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HMH unit 1,2 and 1,3

Total questions: 120

Worksheet time: 2hrs 29mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
If the environment gets cold, we will often shiver in order to:
a)
keep body temperature the same as the external temperature
b)
decrease body temperature
c)
increase body temperature
d)
regulate blood pressure
2.
The "cause" for something to happen is the
a)
response
b)
effect
c)
stimulus
d)
homeostasis
3.
The "effect" of a given stimulus is the...
a)
response
b)
stimulus
c)
cause
d)
result
4.
What type of feedback loop is shown?
a)
negative
b)
neutral 
c)
positive
5.
The two types of feedback systems that help organisms maintain homeostasis are:
a)
positive and negative 
b)
receptor and effector
c)
static and dynamic
d)
minor and major
6.
Maintaining body temperature is an example of a:
a)
negative feedback loop
b)
positive feedback loop
7.
When glucose levels in the blood rise, your brain sends a signal to your pancreas. The pancreas releases insulin, which opens channels in cell membranes to allow glucose to enter the cell, lowering blood sugar levels. 
a)
Positive Feedback Response
b)
Negative Feedback Loop 
8.

What is the point of a feedback loop?

a)

To provide the body with more energy

b)

To provide the body with more food

c)

To make sure the conditions in the body are always changing

d)

To make sure the conditions in the body remain stable

9.
a body system that controls and coordinates all body activities through electric impulses/messages between brain, spinal cord and nerves.
a)
endocrine system 
b)
nervous system
c)
nerve
d)
neuron
10.

Loops that cause a response to build up and build up until something big happens are called ____________ loops

a)

positive

b)

negative

11.

The heater kicks on and the house warms up, so it kicks off. Then the house cools a bit and the heater kicks back on. This continues all day. It's a _____________ loop.

a)

positive

b)

negative

12.

Homeostatic Mechanisms

a)

keep living systems at a static point

b)

help to keep a relatively constant internal environment in organisms

c)

usually operate by positive feedback

d)

allow organisms to operate under extreme conditions

13.

Which of these conditions indicate positive feedback has occurred?

a)

The production of a particular product continues its production

b)

The production of a particular product stops its production

c)

Sweat evaporates from a person's skin

14.

Which of these conditions indicate negative feedback has occurred?

a)

The production of a particular product continues its production

b)

The production of a particular product stops its production

c)

Sweat evaporates from a person's skin

15.

Thermoregulation happens when organisms regulate

a)

temperature

b)

blood glucose

c)

oxygen and carbon dioxide

d)

water and solutes

16.

Diabetes is a disease where some mammals cannot properly regulate

a)

temperature

b)

blood glucose

c)

oxygen and carbon dioxide

d)

water and solutes

17.

When blood glucose levels get too high, the pancreas stimulates the release of

a)

glucose

b)

glycogen

c)

insulin

d)

glucagon

18.

Which type of feedback system is more common in maintaining homeostasis?

a)

positive

b)

negative

c)

neutral

d)

balanced

19.

Maintaining stable internal conditions despite changes in the external environment

a)

Homeostasis

b)

Metabolism

c)

Protein Synthesis

d)

Adaptation

20.
Humans have ___ for body temperature, blood glucose concentrations, electrolyte concentrations, pH levels, tendon tension and variables.
a)
positive feedback mechanisms
b)
set points
c)
a wide internal range
d)
no regulation
21.
Homeostasis in the human body is often maintained by a: 
a)
neutral feedback loop 
b)
solar feedback loop
c)
positive feedback loop
d)
negative feedback loop
22.
What type of feedback loop is shown?
a)
Positive
b)
Neutral
c)
Negative
23.
What type of feedback loop is shown?
a)
negative
b)
neutral 
c)
positive
24.
What is another word that can be used to describe "homeostasis"?
a)
STABLE
b)
EQUAL
c)
COMPLETE
d)
CORRECT
25.

Most of the homeostatic feedback mechanisms are positive feedback systems.

a)

True

b)

False

26.

An example of a negative feedback loop is

a)

Blood glucose regulation

b)

Blood pressure regulation

c)

Thermoregulation

d)

All of the above

27.

An example of a positive feedback loop is ____________.

a)

Childbirth

b)

Blood Pressure regulation

c)

Thermoregulation

d)

All of the above

28.

In this body temperature feedback loop, predict what would happen if cooling mechanisms were NOT activated?

a)

The body would not warm up.

b)

The body would not cool down.

c)

Your body would get colder and colder.

d)

Your body would release lots of heat.

