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Beaks of Finches State Lab

Total questions: 72

Worksheet time: 24mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What was the name of the scientist who had the theory of evolution?
a)
Lamarck
b)
Einstein
c)
Washington
d)
Darwin
2.

A student completed two trials of the Beaks of Finches lab, each time picking up eleven seeds, as shown in this picture. If the student needs to collect an average of thirteen seeds to survive, how many seeds must he pick up in round 3? Record your answer in the space provided in the table below.

a)

10

b)

12

c)

17

d)

13

3.
All rabbits living in a particular area would be an example of a(n)
a)
population
b)
species
c)
fossil
d)
individual organism
4.
"Survival of the Fittest" describes which theory
a)
a) natural selection
b)
b) gravity
c)
c) heredity
d)
d) string theory
5.
Modern whales developed their traits through natural selection.  What occurs during the process of natural selection?
a)
Organisms choose mates from other species to create new species
b)
Breeders selectively cross organisms with desired traits
c)
Only the fittest organisms can survive and reproduce
d)
Organisms remain exactly the same over time.
6.

A student using a clothespin “beak” during the Beaks of Finches lab obtained the results shown in this picture. Over the course of the four trials, an average of at least 13 seeds must be “eaten” in order to go to the next round. Will the student go on? Support your answer

a)

The student will go on because the average is 13.

b)

The average is 15 and the student will go on.

c)

The student will not go on because the average = 12.

