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Worksheets

Diabetes

Total questions: 33

Worksheet time: 1hrs 6mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

For the patient with type 1 diabetes, which intervention would the nurse consider teaching when the patient reports multiple episodes of hypoglycemia?

a)

Administer insulin in the legs only

b)

Check blood glucose every hour

c)

Avoid the use of insulin aspart

d)

Only use the fingertips for blood glucose checks

2.

What action would the caregiver of a patient with diabetes implement for treatment of moderate hypoglycemia?

a)

Provide half a cup of fruit juice

b)

Offer 4 cubes, or teaspoons of sugar

c)

Subcutaneously inject 1 mg of glucagon

d)

Provide 15 g of carbohydrate and cheese

3.

Which intervention would the nurse implement when a patient presents to the emergency department with vomiting and abdominal pain, as well as rapid, deep respirations and a current blood glucose of 480 mg/dL?

a)

Restrict fluids

b)

Check the urine for ketones

c)

Provide mechanical ventilation

d)

Administer subcutaneous insulin

4.

When teaching a community group about diabetes care, the nurse would teach which information regarding alcohol use and diabetes mellitus?

a)

Avoid alcohol use

b)

Drink alcohol with meals

c)

Check blood glucose after each drink

d)

Prepare to administer large doses than normal

5.

For the patient diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and receiving discharge teachings about signs of hypoglycemia, which patient statement indicates understanding of the nurse's teachings? [SATA]

a)

"I may experience weakness."

b)

"It can cause a fast heart rate."

c)

"Sometimes it causes vomiting."

d)

"I might feel anxious or nervous."

6.

Which intervention would the nurse implement first when providing care for a patient who obtains an elevated reading from continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)?

a)

Administer insulin

b)

Notify the health care provider

c)

Continue to monitor hourly readings

d)

Confirm the results with a finger stick test

7.

A patient scheduled for surgery in the morning has insulin glargine scheduled before bed and then is placed on NPO status at midnight. Which action would the nurse implement regarding the scheduled insulin?

a)

Give the insulin

b)

Hold the insulin

c)

Contact the health care provider

d)

Reduce the dose based on the blood glucose level

8.

After a patient received discharge instructions about managing hypoglycemia at home, which patient food selection to treat mild hypoglycemia demonstrates effective teaching? [SATA]

a)

2 hard candies

b)

6 saltine crackers

c)

1 cup of fruit juice

d)

3 graham crackers

e)

4 teaspoons of sugar

9.

When providing educational information about sick day rules, the nurse would include which information for the patient with diabetes? [SATA]

a)

Avoid antidiarrheal medications

b)

Notify the health care provider if ill

c)

Drink 8 to 12 oz of sugar-free liquid each hour while awake

d)

Test the urine for ketones if the blood glucose level is greater than 180 mg/dL

e)

If unable to eat, consume liquids equal to the carbohydrate content normally eaten

10.

The nurse would instruct a patient newly diagnosed with diabetes to self-check the blood glucose level at which time? [SATA]

a)

After eating

b)

Before meals

c)

Frequently if you are ill

d)

If you are thirsty and urinate frequently

e)

1 hour after taking a rapid-acting insulin

11.

Which insulin selection indicates patient understanding of teachings received from the nurse about the use of basal insulin for glucose stabilization?

a)

Insulin lispro

b)

Insulin aspart

c)

Insulin glargine

d)

Insulin glulisine

12.

After administering insulin aspart at 7:00 a.m., the nurse would assess the patient for signs of hypoglycemia at which time?

a)

9:00 a.m.

b)

11:00 a.m.

c)

12:00 p.m.

d)

2:00 p.m.

13.

When a patient with diabetes mellitus received insulin aspart at 8:00 a.m., at which time would the nurse anticipate a potential hypoglycemic event to occur?

a)

8:30 a.m.

b)

4:00 p.m.

c)

8:30 p.m.

d)

11:00 a.m.

14.

Which medication would the nurse associate with lowering blood glucose levels by inhibiting liver glucose production, decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose, and increasing insulin sensitivity?

a)

Pioglitazone

b)

Glipizide

c)

Glimepiride

d)

Metformin

15.

When the nurse is providing postoperative cholecystectomy care for a patient with diabetes mellitus, for which reason would the nurse prioritize blood glucose management in the patient's plan of care?

a)

Patients diagnosed with diabetes have increased anxiety

b)

Patients with postoperative hyperglycemia are prone to poor wound healing

c)

Patients with diabetes who undergo surgery are likely to develop hypoglycemia

d)

Patients with diabetes should not receive insulin when they do not eat a meal

16.

Which of the following symptoms do NOT present in hyperglycemia?

a)

Extreme thirst

b)

Hunger

c)

Blood glucose <60 mg/dL

d)

Glycosuria

17.

