)

Quartz

c)

Gabbro

d)

Granite

59.

Earth's Oceanic Crust is __________ , causing it to subduct _________ the Continental Crust when Tectonic Plates collide.

a)

more dense, under

b)

less dense, over

c)

more dense, over

d)

less dense, under

60.

This is the Earth's (a)   .

61.

This is the Earth's (a)   .

62.

This is the Earth's (a)   .

63.

This is the Earth's (a)   .

64.

Which letter is pointing at the lithosphere?

a)

D

b)

E

c)

F

d)

G

e)

H

65.

Which letter is pointing at the asthenosphere?

a)

D

b)

E

c)

F

d)

G

e)

H

66.

Which letter is pointing at the mesosphere?

a)

D

b)

E

c)

F

d)

G

e)

H

67.

Which letter is pointing at the outer core?

a)

D

b)

E

c)

F

d)

G

e)

H

68.

Which letter is pointing at the inner core?

a)

D

b)

E

c)

F

d)

G

e)

H

69.

Which mechanical layer of the Earth consists of the crust and rigid upper mantle?

a)

mesosphere

b)

lithosphere

c)

asthenosphere

d)

outer core

70.

Which layer of the earth is solid and composed mainly of iron?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

71.

What type of data do scientists use to infer the characteristics of the Earth's layers?

a)

hydrological data

b)

seismic data

c)

pressure depth data

d)

temperature data

72.

As depth increases, what happens to temperature and pressure?

a)

temperature decreases and pressure increases

b)

temperature increases and pressure decreases

c)

temperature and pressure both decrease

d)

temperature and pressure both increase

73.

What do convection currents do in the Earth?

a)

cause cooler rock to rise and warmer rock to sink

b)

cause warmer rock to rise and cooler rock to sink

c)

there are no convection currents inside the Earth

74.
State of matter the rocks that are in the mantle:
a)
Solid
b)
Liquid
c)
Gas
d)
Semisolid
75.
Which of the following is not a piece of Wegener's evidence?
a)
fossils
b)
glaciers
c)
rocks
d)
rivers
76.
How is new crust made?
a)
sea-floor spreading
b)
continental-oceanic
c)
continental-continental
d)
rift valley
77.
Mountain ranges are a result of:
a)
oceanic-oceanic
b)
oceanic-continental
c)
continental-continental
d)
sea-spreading
78.
What type of boundary is indicated here at the red dot?
a)
convergent
b)
divergent
c)
transform
d)
none
79.

What type of boundary interaction is this?

a)

oceanic-continental

b)

continental-continental

c)

oceanic-oceanic

d)

divergent

80.
What are usually common at transform boundaries?
a)
volcanoes
b)
earthquakes
c)
rivers
d)
deserts
81.

P and S waves are body waves caused by

a)

oceans

b)

mountains

c)

the tides

d)

Earthquakes

82.

P waves are also called

a)

pushing waves

b)

pulling waves

c)

primary waves

d)

primordial waves

83.

S waves

a)

are slower than P waves

b)

Faster than P waves

c)

compression waves

d)

faster waves

84.

P and S waves help us to understand (check the 2 that are correct)

a)

The properties of the layers of the Earth

b)

which layers of the Earth are solid or liquid

c)

How the tides work in oceans

85.

The idea that continents were once part of a single landmass that broke apart and

moved

a)

Continental Drift

b)

Tectonic Plates

c)

Transform

d)

Subduct

86.

Forms where plates are moving away from each other

a)

Divergent

b)

Convergent

c)

Transform

87.

Observe this diagram of a plate boundary. One statement BEST describes what is happening. It is that

a)

the tectonic plates are moving away from each other

b)

the continental crust is melting

c)

the more dense oceanic crust is subducting

d)

an ocean ridge is forming

88.

Observe this diagram of a plate boundary. One statement BEST describes what is happening. It is that

a)

the tectonic plates are moving towards each other

b)

the continental crust is melting

c)

the more dense oceanic crust is subducting

d)

an ocean ridge is forming

89.

How fast the continents move?

a)

1-4 inches per day

b)

1-4 inches per week

c)

1-4 inches per month

d)

1-4 inches per year

90.

What is common at convergent boundaries?

a)

Valleys

b)

Canyons

c)

Mountains

d)

Rivers

91.
Which landform might be created at a convergent boundary? 
a)
A mountain range
b)
A volcano
c)
An ocean trench
d)
All of the above
92.
Name the boundary
a)
convergent boundary
b)
divergent boundary
c)
transform boundary
d)
sergent boundary
93.
Name the boundary
a)
convergent boundary
b)
divergent boundary
c)
transform boundary
d)
sergent boundary
94.
Name the boundary
a)
convergent
b)
transform
c)
divergent
d)
sergent
95.