29.
Humans have ___ for body temperature, blood glucose concentrations, electrolyte concentrations, pH levels, tendon tension and variables.
a)
positive feedback mechanisms
b)
set points
c)
a wide internal range
d)
no regulation
30.
Fill in the blank: 
___________ cell --> _________ tissue --> Stomach --> Digestive System --> Human
a)
Epithelial, Epithelial
b)
Connective, Epithelial
c)
Nervous, Nervous
d)
Epithelial, Connective
31.
Which organ is a part of the Respiratory System? 
a)
Heart
b)
Stomach
c)
Lungs
d)
Esophagus
32.
Skin is a part of which organ system? 
a)
Endocrine
b)
Digestive
c)
Integumentary
d)
Respiratory
33.
What organ system fits in this hierarchy: 
Epithelial Cell --> Epithelial Tissue --> Lungs --> _________________ --> Human
a)
Breathing System
b)
Respiratory System
c)
Integumentary System
d)
Nervous System
34.
Why do muscle cells need a lot of mitochondria? 
a)
Mitochondria protect the cells from ripping
b)
Mitochondria protect muscles from disease
c)
Mitochondria produce energy that our muscles need
d)
Our muscles produce energy for the mitochondria to use.
35.
What organ system has a cell that is specialized to protect the body/ organ from acid?
a)
Digestive System
b)
Stomach
c)
Lungs
d)
Respiratory System
36.
Which of the following is NOT one of the four categories of tissues in humans:
a)
Epithelial
b)
Nervous
c)
Connective
d)
Bone
37.
What is the function of the Endocrine system? 
a)
Protection
b)
Release Hormones
c)
Coordinate body actions
38.
Which organ system coordinates the body's actions? 
a)
Nervous System
b)
Digestive System
c)
Endocrine System
d)
Integumentary System
39.
What organ is part of the Circulatory System? 
a)
Lungs
b)
Blood
c)
Heart
d)
Brain
40.
Which specialized cell is responsible for production and maintenance of bone tissue? 
a)
osteocyte
b)
goblet cell
c)
epithelial cell
41.
What cell is responsible for absorbing oxygen from the air and releasing carbon dioxide and what system is it part of? 
a)
Epithelial cell, respiratory
b)
Epithelial cell, circulatory
c)
Osteocyte, Skeletal
d)
Muscle cell, respiratory
42.
What is the simplest form of life? 
a)
Cell
b)
Tissue
c)
Organ
d)
Human
43.
Which is more complex: 
stomach or lungs
a)
stomach
b)
lungs
c)
they are the same
44.
The brain and spinal cord are made of what cell? 
a)
Osteocytes
b)
Epithelial Cells
c)
Neurons
d)
Nerves
45.

_________ _________ are a special type of body cell that can develop into different types of cells.

(a)  

46.

_____________ ______________ is the process by which cells that are not specialized develop into their specialized form.

(a)  

47.

Why do stomach cells function differently than skin cells?

a)

They contain entirely different DNA

b)

They use different genes in the DNA

48.

 

 

What type of cells are these? They are responsible for sending messages and communication!!

a)

Neurons

b)

Blood

c)

Bone

d)

Skin

49.

What type of cells are these? They are part of the OUTER LAYER of your body!

a)

Lung

b)

Skin

c)

Stomach

d)

Bone

50.

What type of cells are these? They are part of the skeletal system.

a)

Liver

b)

Blood

c)

Stomach

d)

Bone

51.

What type of cells are these? They are responsible for MOVEMENT!

a)

Liver

b)

Blood

c)

Muscle

d)

Skin

52.

What type of cells are these? They make up your circulatory system and carry oxygen in your body.

a)

Skin

b)

Blood

c)

Liver

d)

Lung

53.

What type of cells are these? They make up your digestive system and help break down food.

a)

Red Blood

b)

Intestinal

c)

White Blood

d)

Bone

54.

What type of cells are these? They are part of the immune system and help fight off infection.

a)

Red Blood Cells

b)

Fur Balls

c)

Liver Cells

d)

White Blood Cells

55.

True or False: There are over 20 trillion cells in our bodies and they are all working together to help us function!

a)

True

b)

False

56.

What is cell differentiation?

a)

Process by which cells produce MORE cells.

b)

Process by which cells become UNSPECIALIZED

c)

Process by with cells become SPECIALIZED

d)

Process by which cells become old and DIE

57.