7.
The example of the peppered (brown) moths living near English industrial cities demonstrates that
a)
A change in an environment can result in the evolution of species living there
b)
Evolution occurs so slowly that is it not possible to determine that it has happened in less than a million years
c)
The environment near these cities has always favored dark colored moths
8.
Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?
a)
Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
b)
Because they come from dominant alleles.
c)
Because they come from recessive alleles.
d)
Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.
9.
The difference in the physical traits of an individual from those of other individuals in a group is called a(n)
a)
change
b)
adaption
c)
species
d)
variation
10.
The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce is known as...
a)
Adaptation
b)
Trait
c)
Fitness
d)
Variation
11.
Any variation that can help a species survive in a given environment is called...
a)
an adapatation
b)
a characteristic
c)
a homologous structure
d)
a vestigial structure
12.
When every organism of a species has died.
a)
Evolution
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Extinction
d)
Artificial Selection
13.
Which organisms are most likely to survive?
a)
the best adapted
b)
the fastest
c)
the strongest
d)
the most domesticated (tamed)
14.
Which of the following means "genetic change over time"
a)
natural selection
b)
speciation
c)
evolution
d)
fitness
15.
Only populations can evolve.
Individuals can not evolve.
a)
True
b)
False
16.
If finches with large beaks and finches with small beaks increase in a population while finches with average sized beaks decreases, which pattern of natural selection has occurred?
a)
Directional selection
b)
Disruptive selection 
c)
Stabilizing selection
17.
These moths are all the same species. The differences between their wings is an example of ________________
a)
Natural Selection
b)
Variation
c)
Homeostasis
d)
Extinction
18.
The long and sharp beak of a woodpecker is an example of:
a)
Natural Selection
b)
Selective Breeding
19.
According to the theory of natural selection, why are some individuals more likely than others to survive and reproduce? 
a)
Some individuals pass on to their offspring new characteristics they have acquired during their lifetimes. 
b)
Some individuals are better adapted to exist in their environment than others are. 
c)
Some individuals do not pass on to their offspring new characteristics they have acquired during their lifetimes. 
d)
Some individuals tend to produce fewer offspring than others in the same environment. 
20.
Base your answer(s) to question(s) on the diagram below and on your knowledge of biology. The diagram shows the heads of four different species of Galapagos Islands finches. 
 The four different types of beaks shown are most likely the result of 
a)
gene manipulation 
b)
natural selection 
c)
unchanging environmental conditions 
d)
patterns of behavior learned from parents 
21.
Which characteristic is necessary for natural selection to occur in a species? 
a)
stability 
b)
variation 
c)
complex cellular organization 
d)
a very low mutation rate 
22.
 Which two processes result in variations that commonly influence the evolution of sexually reproducing species? 
a)
mutation and genetic recombination 
b)
mitosis and natural selection 
c)
extinction and gene replacement 
d)
environmental selection and selective breeding 
23.
In members of a bird species living on a remote island, the greatest number of beak variations in the population would most likely be found when 
a)
there is a high level of competition for limited resources 
b)
homeostasis is limited by a severe climate 
c)
they have a large and varied food supply 
d)
they are prey for a large number of predators 
24.
The different tools used during the beaks of finches lab represented 
a)
feeding adaptations in finches 
b)
nest construction adaptations 
c)
variations in seed size 
d)
variations in ecosystems 
25.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) 8. on the diagram below and on your knowledge of
biology.
 Several of the Galapagos Islands are inhabited by grasshoppers, beetles, flies, bees, and butterflies. Finches that feed on these consumers would have beaks adapted for 
a)
probing, only 
b)
probing or grasping 
c)
crushing or probing 
d)
parrotlike feeding or grasping 
26.
Which process produced the two different types of beaks in the ground finch and the tree finch?
a)
artificial selection
b)
geographical distribution
c)
natural selection
d)
disuse of the beak
27.
Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?
a)
Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
b)
Because they come from dominant alleles.
c)
Because they come from recessive alleles.
d)
Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.
28.
Mutations are a change in what?
a)
DNA
b)
tRNA
c)
genotype
d)
phenotype
29.
All of these finches have different shaped beaks, they are an adaptation to gain access of 
a)
Water
b)
Food
c)
Shelter
30.
How did different beak sizes first arise?
a)
They arose because of their need to be able to eat different food.
b)
The arose by chance (random mutation).
c)
The environment made the change happen.
d)
The finches beaks changed a little at a time each generation.
31.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the diagram below and on your knowledge of biology.
 Which two finches would compete the least for food? 
a)
small ground finch and large ground finch 
b)
large ground finch and sharp-billed ground finch 
c)
small tree finch and medium ground finch 
d)
vegetarian finch and small ground finch 
32.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the diagram below and your knowledge of biology.  Which species of finch has an edge-crushing bill that can also probe into plants for food? 
a)
cactus finch 
b)
sharp-billed ground finch 
c)
warbler finch 
d)
large ground finch 
33.
Base your answer to the following question on the finch diversity diagram below and on your knowledge of biology.  Warbler finches are classified as 
a)
producers 
b)
herbivores 
c)
carnivores 
d)
decomposers 
34.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the information below and on your knowledge of biology. The diagram below represents the relationship between beak structure and food in several species of finches in the Galapagos Islands. 
 Which factor most directly influenced the evolution of the diverse types of beaks of these finches? 
a)
predation by humans 
b)
available food sources 
c)
oceanic storms 
d)
lack of available niches 
35.

Red onion cells undergo the change represented in the diagram below. This change is most likely caused by the cell being transferred from

a)

distilled water to starch indicator

b)

distilled water to salt water

c)

salt water to tap water

d)

salt water to distilled water

36.

Cell membranes are said to be selectively permeable. Which statement best explains what selectively permeable means?

a)

The cell membrane prevents any harmful substance from entering the cell.

b)

The cell membrane lets certain substances enter the cell and keeps certain substances out of the cell.

c)

The cell membrane allows only large molecules to diffuse into the cell.

d)

The cell membrane has pores that let only water and glucose into the cell and carbon dioxide out.

37.

Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of _____ concentration to an ______ concentration

a)

High, low

b)

Low, high

c)

Low, low,

d)

High, high

38.

Which is true about active transport?

a)

It requires energy

b)

it does not require energy

c)

It moves substances down the concentration gradient

d)

it moves material from high to low concentration

39.

