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WorksheetsGeophysical Science CP Final Exam Review
Total questions: 70
Worksheet time: 35mins
A star is said to be born when __________.
a protostar reaches a temperature high enough for nuclear fusion to begin
a red giant collapses on itself and becomes a black hole
pressure within a protostar becomes so great that a supernova occurs
a dark, cool interstellar cloud begins to contract
Another name for the interstellar matter that will eventually form a star is ______.
Supernova
Red giant
Black hole
Nebula
The source of the sun’s energy is ______.
Nuclear fission
Nuclear fusion
Photosynthesis
None of the above
In the first step of nuclear fusion reaction __________ is converted _________.
Hydrogen, helium
Hydrogen, nitrogen
Helium, hydrogen
Nickel, iron
Gamma rays, X-rays, visible light, and radio waves are all types of ________.
Nuclear energy
Chromatic aberration
Ultraviolet radiation
Electromagnetic radiation
In which list are the forms of electromagnetic energy arranged in order from longest to shortest wavelengths?
Gamma rays, x rays, ultraviolet rays, visible light
Radio waves, infrared rays, visible light, ultraviolet rays
X rays, infrared rays, blue light, gamma rays
Infrared rays, radio waves, blue light, red light
Which color has the longest wavelength and therefore the lowest energy?
Red
Blue
Green
Orange
The wavelength of electromagnetic radiation with the greatest energy is ______.
Gamma rays
X-rays
Visible light
Microwaves
What information does a star’s spectrum offer about the star?
Size
Elements and chemical composition
Age
None of the above
Which of the following refers to the apparent change in wavelength that occurs when an object moves toward or away from a source?
Doppler effect
Chromatic aberration
Spectroscopy
Wave theory of light
As a sound source approaches an observer _____________.
Pitch becomes higher
Pitch becomes lower
Pitch stays the same
Pitch disappears
As a light source approaches an observer _______________.
Light stays the same color
Light disappears
Light becomes bluer
Light becomes redder
What layer of the sun is represented by #4?
Core
Chromosphere
Convection zone
Photosphere
What layer of the sun is represented by #2?
Core
Radiation zone
Convection zone
Photosphere
What layer of the sun is represented by #1?
Core
Chromosphere
Convection zone
Photosphere
What layer of the sun is represented by #3?
Core
Radiation zone
Convection zone
Photosphere
What is the number of years in an average sunspot cycle?
6
14
11
25
During the Maunder Minimum, temperatures on Earth ________ as a result of sunspot activity.
Increased
Decreased
Stayed the same
None of the above
The sun spends the greatest amount of time in its life cycle _______.
As a nebula
As a main sequence star
Moving away from the main sequence and becoming a giant star
Changing from a giant star to a white dwarf star
The Sun’s color as a main-sequence star is _____.
Red
Blue
Yellow
White
The sun currently is a _______.
Black hole
Black dwarf
Main-sequence star
Red giant
Massive stars can end in a brilliant explosion called a ________.
Red giant
Protostar
Neutron star
Supernova
The death of all stars is due to ________.
Turning into black dwarfs
Exploding
Running out of fuel and collapsing
Becoming black holes
What is the next stage in the sun’s life cycle?
White dwarf
Red giant
Planetary nebula
Black dwarf
What is the final stage in the sun’s life cycle?
White dwarf
Red giant
Planetary nebula
Black dwarf
Light cannot escape the intense gravitational pull of a _______.
Black hole
White dwarf
Main-sequence star
Red giant
A major piece of evidence supporting the Big Bang Theory is the fact that wavelengths of light from galaxies that are moving away from the Earth are ________.
Shorter than normal (a red shift)
Shorter than normal (a blue shift)
Longer than normal (a red shift)
Longer than normal (a blue shift)
Which of the following supports the Big Bang Theory?
Pulsars
Cosmic background radiation
Galactic clusters
Irregular galaxies
According to Hubble’s Law, galaxies are retreating at a speed that is proportional to their ________.
Orientation
Distance
Galactic position
Mass
Based on the observed red shifts in the spectral lines of distant galaxies, astronomers conclude that _______.
Earth is in the center of the universe
The universe is contracting
The universe is expanding
The universe is smaller than once believed
Which of the following is true about parallax?
It is used to measure distances to stars.
The parallax angles of distant stars are too small to measure.
The nearest stars have the smallest parallax angles
It is used to measure distances to stars and the parallax angles of distant stars are too small to measure.
The true shape of a planet’s orbit is _________.
Circular
Rectangular
Unpredictable
Elliptical
In the picture above as the planet moves from A to C, the speed of the planet will
Decrease
Increase
Stay the same
Unable to be predicted
Based on the figure, what type of rock should occur in the part of the rock cycle labeled B?
Igneous
Metamorphic
Lava
Sedimentary
Based on the figure, what process or processes would be occurring in the part of the rock cycle labeled E?
Cooling
Melting
Compaction and sedimentation
Weather and erosion
Based on the figure, what type of rock should occur in the part of the rock cycle labeled F?
Igneous
Metamorphic
Lava
Sedimentary
Based on the above figure, the oldest rock is _______.
