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Test Review - DNA + Replication & Cell Cycle (23-24)

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 1hrs 15mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What are nucleotides made of?

a)

Sugar, Phosphate, Nitrogen base

b)

Phosphate, Lipids, Nitrogen base

c)

Thymine, Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine

d)

Proteins, Nitrogen, Sugar

2.
Which shows the correct complementary base pairing for DNA?
a)
C-A, T-G
b)
A-G, C-T
c)
C-G, U-A
d)
T-A, G-C
3.
Which of the following monomers are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA?
a)

Amino acids

b)

Nucleotides

c)

Fatty acids

d)

Monosaccharides

4.

What determines how traits are physically expressed using your DNA?

a)

The shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases

b)

The order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases

c)

The color of the nitrogen bases

d)

The repeated sequences of one nitrogen base

5.
Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)

Deoxyribose sugar and nitrogen base

b)

Deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond

c)

Deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus

d)

Deoxyribose sugar and phosphate

6.
The two strands of nitrogenous bases in DNA are joined by which type of bond?
a)

Metallic bonds

b)

Ionic bonds

c)

Covalent bonds

d)

Hydrogen bonds

7.

Which of the following is correctly matches: 5' ATT GTA CGA 3'

a)

3' TAA CAT GCT 5'

b)

5' ATT GTA CGA 3'

c)

3' TAA GTA TCG 5'

d)

3' GCC ACG TAC 5'

8.

Which nitrogenous bases are purines? (2 Answers)

a)

Adenine

b)

Thymine

c)

Guanine

d)

Cytosine

9.

The 'backbone' or 'ribbon' of the DNA strand is made of:

a)

Phosphate and sugar

b)

Phosphate only

c)

Phosphate and base

d)

Sugar and base

10.

Where do Hydrogen bonds occur?

a)

On the ribbon (between the sugar and phosphate)

b)

Between the nitrogen bases

c)

Only between Adenine & Thymine

d)

Only between Guanine & Cytosine

11.

Antiparallel strands of nucleotides run in _____________.

a)

Opposite directions

b)

Same direction

c)

Only in one direction

12.

Which nitrogenous bases are pyrimidines? (2 Answers)

a)

Adenine

b)

Thymine

c)

Guanine

d)

Cytosine

13.

What do you call the strands between two nucleotides of DNA in which each purine on one strand pairs with a specific pyrimidine on the opposite strand - A and T; C and G

a)

Sugar-Phosphate Backbone strands

b)

Double Helix

c)

Complementary Strands

d)

Parallels Strands

14.

Which is the role of DNA polymerase?

a)

Unwinds the original DNA strand

b)

Lays down RNA primer for new nucleotide bases.

c)

Builds new strands by bringing in new nucleotide bases.

d)

Remove Okazaki fragments for new nucleotides.

15.
Why does DNA replicate?
a)
To create another copy for the new cell
b)
To create a duplicate copy in case the original gets damaged
c)
To create a new copy to replace the damaged original
16.

The process of DNA replication is called semi conservative because it results in __________.

a)

None of these.

b)

Two DNA molecules.  One original molecule and one with two new strands.

c)

Two exact copies with new strands.

d)

Two identical molecules, each with 1 original strand and one new.

17.

Match the following enzymes to it's definition.

a)

Helicase

1.

Breaks apart the hydrogen bonds between the DNA strands

b)

Primase

2.

Places RNA primers onto the DNA strand to create a starting point for another enzyme.

c)

DNA Polymerase

3.

Replaces the RNA primers with new nucleotides.

d)

Ligase

4.

Glues the new nucleotides to the sugar/phosphate.

e)

Exonuclease

5.

Removes the RNA primers so that new nucleotides can be put in.

18.

Enzyme that connects (glues) the DNA to the backbone.

a)

Ligase

b)

Polymerase

c)

Helicase

d)

Primase

19.

Enzyme that breaks hydrogen bonds (unzips)

a)

Ligase

b)

Polymerase

c)

Primase

d)

Helicase

20.
DNA codes for...
a)

Cholesterol

b)

Proteins

c)

Fatty Acids

d)

Nucleic Acids

21.

Which enzyme is responsible for building nucleotides?

a)

Helicase

b)
DNA Polymerase
c)
Ligase
d)
Primase
22.
This image shows that DNA Replication is _______.
a)

Semi-spontaneous

b)

Semi-conservative

c)

Semi-aggressive

d)

Semi-conscious

23.

