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Genetics Quiz

Total questions: 78

Worksheet time: 1hrs 20mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is a gene?

a)

A type of allele

b)

A section of a chromosome that contains the genetic code for a particular protein

c)

A type of phenotype

d)

A section of DNA that codes for a specific trait

2.

What is an allele?

a)

A section of DNA that codes for a specific trait

b)

A type of gene

c)

A section of a chromosome that contains the genetic code for a particular protein

d)

A type of phenotype

3.

What is the relationship between genotype and phenotype?

a)

Genotype and phenotype are unrelated

b)

Genotype and phenotype are the same thing

c)

Genotype refers to the physical traits that are expressed, while phenotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism

d)

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, while phenotype refers to the physical traits that are expressed

4.

How can genotype and phenotype ratios in offspring for simple traits be predicted?

a)

Using Punnett squares

b)

By observing the parents' phenotypes

c)

By analyzing the parents' DNA

d)

By counting the number of alleles in the parents' genotypes

5.

How are sex-linked traits inherited?

a)

Through genes on the sex chromosomes

b)

Through genes on the autosomes

c)

Through environmental factors

d)

Through a combination of genes on the sex chromosomes and autosomes

6.

What is a homozygote?

a)

A plant with only dominant alleles

b)

A plant with two different alleles

c)

A plant with no alleles

d)

A plant with two alleles of the same type

7.

What is a heterozygote?

a)

A plant with only dominant alleles

b)

A plant with two alleles of the same type

c)

A plant with two different alleles

d)

A plant with no alleles

8.

What is the term used to describe the expression of an organism's genotype?

a)

Allele

b)

Genotype

c)

Locus

d)

Phenotype

9.

What is the term used to describe alleles that are not completely dominant?

a)

Incomplete dominance

b)

Codominance

c)

Polygenic traits

d)

Sex-linked traits

10.

What are polygenic traits?

a)

Traits controlled by genes on the autosomes

b)

Traits influenced by environmental factors

c)

Traits controlled by genes on the sex chromosomes

d)

Traits controlled by more than one gene

11.

What is the term used to describe the physical location of a gene on a chromosome?

a)

Allele

b)

Genotype

c)

Locus

d)

Phenotype

12.

What is the term used to describe when one allele is not completely dominant over the other, resulting in a combined phenotype?

a)

Incomplete dominance

b)

Codominance

c)

Polygenic traits

d)

Sex-linked traits

13.

What is the term used to describe traits that are controlled by genes located on the X or Y chromosome?

a)

Traits controlled by genes on the autosomes

b)

Traits influenced by environmental factors

c)

Sex-linked traits

d)

Traits controlled by more than one gene

14.

What is the term used to describe the situation when both alleles contribute to the phenotype?

a)

Incomplete dominance

b)

Codominance

c)

Polygenic traits

d)

Sex-linked traits

15.

What is the term used to describe traits that are controlled by multiple genes?

a)

Monogenic traits

b)

Polygenic traits

c)

Sex-linked traits

d)

Autosomal traits

16.

What is the term used to describe the genetic makeup of an organism?

a)

Phenotype

b)

Genotype

c)

Allele

d)

Locus

17.

What is the term used to describe the situation when an allele's presence completely masks the effect of the other allele?

a)

Complete dominance

b)

Incomplete dominance

c)

Codominance

d)

Polygenic traits

18.

What is the term used to describe traits that are determined by genes located on the autosomes?

a)

Sex-linked traits

b)

Autosomal traits

c)

Polygenic traits

d)

Monogenic traits

19.

What is the term used to describe the situation when a single gene has multiple effects on an organism's phenotype?

a)

Pleiotropy

b)

Epistasis

c)

Genotype

d)

Phenotype

20.

What phase is shown here? Hint: you are starting to see the nuclear membrane again!

a)

Metaphase II

b)

Telophase I

c)

Telophase II

d)

Metaphase I

21.

What phase is this?


Hint: membrane is disappearing

a)

Interphase II

b)

Prophase I

c)

Metaphase I

d)

Anaphase II

22.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Prophase II
b)
Metaphase I
c)
Metaphase II
d)
Anaphase I
23.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Anaphase II
b)
Metaphase I
c)
Anaphase I
d)
Telophase II
24.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Telophase II
b)
Anaphase II
c)
Metaphase I
d)
Interphase I
25.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Anaphase I
b)
Prophase I
c)
Metaphase II
d)
 Metaphase I
26.
What phases is shown here?
a)
Prophase II
b)
Prophase I
c)
Anaphase II
d)
Interphase I
27.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Telophase I
b)
Metaphase II
c)
Telophase II
d)
Anaphase I
28.
What process is shown here?
a)
Genetic Randomization
b)
Cross Over
c)
Allele Switching
d)
Cross Pollination
29.
When does the process shown here happen?
a)
Prophase I
b)
Anaphase II
c)
Interphase II
d)
Telophase I
30.