What is one goal of cellular differentiation?

a)

To create many identical copies of cells.

b)

To make stem cells for use in the future.

c)

To make single-celled organisms.

d)

To make specialized cells to maintain homeostasis.

58.

Stem cells are cells that...

a)

grow uncontrollably

b)

are undifferentiated

c)

never divide

59.

Are made up of small structures called organelles

a)

animal cells

b)

plant cells

c)

both

d)

neither

60.

Contain a large central vacuole

a)

animal cells

b)

plant cells

c)

both

d)

neither

61.

Contains chloroplasts

a)

plant cells

b)

animal cells

c)

both

d)

neither

62.

Contains a cell membrane

a)

animal cell

b)

plant cell

c)

both

d)

neither

63.

Is the basic unit of life

a)

animal cell

b)

plant cell

c)

both

d)

neither

64.

Contains a cell wall

a)

animal cell

b)

plant cell

c)

both

d)

neither

65.

Can join together to create tissues

a)

animal cell

b)

plant cell

c)

both

d)

neither

66.

Are the building blocks of life

a)

animal cell

b)

plant cell

c)

both

d)

neither

67.

Contain organs

a)

animal cell

b)

plant cell

c)

both

d)

neither

68.

Are made mostly of water

a)

animal cell

b)

plant cell

c)

both

d)

neither

69.

Come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes

a)

animal cell

b)

plant cell

c)

both

d)

neither

70.

Can perform photosynthesis

a)

animal cell

b)

plant cell

c)

both

d)

neither

71.

Perform cell respiration and contain mitochondria

a)

animal cell

b)

plant cell

c)

both

d)

neither

72.

Contain ribosomes that perform protein synthesis

a)

animal cell

b)

plant cell

c)

both

d)

neither

73.

Contain a nucleus which controls cell activities through the genetic information stored in DNA

a)

animal cell

b)

plant cell

c)

both

d)

neither

74.
What is the smallest unit of life that can carry out all life functions?
a)
the nucleus
b)
the vacuole
c)
the mitochondria
d)
the cell
75.
Which one of the following organelles is not found in a an animal cell?
a)
cell membrane
b)
nucleus
c)
chloroplast
d)
endoplasmic reticulum
76.
made up of chromosomes and determines the genetic traits.
a)
cytoplasm
b)
mitochondria
c)
organelles
d)
DNA
77.
Provides extra support for the plant cell and gives in shape
a)
chlorophyll
b)
chloroplast
c)
cell wall
d)
vacuole
78.
A storage structure- in an animal cell there are many small ones, but in a plant cell there is just one large one.
a)
vacuole
b)
ribosomes
c)
golgi body
d)
chloroplast
79.
Acts like a gatekeeper- allowing some materials to pass through it, but not others. 
a)
cytoplasm
b)
cell membrane
c)
mitochondria
d)
vacuoles
80.
The shape of this type of cell is rectangular.
a)
plant cell
b)
animal cell
c)
bacteria cell
81.
The shape of this type of cell can be round or oval.
a)
animal cell
b)
plant cell
c)
bacteria cell
82.
what's the difference between prokaryotes vs. eukaryotes?
a)
Prokaryotes have nucleus
b)
Eukaryotes do not have a nucleus
c)
Prokaryotes have a cell wall
d)
Eukaryotes do have a nucleus
83.
"powerhouse of the cell" breaks down sugar molecules to release energy
a)
Mitochondria
b)
Chloroplast
c)
Cell Wall
d)
Vesicle
84.

Jelly-like substance found inside cell that all organelles are surrounded by

a)
Nuclear Membrane
b)
Golgi Body
c)
Cytoplasm
d)
Ribosome
85.
Controls what passes in and out of the cell
a)
Cell Membrane
b)
Vacuole
c)
Ribosome
d)
Lysosome
86.
gives support and shape to some cells
a)
Cell Wall
b)
Cytoskeleton
c)
Cell Membrane
d)
Nuclear Membrane
87.
Makes proteins for the cell, can be found attached to the endoplasmic reticulum or free in the cytoplasm
a)
Cell Wall
b)
Golgi Body
c)
Ribosome
d)
Cytoplasm
88.
Tiny cell structures that carry out specific functions within the cell.
a)
membranes
b)
nucleus
c)
organelles
d)
animalicules
89.
First type of cell to appear on Earth?
a)
Plant
b)
Animal
c)
Prokaryotic
d)
Eukaryotic
90.
Plants and animal cells both have a nucleus.
a)
True
b)
False
91.
Directs all cell activities  (instructions for protein synthesis) through the DNA located there.
a)
Lysosomes
b)
Nucleus
c)
ribosomes
d)
Mitochondria
92.