Enzymes: Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides?

a)

Topoisomerase

b)

DNA Polymerase

c)

Ligase

d)

Primase

24.
Sometimes, DNA is called "semi-conservative." Why might this be?
a)

One strand is "conserved" and used to make the new strands

b)
Uracil is "conserved" in that it is only used to make the new strands
c)
ATP is "conserved" via the usage of facilitated diffusion
d)
Ligase is "conserved" in that it is denatured by the process
25.
A process in which DNA has the unique ability to make an exact copy of itself.
a)
Replication
b)
Translation
c)
Transcription
26.

What happens during Interphase? Check all answers that apply.

a)

Mitosis

b)

Cell Growth

c)

DNA Replication

d)

The cell gets ready to divide

27.

What part of the cell cycle results in the splitting of cytoplasm into 2 new daughter cells?

a)

Interphase

b)

Mitosis

c)

Metaphase

d)

Cytokinesis

28.
What phase is this cell in?
a)
Cytokinesis
b)
Mitosis
c)
Prophase
d)
Metaphase
29.
What phase is this cell in?
a)
Mitosis
b)
Interphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
30.

What phase is this cell in? (Hint: The nuclear membrane is returning)

a)

Mitosis

b)

Cytokinesis

c)

Prophase

d)

Telophase

31.
What phase is this cell in?
a)
Mitosis
b)
Interphase
c)
Prophase
d)
Telophase
32.
In what phase do the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell?
a)
Cytokinesis
b)
Metaphase
c)
Prophase
d)
Telophase
33.
In what phase does chromatin condense to form chromosomes?
a)
Mitosis
b)
Interphase
c)
Prophase
d)
Anaphase
34.

In What phase do the chromosomes get pulled apart to opposite sides of the cell?

a)
Prophase
b)
Interphase
c)
Metaphase
d)
Anaphase
35.

In what phase does the nuclear envelope reappear, and the cell prepares for cytokinesis?

a)
Prophase
b)
Interphase
c)
Mitosis
d)
Telophase
36.
What is the longest stage of the cell cycle called?
a)
Cytokinesis
b)
M phase
c)
Interphase
d)
G1 Phase
37.
During what stage does the G1, S and G2 phases happen?
a)
Interphase
b)
M phase
c)
Mitosis
d)
Cytokinesis
38.
During what phase of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?
a)
G1 phase
b)
S phase
c)
G2 phase
d)
M phase
39.

During what phase of the cell cycle does the cell grow, organelles duplicate, and regular cell activities occur?

a)
G1 phase
b)
S phase
c)
M phase
d)
Cytokinesis
40.

During what phase of the cell cycle does the cell make sure DNA duplications were copied correctly and prepare for mitosis?

a)

G1 phase

b)

S phase

c)

G2 phase

d)

M phase

41.

Put the following stages of mitosis in order: Anaphase, Prophase, Metaphase, and Telophase.

a)

Prophase, Metaphase, Telophase, Anaphase

b)

Prophase, Anaphase, Metaphase, Telophase

c)

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

d)

Prophase, Telophase, Metaphase, Anaphase

42.

Chromosomes are visible and spindle fibers start to appear during what phase?

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Telophase

d)

Anaphase

43.

What is loose strands of DNA called?

a)

Centromere

b)

Chromatid

c)

Chromosome

d)

Chromatin

44.

Identical halves of a chromosome are called?

a)

Cousins

b)

Chromatids

c)

Centromere

d)

Centrosome

45.

Sister Chromatids separate from each other during which phase?

a)

Prophase

b)

Telophase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Metaphase

46.

After mitosis the number of chromosomes in the newly created cells will be?

a)

Half the number of the original cell

b)

The same number as the original cell

c)

Twice as much as the original cell

47.

Uncontrolled growth can result in:

a)

G0 phase

b)

S phase

c)

Replication

d)

Cancer

48.

What happens when tumor suppressing genes are damaged or mutated?

a)

Uncontrolled cell growth that results in tumors.

b)

Nothing, the cell continues with its normal processes.

c)

It makes the cell division slow down or stop.

d)

Cell growth that results in shrinking cells.

49.

During which phase does DNA make a copy of itself?

a)

G1

b)

S

c)

G2

d)

M

50.

Label the parts of the Cell Cycle

a)

G1

b)

S phase

c)

G2

d)

Mitosis

1
2
3
4
1)
2)
3)
4)

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