The top figure shows the beak depths of the 1976 finch population (red bars) before the drought, and the population after the drought (black bars). The lower figure shows the beak depths of the offspring of the drought survivors in 1978. What do these figures tell us?

a)

The average beak depth of the 1978 offspring population is larger than that of the original 1976 population.

b)

The finches that survived the drought (black bars in first graph) had offspring (red bars in second graph) with on average much larger beaks than their parents.

c)

The offspring (red bars in second graph) had a smaller range of beak depths - from smallest to largest - than their parents (black bars).

d)

The size of the offspring population in 1978 is much larger than the initial 1976 population, before the drought.

40.

The Grants witnessed strong selection during the droughts in 1977 and 1985. Compare the two droughts. Select all that apply.

a)

In both droughts, larger-beaked medium ground finches had the highest survival rates.

b)

Both droughts resulted in strong natural selection on medium ground finch populations.

c)

Both droughts resulted in changes to available food, which favored survival of some medium ground finches over others.

41.

Which trait most suggests that the mammoth was adapted to live in a cold climate?

a)

its thick, furry coat

b)

its long, flexible trunk

c)

Its sharp, curved tusks

d)

Its broad, powerful body

42.

Why do birds have different beaks?

a)

they migrate different places

b)

the beaks help with hibernation

c)

they eat different things

d)

no one knows

43.

Which of the following is true about natural selection?

a)

Natural selection usually causes a species to change slowly.

b)

Natural selection does not cause a species to change

c)

Natural selection usually causes a species to change suddenly.

d)

Natural selection is the only cause of changes in a species

44.

The figure below shows two spotted salamanders. They are the same species of salamander, but they live in different areas. Which of these terms is used to describe the difference between them?

a)

extinction

b)

population

c)

overpopulation

d)

variation

45.

Which adaptation would be most beneficial in a jungle environment?

a)

Flippers

b)

Green coloring to blend in with leaves

c)

Sharp claws

46.

The goal of all organisms is to

a)

survive

b)

reproduce

c)

be the best

d)

help other species

47.

Which evidence of evolution is shown here?

a)

Vestigial organs

b)

Analogous structures

c)

Homologous structures

d)

Embryo development

48.

The similar bone structures show here suggests that these species

a)

have no common ancestors

b)

all fly

c)

share a common ancestor

d)

all swim

49.

The stomach of the finches in lab was represented by

a)

different tools

b)

petri dish

c)

tray

d)

seeds

50.

The island for the finches in lab was represented by

a)

different tools

b)

petri dish

c)

tray

d)

seeds

51.

The beaks for the finches in lab were represented by

a)

different tools

b)

petri dish

c)

tray

d)

seeds

52.

Explain how the Beaks of Finches laboratory activity demonstrated the concept of competition.

a)

there was no competition

b)

Competition for food occurred when the seeds became scarce, as in the second round

c)

Several students competed when they tried to get food/seeds out of a small dish.

d)

finches ate the seeds

53.

Which part of the Beaks of Finches lab activity was changed in order to simulate the different conditions on various islands?

a)

types of beaks

b)

size of beaks

c)

types of seeds present

d)

size of stomach container

54.

Over many years, one particular species of finch has been studied on one of the Galapagos Islands. A family tree representing many generations has been constructed. It includes every bird of that species. Some family groups (branches of the tree) produced offspring that survived and other family groups did not. Provide one possible reason why some family groups did not survive.

a)

Some groups lacked traits that would have made them better adapted

b)

Some had beaks that could not break open the kinds of seeds available.

Maybe some died due to a disease outbreak.

c)

types of seeds present

d)

size of stomach container

55.

The finches of the Galapagos Islands likely came from a few birds that were able to fly there from Ecuador about two to three million years ago. Once the finches reached the islands, some

a)

quickly changed to fit the new environment of the islands

b)

outcompeted all other bird species native to the islands

c)

survived based on the adaptations that they had to the new environment

d)

mated with other bird species on the islands, resulting in birds better adapted to the new environment

56.