The Ring of Fire is an area where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur. What claim can be made about the Ring of Fire from this information?

a)

It is the only place on Earth where earthquakes can happen.

b)

The edges of the tectonic plates are moving in this area.

c)

It represents the areas where tectonic plates are the thickest.

d)

It has been getting larger since Earth first formed.

96.

A German scientist who first had the idea of continental drift.

a)

Albert Einstein

b)

Galileo

c)

Alfred Wegener

d)

Gladys West

97.

This famous fault in California has a lot of earthquakes!

a)

New Madrid

b)

Denali Fault

c)

Ramapo Seismic Zone

d)

San Andreas Fault

98.
Identify the Major Plate labeled B
a)
African Plate
b)
Antarctic Plate
c)
Pacific Plate
d)
Eurasian Plate 
99.
Identify the Major Plate labeled I
a)
African Plate
b)
Antarctic Plate
c)
Pacific Plate
d)
Eurasian Plate 
100.
Identify the Major Plate labeled N
a)
African Plate
b)
Antarctic Plate
c)
Pacific Plate
d)
Eurasian Plate 
101.
Identify the Major Plate labeled J
a)
African Plate
b)
Antarctic Plate
c)
Pacific Plate
d)
Eurasian Plate 
102.
Identify the Major Plate labeled D
a)
Indo-Australian Plate
b)
North American Plate
c)
South Americana Plate
d)
Eurasian Plate 
103.
Identify the Major Plate labeled G
a)
Indo-Australian Plate
b)
North American Plate
c)
South Americana Plate
d)
Eurasian Plate 
104.
Identify the Major Plate labeled G
a)
Indo-Australian Plate
b)
North American Plate
c)
South Americana Plate
d)
Eurasian Plate 
105.
What is represented by the picture? 
a)
Sea-floor spreading
b)
Pangea
c)
How the continents are arranged today
d)
Volcanoes
106.

Type of plate boundary and crustal feature?

a)

divergent, rift valley

b)

convergent, ocean trench and volcanic mountains

c)

transform, fault lines

d)

convergent, trenches and volcanic islands

107.

What kind of plate boundary? What crustal feature will form?

a)

divergent, mid ocean ridge

b)

convergent, folded mountains

c)

transform, fault lines

d)

divergent, rift valleys

108.

Type of plate boundary and crustal feature?

a)

divergent, rift valley

b)

convergent, ocean trench and volcanic mountains

c)

transform, fault lines

d)

convergent, trenches and volcanic islands

109.

What kind of plate boundary is shown here? What crustal feature will form?

a)

divergent, mid ocean ridges

b)

convergent, trenches, volcanic mountains

c)

transform, fault lines/earthquakes

d)

convergent, folded mountains

110.

What kind of plate boundary is shown here? What crustal feature will form?

a)

divergent, mid ocean ridges

b)

convergent, trenches, volcanic mountains

c)

transform, fault lines/earthquakes

d)

convergent, folded mountains

111.

What two crustal features occur near every subduction zone?

a)

Volcanoes and Trenches

b)

Rift Valleys and Mid Ocean Ridges

c)

Volcanoes and Rift Valleys

d)

Mid Ocean Ridges and Trenches

112.

A divergent boundary in the ocean creates what feature?

a)

Mid Ocean Ridge

b)

Rift Valley

c)

Deep Ocean Trench

d)

Subduction Zone

113.

-The color of the powder left behind when you rub the mineral against a tile.

a)

streak

b)

color

c)

harness

d)

luster

114.
  • the way a mineral's surface reflects light.
a)

streak

b)

luster

c)

color

d)

hardness

115.

Gold, silver and copper are examples of minerals that have ______________________ luster.

a)

metallic

b)

nonmetallic

116.

Which of the following minerals is one of the hardest minerals?

a)

pearl

b)

diamond

c)

talc

d)

quartz

117.
A ranking of a minerals from softest to hardest
a)
streak test
b)
luster test
c)
Mohs hardness scale
d)
fracture
118.
The softest mineral on the Mohs Hardness scale
a)
Gypsum
b)
Talc
c)
Diamond
d)
Feldspar
119.
Minerals are inorganic which means that
a)
they were once parts of living things.
b)
renewable
c)
they were never part of anything living.
d)
they are nonrenewable
120.
A substance composed of a single kind of atom
a)
element
b)
compound
121.
Dull, silky, waxy, pearly, and earthy are terms that best describe which property of minerals?
a)
luster
b)
color
c)
streak
d)
cleavage
122.

Which of the following minerals has a metallic luster, a black streak, and could scratch Gold?

a)

Magnetite

b)

Graphite

c)

Galena

d)

Hematite

123.

Which of the following minerals has a metallic luster, a yellow streak, and is scratched by Galena?

a)

Hematite

b)

Magnetite

c)

Gold

d)

Galena

124.