An animal cell has the following except a/an...

a)

Nucleus

b)

Lysosome

c)

Cell Wall

d)

Endoplasmic reticulum

93.
Which organelle belongs in plant cells only?
a)
Cell Membrane
b)
Mitochondrion
c)
Chloroplast
d)
Nucleus
94.

Which of the following are in the correct order?

a)

organ system, cell, organ, tissue, organism

b)

cell, organ, tissue, organ system, organism

c)

cell, tissue, organelle, organ system, organism

d)

cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

95.

Homeostasis mechanisms...

a)

keep everything exactly the same.

b)

usually operate by positive feedback systems.

c)

act to keep the internal environmental conditions outside the normal range

d)

is the ability to maintain a relatively stable internal environment

96.

Which type of feedback system is more common in maintaining homeostasis?

a)

positive

b)

negative

c)

neutral

d)

balanced

97.

What type of feedback system is more dangerous to an organism?

a)

positive

b)

negative

c)

neutral

d)

balanced

98.

This feedback system amplifies a change until a desired outcome is reached.

a)

positive feedback system

b)

negative feedback system

c)

neutral feedback system

d)

self-monitoring feedback system

99.

This is the term used to describe the normal range of a variable in an organism

a)

control center

b)

effector

c)

stimulus

d)

set point

100.

This is the term used to describe a body part that provides the response needed to influence a change.

a)

control center

b)

effector

c)

sensor

d)

set point

101.

It transmits signals to the control center when it detects a change.

a)

control center

b)

effector

c)

response

d)

sensor

102.

The reaction of the effector is called..

a)

response

b)

sensor

c)

stimulus

d)

set point

103.

receives and analyzes information received from the sensors

a)

control center

b)

effector

c)

sensor

d)

response

104.

A noticeable change in an organism's environment.

a)

control center

b)

response

c)

stimulus

d)

set point

105.

The feedback system that returns the body back to the normal set point.

a)

positive

b)

negative

c)

neutral

d)

returnable

106.

What type of feedback system is described above?

a)

positive

b)

negative

c)

neutral

d)

leofied

107.

What type of feedback system does the model represent?

a)

positive

b)

negative

c)

neutral

d)

glyogen

108.

What is the stimulus in the model above?

a)

body temperature

b)

increase in body temperature

c)

decrease in body temperature

d)

blood vessels dilating

109.

What is the sensor in the model above?

a)

Hypothalamus

b)

muscles

c)

thermoreceptors

d)

Blood vessels

110.

What is the control center in the model above?

a)

Hypothalamus

b)

muscles

c)

thermoreceptors

d)

Blood vessels

111.

What is an effector in the model above?

a)

Hypothalamus

b)

sweat glands

c)

thermoreceptors

d)

sweating

112.

What is a response (not the result) in the model above?

a)

body temperature increasing

b)

sweat glands

c)

thermoreceptors

d)

sweating

113.

What hormone is released when blood glucose levels rise above normal?

a)

insulin

b)

glucagon

c)

glycogen

d)

leptin

114.

What hormone is released when blood glucose fall below normal?

a)

insulin

b)

glycogen

c)

glucagon

d)

leptin

115.

What organ releases hormones that regulate blood glucose levels?

a)

salivary glands

b)

stomach

c)

small intestine

d)

pancreas

116.

What does insulin promote in the liver?

a)

hydrolysis of glycogen

b)

hydrolysis of glucagon

c)

release of glucose

d)

production of glycogen

117.

What does glucagon promote in the liver?

a)

hydrolysis of glycogen

b)

hydrolysis of glucose

c)

production of glycogen

d)

release of insulin

118.

How does insulin reduce blood glucose levels?

a)

it breaks down glucose

b)

promotes the release of glucose from cells through a transporter

c)

promotes the uptake of glucose into cells through a transporter

d)

it prevents the intestine from releasing glucose into the blood

119.

What causes type 1 diabetes?

a)

lack of exercise

b)

obesity

c)

eating too much carbohydrates

d)

autoimmune disease

120.

How do you treat type 2 diabetes?

a)

take insulin

b)

reduce carbohydrates in diet

c)

replace beta cells of pancreas

d)

gain weight

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