Which two species of finch would be affected if a bird with a grasping beak that ate ants and beetles was introduced into their habitat?

a)

large ground finch and warbler

b)

woodpecker finch and small ground finch

c)

large tree finch and small tree finch

d)

cactus finch and medium ground finch

57.

Which finch eats all animal food and has a probing bill?

a)

Warbler Finch

b)

Small Ground Finch

c)

Small Tree Finch

d)

Vegetarian Finch

58.

Which finch eats mainly plant food and has a probing bill?

a)

Cactus Finch

b)

Small Ground Finch

c)

Large Tree Finch

d)

Sharp Billed Ground Finch

59.

Which finch has a grasping bill with biting tips?

a)

Medium Ground Finch

b)

Cactus Finch

c)

Woodpecker Finch

d)

Large Tree Finch

60.

Select the 2 finches that would most likely compete for the same food.

a)

Small Tree Finch

b)

Large Tree Finch

c)

Cactus Finch

d)

Medium Ground Finch

61.

The different beak variations found on different islands are the result of adaptations to what?

a)

Temperature

b)

Amount of Rainfall

c)

Different food sources

d)

Different nesting sites

62.

Which finch or finches eats mainly animal food and has a probing bill?

a)

Woodpecker finch

b)

Cactus Finch

c)

Sharp billed ground finch

d)

Medium Ground finch

63.

According to Darwin, all organisms are in constant competition for which of the following? Select all that apply

a)

Food

b)

Mates

c)

Mountain Dew

d)

Shelter

64.

How many finches eat mainly plant food and have crushing bills?

a)

1

b)

3

c)

2

d)

5

65.

How many finches eat mainly animal food and have grasping bills?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

66.

Genetic evidence supports which of the following explanations for the presence of 13 different finch species on the Galapagos Islands?

a)

Each of the 13 species was founded by the independent migration of a different species from the mainland to the islands.

b)

Many years ago, more than 13 different species of birds migrated to the islands. The current 13 finch species are the only species that survived.

c)

It's not clear based on the DNA evidence whether the 13 species arose from a single migration of one species or multiple migrations of several species from the mainland to the islands.

d)

Many years ago, a small population of a single finch species migrated to the islands and evolved into the current 13 species.

67.

The film defines species as populations whose members don't interbreed. What keeps different Galápagos finch species from mating? Select all that apply.

a)

Individuals only recognize and respond to songs of their own species.

b)

One population eats mostly small, soft seeds and the other population eats mostly large, hard seeds.

c)

Geographic isolation and different environments led to changes in traits that affected mating.

68.

According to this graph,

a)

Finches with larger beaks survived the drought of 1977.

b)

Finches with medium beak depth eat only seeds of medium size.

c)

Finches with smaller beak depth prefer smaller seeds.

d)

Finches with large beak depth eat only seeds of large size.

69.

Which statement is correct about the graph?

a)

The amount of seeds available increased from 1976 to 1977.

   

b)

The total seed biomass available for finches to eat decreased from January to July of 1976.

c)

The total seed biomass available for finches to eat increased from January to July of 1978.

d)

The total seed biomass available for finches to eat was the highest in January, 1976.

70.

Which of the following statements best summarizes this data?

a)

Average beak size stayed about the same except during wet years.

b)

Average beak size decreased during dry years and increased during wet years.

c)

Average beak size increased during the dry years and decreased during wet years.

d)

Average beak size changed randomly.

71.

Beak sizes of 200 ground finches in 1976 are shown in the graph. What is the most common beak depth in 1976?

a)

8.3 mm

b)

8.8 mm

c)

9.3 mm

d)

9.8 mm

72.

Using the above graph, what observation can you make?

a)

Birds like bigger seeds

b)

Finch's average beak size are larger during a drought year

c)

Finch's average beak size are larger during a rainy year

d)

More finch's have a medium size beak

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