K
O
H
A
Based on the above figure, the oldest rock in this sequence is determined by
Cross cutting relationships
Superposition
Index fossils
Zone of contact metamorphism
Based on the above figure, “F” is younger than ______ and older than _______.
J,M
O,I
O,J
Both J,M and O,I would work
Based on the above figure, the age of “F” is determined by __________.
Cross cutting relationships
Superposition
Index fossils
Zone of contact metamorphism
Based on the above figure, “I” is younger than ______ and older than _______
E,C
J,M
F,H
N,G
The task of using fossils to match up rocks of similar ages in different areas is called ________.
Succession
Correlation
Geology
Fossilization
The technique used to obtain the age of an object such as a rock or mineral is referred to as ________.
Radiometric dating
Relative dating
Numerical dating
Temporary dating
Radiometric dating is possible because the rates of decay of radioactive isotopes __________.
Change over time
Change from place to place
Are constant
Vary widely
Which layers would be similar in age?
Ammonite and trilobite
Trilobite and fern
Trilobite and fish
Ammonite and fish
What layer contains the exact same fossils for all 4 cores?
Core A Layer 5, Core B Layer 3, Core C Layer 2, Core D Layer 4
Core A Layer 4, Core B Layer 3, Core C Layer 4, Core D Layer 1
Core A Layer 3, Core B Layer 5, Core C Layer 2, Core D Layer 4
Core A Layer 2, Core B Layer 5, Core C Layer 3, Core D Layer 3
An earthquake’s epicenter is ________.
The place on the surface directly above the focus
A spot halfway between the focus and the surface
The spot below the focus
Any spot along the nearest fault
When an earthquake occurs, energy radiates in all directions from its source, which is called the _____.
Epicenter
Focus
Fault
Seismic center
Major earthquakes are sometimes followed by smaller earthquakes called _____.
Aftershocks
Focus shocks
Surface waves
Foreshocks
Which seismic waves travel the fastest?
P waves
S waves
Surface waves
All travel at the same speed
Which seismic waves travel the slowest?
P waves
S waves
Surface waves
All travel at the same speed
What layer of Earth is labeled A in the given picture?
The continental crust
The lithosphere
The oceanic crust
The mantle
What layer of Earth is labeled B in the given picture?
The continental crust
The lithosphere
The oceanic crust
The mantle
What layer of Earth is labeled C in the given picture?
The continental crust
The lithosphere
The oceanic crust
The mantle
Wegener’s continental drift hypothesis stated that all the continents once joined together to form ______.
Two major supercontinents
Two major supercontinents and three smaller continents
One major supercontinent
Three major supercontinents
The supercontinent in the continental drift hypothesis was called
Panthalassa
Pangaea
Mesosaurus
Africa
One kind of evidence that supports Wegener’s hypothesis is that _______.
The same magnetic directions exist on different continents
Major rivers on different continents match
Land bridges still exist that connect major continents
Fossils of the same organism have been found on different continents
Glacial evidence from ancient climates indicates that ________.
Continents in the Southern Hemisphere today were once centered over the South Pole
Continents in the Northern Hemisphere today were once centered over the South Pole
Continents in the Southern Hemisphere today were once centered over the North Pole
No continents occupied the Southern Hemisphere
The geographic distribution of the swimming reptile Mesosaurus provides evidence that _____.
Europe was covered by a shallow sea when Mesosaurus lived
A land bridge existed between Australia and India
South America and Africa were once joined
The Atlantic Ocean was wider when Mesosaurus lived than it is now
Which of the following was NOT used in support of the continental drift hypothesis?
Fossil evidence
Magnetic stripes
Glacial evidence
Fit of South America and Africa
What was the main reason Wegener’s continental drift hypothesis was rejected?
He was not well liked by other scientists.
He could not explain how the continents moved
He used the wrong dinosaurs to explain his hypothesis
His evidence was incorrect.
Which of the following was NOT used in support of the seafloor spreading hypothesis?
Age of ocean rocks
Earthquake patterns
Glacial evidence
Magnetic stripes
According to the theory of plate tectonics, ________.
The asthenosphere is divided into plates
The lithosphere is divided into plates
The asthenosphere is above the lithosphere
The asthenosphere is part of the atmosphere
Which of the following statements correctly describes the asthenosphere?
It is entirely liquid
It is composed mostly of nitrogen and oxygen
It allows plates to move
It is a thin, cold, rigid layer
What kind of plate boundary occurs where two plates grind past each other without destroying or producing lithosphere?
Divergent boundary
Convergent boundary
Transitional boundary
Transform fault boundary
What type of plate boundary is in the picture below?
Divergent boundary
Convergent boundary
Transitional boundary
Transform fault boundary
New ocean crust is formed at a ________.
Divergent boundary
Convergent boundary
Transitional boundary
Transform fault boundary
The Hawaiian Islands are the result of the Pacific Plate moving over
A subduction zone
An ocean ridge
The Aleutian Plate
A hot spot
The cause of tectonic plate motion is ________.
Convection currents in the oceanic crust
Convection currents in the mantle
Hot spots
Heat from the sun
The heat responsible for processes on Earth such as erosion and plate tectonics comes from _________.
Earthquakes
Earth’s interior
The sun
Earth's interior and the sun