Which mineral could Fluorite scratch?

a)

Diamond

b)

Calcite

c)

Quartz

d)

Apatite

125.
Which minerals would all scratch apatite?
a)
diamond, topaz, quartz
b)
quartz, calcite, gypsum
c)
fluorite, talc, calcite
d)
diamond, fluorite, corundum
126.
Can a penny scratch fluorite?
a)
Yes 
b)
No 
127.

which mineral can't be scratched by a fingernail but can be scratched by a penny.

a)

calcite

b)

corundum

c)

gypsum

d)

talc

128.
A mineral breaks into pieces like are shown in the picture. How would you describe its breakage?
a)
cleavage
b)
fracture
c)
glassy
d)
waxy
129.
The way in which a mineral reflects light is called
a)
color
b)
luster
c)
cleavage
d)
fracture
130.
The ability of a mineral to resist scratching is called
a)
streak
b)
fracture
c)
hardness
d)
cleavage
131.
Hardness is a property that helps identify minerals. Scientists use a scale of 1-10 to show the hardness of a mineral. What number would be given to the hardest?
a)
1
b)
10
c)
5
d)
7
132.
Which mineral property is being shown here?
a)
luster
b)
cleavage
c)
streak
d)
fracture
133.
A ________ is a naturally occurring, inorganic, solid that can have crystal structure and definite chemical composition. 
a)
mineral
b)
rock
c)
crystal
d)
fluorite
134.
___________ describes how a mineral looks when it breaks apart in an irregular way. 
a)
streak
b)
luster
c)
cleavage
d)
fracture
135.
the process of sediment being glued together
a)
compaction
b)
weathering
c)
erosion
d)
cementation
136.

____ rocks form when rock buried deep inside the earth change without melting or weathering

a)

igneous

b)

sediment

c)

metamorphic

d)

sedimentary

137.

A rock that has cooled fast and may look like glass.

a)

igneous

b)

metamorphic

c)

sedimentary

d)

sediment

138.
What process is used to form sedimentary rocks?
a)
Lava cools and hardens to form a rock.
b)
Weathering, Erosion, Deposition, Compaction, Cementation
c)
Extreme heat and pressure from inside the Earth turn rocks into new rocks.
d)
Magma trapped under the Earth's surface cools and solidifies.
139.

Movement of the Earth's tectonic plates creates extreme _____ below Earth's surface.

a)

compaction/cementation

b)

weathering/erosion

c)

heat/pressure

d)

explosions/exchanges

140.
This rock was formed by smaller pieces of rock that settled at the bottom of a lake millions of years ago. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
141.

This rock was found near the mouth of a volcano. What type of rock is this?

a)

Sedimentary

b)

Extrusive Igneous

c)

Metamorphic

d)

Intrusive Igneous

142.
Wind, water, and ice breaking down rock is called
a)
Erosion
b)
Deposition
c)
Compaction
d)
Weathering
143.
The process by which sediment is moved from one place to another.   Can be caused by water, wind, ice, and gravity.
a)
Rock Cycle
b)
Uplift
c)
Deposition
d)
Erosion
144.

The best answer for section "A" in the diagram

a)

metamorphic/melting

b)

compaction/cementation

c)

weathering/erosion

d)

heat/pressure

145.

The best answer for section "C" in the diagram

a)

metamorphic/melting

b)

compaction/cementation

c)

weathering/erosion

d)

heat/pressure

146.

The best answer for section "B"

a)

metamorphic/melting

b)

compaction/cementation

c)

weathering/erosion

d)

heat/pressure

147.

Rocks are combinations of one or more _______________ that we find in nature.

a)

asteroids

b)

minerals

c)

sediments

d)

metals

148.

Metamorphic rock melts to form

a)

extrusive igneous rock

b)

magma

c)

sediments

d)

intrusive igneous rock

149.

This type of rock forms from bits and pieces of other rock.

a)

Igneous

b)

Lava

c)

Sedimentary

d)

Metamorphis

150.
Sedimentary rock type made from bits of minerals and other Earth material that were weathered and moved is _?_ sedimentary rock.
a)
clastic
b)
chemical
c)
organic 
151.
What type of weathering is it when acid rain breaks down and changes the rock.
a)
chemical weathering 
b)
physical or mechanical weathering
c)
erosion
d)
Deposition
152.
thermal fractionation, frost wedging, hydration shattering, exfoliation and abrasion. are forms of what? 
a)
Mechanical Weathering 
b)
Erosion
c)
Chemical Weathering 
d)
Compaction 
153.
Dissolution, hydrolysis, Hydration, and  Oxidation and Acid Rain are examples of what kind of weathering?
a)
Mechanical Weathering
b)
Abrasion 
c)
Chemical Weathering
d)
Bill Nye the science guy
154.
These rocks were broken apart from the continuous freeze/thaw of water in the cracks of the rocks. This is an example of:
a)
ice wedging
b)
dumptruck
c)
permeability
d)
acid rain
155.