Type 1 diabetics typically have the following characteristics:

a)

Thin and young with ketones present in the urine

b)

Overweight and young with no ketones present in the urine

c)

Thin and older adults with glycosuria

d)

Overweight, adult-aged with ketones present in the urine

18.

When fatty acids are used for energy, organic molecules called ______ are released into the bloodstream.

a)

Lipids

b)

Glucose

c)

ketones

d)

melanocytes

19.

True or false: Although autoimmune destruction of beta cells does not occur, people with type 2 diabetes may eventually require insulin.

a)

True

b)

False

20.

In conditions of hyperglycemia, the A1C is:

a)

Increased

b)

Decreased

21.

A patient who received insulin glargine subcutaneously 30 minutes ago is now cool, clammy, and anxious with a current blood glucose level of 54 mg/dL. The patient states, "Something is wrong with me." Which intervention would the nurse implement?

a)

Administer IV insulin

b)

Administer IV dextrose

c)

Administer IM glucagon

d)

Administer a carbohydrate replacement

22.

For the patient with type 2 diabetes who is admitted for surgery, which response would the nurse use when the patient wants to know why the heath care provider added insulin to the current dose of metformin?

a)

"You can't take your metformin while in the hospital."

b)

"Your diabetes is worse, so you will need to take insulin."

c)

"Your body is under more stress, so you'll need insulin to support your medication."

d)

"You must take insulin from now on because the surgery will affect your diabetes."

23.

For the patient diagnosed with hypoglycemia, the nurse would assess for the presence of which clinical manifestation? [SATA]

a)

Urine ketones

b)

Confusion

c)

Weakness

d)

Dehydration

e)

Cool, clammy skin

24.

Which finding would the nurse associate with a diagnosis of hyperglycemia? [SATA]

a)

Hunger

b)

Nervousness

c)

Warm, moist skin

d)

Ketones in urine

e)

Kussmaul respiration

25.

For a patient using an insulin pump to treat type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM), which intervention to manage blood glucose levels would the nurse teach the patient to implement?

a)

Manage hyperglycemia by increasing insulin dosage

b)

Avoid additional carbohydrates after unplanned exercise

c)

Consume additional carbohydrates after planned exercise

d)

Reduce the insulin dosage before planned exercise

26.

Four assigned patients take metformin. Which patient would the nurse consider at the highest risk for developing lactic acidosis?

a)

Patient who is receiving dialysis

b)

Patient who has hyperglycemia

c)

Patient who is also taking warfarin

d)

Patient who is also taking oral contraceptives

27.

WHich aciton would the nurse perform when a patient in the ICU with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has an insulin infusion and the cardiac monitor indicates ventricular ectopy?

a)

Evaluate the urine output for the past 24 hours

b)

Examine or obtain the current potassium level

c)

Adjust the rate of IV fluids per facility protocol

d)

Obtain an order for a 12-lead ECG

28.

For a patient newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, which patient selection indicates effective teaching of the types of premeal insulin by the nurse?

a)

Insulin aspart

b)

Insulin detemir

c)

Insulin glargine

d)

Isophane insulin NPH

29.

When providing care for an older-adult patient with diabetes mellitus, acute renal failure, history of thyroid tumor, and periodic angina, the nurse would anticipate administering which medication safely to control the patient's diabetes?

a)

Glipizide

b)

Liraglutide

c)

Metformin

d)

Pioglitazone

30.

When receiving the health care provider's admission prescriptions for a patient admitted with a hyperglycemic-hyperosmolar state, the nurse understands that which prescription is consistent with this diagnosis? [SATA]

a)

Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) IV, 1 ampule now

b)

Regular insulin IV at 2 unites/hr

c)

Normal saline IV at 100 mL/hr

d)

Addition of 20 mEq potassium chloride (KCl) for each liter of fluids

31.

Which patient statement indicates understanding of the nurse's teachings related to a newly prescribed medication, insulin glargine? [SATA]

a)

"I will administer it subcutaneously."

b)

"I cannot mix this with other insulins."

c)

"The insulin will start working in 2 to 4 hours."

d)

"I will take this before meals and bedtime."

e)

"If I am hospitalized, I can receive this medication IV."

32.

Which feature of the glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) test is important?

a)

Eating habits, within 24 hours before the test, do not alter the results

b)

The patient must drink a 75-g glucose load 1 hour before the test

c)

The test determines the average blood glucose levels of the previous 14 days

d)

The patient must not have any caloric intake for at least 8 hours before the test.

33.

When the nurse is administering metformin before breakfast to a patient with type 2 diabetes, which patient finding would require further follow-up by the nurse before administering the medication?

a)

Episode of diarrhea overnight

b)

Pulse oximetry reading of 95% at 7:00 am

c)

Premeal blood glucose level of 120 mg/dL

d)

Scheduled angiogram of the leg later today