Which mineral has a nonmetallic luster, cubic cleavage, and has a hardness of 2.5?

a)

Galena

b)

Muscovite Mica

c)

Halite

d)

Biotite Mica

156.

Put these in order (siltstone, shale and sandstone) from smallest to largest particle.

a)

siltstone, shale, sandstone

b)

sandstone, siltstone, shale

c)

shale, siltstone, sandstone

d)

sandstone, shale, siltstone

157.

Which is the best description for the properties of rhyolite?

a)

fine-grained and mafic

b)

fine-grained and felsic

c)

coarse-grained and mafic

d)

coarse-grained and felsic

158.

Which of these minerals is made of Fe3O4?

a)

garnet

b)

quartz

c)

olivine

d)

magnetite

159.

Which three minerals are most commonly found in the igneous rock gabbro?

a)

amphibole, calcite, and hematite

b)

amphibole, biotite mica, and gypsum

c)

plagioclase feldspar, pyroxene, and olivine

d)

plagioclase feldspar, potassium feldspar, and quartz

160.
One example of a sedmentary rock is ____________.
a)
pumice
b)
obsidian
c)
sandstone
d)
marble
161.

What mineral has a hardness of 7.5, has fracture, and is red?

(a)  

162.

Is this igneous rock intrusive or extrusive?

a)

Intrusive

b)

Extrusive

163.

Is this igneous rock intrusive or extrusive?

a)

Intrusive

b)

Extrusive

164.

Is pumice mafic or felsic?

a)

Mafic

b)

Felsic

165.

Which of the following is a fine-grained mafic igneous rock?

a)

Pegmatite

b)

Basalt

c)

Diorite

d)

Obsidian

166.

What is the difference between granite and pegmatite?

a)

Crystal size

b)

Composition

c)

Density

d)

Color

167.

Which igneous rock is glassy and felsic?

a)

Basaltic glass

b)

Scoria

c)

Granite

d)

Obsidian

168.
How is crystal size related to the rate a molten material cools
a)
the faster it cools the smaller the crystal
b)
the faster it cools the larger the crystal
c)
the slower it cools  the smaller the crystal
169.
Which of the following is NOT a type of chemical weathering?
a)
water
b)
carbon dioxide
c)
ice wedging
d)
living organisms secreting acid to break down rocks
170.
Which of the following is NOT a type of physical weathering?
a)
burrowing plants
b)
ice wedging
c)
plant roots
d)
acid rain
171.
A marble statue is left exposed to the weather.  Within a few years, the details on the statue have begun to weather away.  This weathering probably is caused by...
a)
oxygen in the air
b)
carbonic acid in rainwater
c)
lichens
d)
abrasion
172.
The diagrams  shows a natural process that weathers rock.
 Which statement best explains why this process results in weathering?
a)
frozen water acts as a solute
b)
water expands when it freezes
c)
the mass of water increases when it freezes
d)
frozen water dissolves most types of rock
173.
What is mechanical weathering?
a)
Process through which rocks are physically broken into smaller pieces.
b)
Rocks are broken down through chemical changes.
c)
Rocks are worn away from acid in plant roots.
d)
Rocks broken down by machinery.
174.
Which type of climate will have faster chemical weathering?
a)
Hot and Wet
b)
Cold and Dry
c)
Hot and Cold
d)
Cold and Wet
175.
How do plants weather rocks?
a)
during photosynthesis
b)
when roots grow into cracks of rocks and expand the rock
c)
when the plant moves water from the roots to the leaves
176.
When wind, water, or ice leave materials in a location, this is known as:
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
d)
Transportation
177.
plants produce weak acids that slowly dissolve the rock they are growing on
a)
chemical weathering
b)
mechanical weathering
c)
erosion
d)
deposition
178.

These rocks were made smooth by wind blowing smaller rock particles across their surface. This is an example of:

a)

ice wedging

b)

chemical weathering

c)

acid rain

d)

abrasion

179.
What are the two factors that affect the rate at which weathering occurs?
a)
climate and mass of rock
b)
climate and size of rock
c)
type of rock and size of rock
d)
type of rock and climate
180.

carbon dioxide dissolves in water then weathers marble and limestone

a)

chemical weathering

b)

mechanical weathering

c)

erosion

d)

deposition

181.

Which layer is the densest/heaviest?

a)

core

b)

mantle

c)

crust

182.

What are the two main forces responsible for the movement of water within the water cycle?

a)

Gravity

b)

Solar energy

c)

Wind energy

d)

Geothermal energy

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