CROSSING OVER INCREASES

a)

LIFE SPAN

b)

GENETIC VARIATION

c)

THE NUMBER OF OFF-SPRING

d)

ALL ARE TRUE

31.
What phase is represented?
a)
metaphase 1
b)
metaphase 2
c)
anaphase 1
d)
anaphase 2
32.
The correct order of the phases of mitosis and meiosis could be abbreviated as:
a)
MAPT
b)
PAMT
c)
TPAM
d)
PMAT
33.
The nuclear membrane dissolves during
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
34.

Match the following

a)

The genetic makeup of an organism

1.

Genotype

b)

The physical expression of genetic makeup

2.

Phenotype

c)

The trait that always gets expressed if the allele is present

3.

Dominant

d)

The trait that only gets expressed if it is the ONLY allele

4.

Recessive

35.

Match the following

a)

A short piece of DNA with instructions for building a specific protein

1.

Gene

b)

An alternative form of a gene

2.

Allele

c)

The "copy" of DNA that can leave the nucleus.

3.

RNA

d)

Occurrence where the dominant allele does not completely express itself.

4.

Incomplete Dominance

e)

Codominance

5.

When a heterozygote shows both traits expressed by the alleles.

36.

Who was the monk who first experimented with genetics of plants?

a)

Isaac Newton

b)

Gregor Mendel

c)

Albert Einstein

d)

Tracy Stallings

37.

Two of the SAME alleles is called...

a)

Homozygous

b)

Heterozygous

c)

Dominant

d)

Recessive

38.

Two DIFFERENT alleles is called...

a)

Homozygous

b)

Heterozygous

c)

Dominant

d)

Recessive

39.

A red rose plant and a white rose plant cross polinate. The resulting plant has pink flowers. This is an example of...

a)

Dominant Traits

b)

Recessive Traits

c)

Codominance

d)

Incomplete Dominance

40.

When a red and white snapdragon are crossed, resulting in pink offspring

a)

incomplete dominance

b)

codominance

c)

multiple alleles

d)

dosage compensation

41.

What's shown in human blood types? Check all that apply

a)

incomplete dominance

b)

codominance

c)

multiple alleles

d)

dosage compensation

42.

What's shown in sickle cell disease?

a)

incomplete dominance

b)

codominance

c)

multiple alleles

d)

dosage compensation

43.

What's shown in the coat color of rabbits?

a)

incomplete dominance

b)

codominance

c)

multiple alleles

d)

dosage compensation

44.

What's shown in the coat color of labrador retrievers, which involves two genes?

a)

polygenic inheritance

b)

epistasis

c)

multiple alleles

d)

dosage compensation

45.

Dihybrid crosses involve 2 _______________ traits.

a)

linked

b)

similar

c)

unlinked

d)

of the same

46.

IAi is the genotype for what blood type?

a)

homozygous type A

b)

heterozygous type A

c)

homozygous type O

d)

heterozygous type O

47.

What pattern of inheritance occurs between blood types A and B?

a)

incomplete dominance

b)

complete dominance

c)

recessive

d)

codominance

48.

If two unaffected parents give rise to an affected offspring, then what type of trait is being tracked?

a)

recessive

b)

dominant

c)

homozygous

d)

heterozygous

49.

Based on the Punnett square, what percentage of the offspring will be yellow?

a)

25%

b)

50%

c)

75%

d)

100%

50.

Use the Punnett square below to answer the question below.

​Possible offspring of two people who are heterozygous for earlobe attachment are shown. What is the probability of having a child who has attached earlobes?

a)

25%

b)

50%

c)

75%

d)

100%

51.

Which of the following is an example of Codominance in genetic traits?

a)

A tall pea plant and a short pea plant produce tall pea plants

b)

An orange cat and a black cat produce an orange-and-black kitten

c)

A blue-eyed man and a brown-eyed woman produce a blue-eyed child

d)

A color-blind woman and a man with normal vision produce a color-blind son

52.

Using Incomplete Dominance: Four O'Clock Flowers can be red (RR) and white (WW).  If they are RW, they will display pink.  Cross a red flower plant with a pink flower plant.  What is the probability of  getting a red flower offspring?

a)

25%

b)

50%

c)

75%

d)

100%

53.

In a monohybrid cross of incomplete dominance, what is the phenotypic ratio?

a)

1:2:1

b)

3:1

c)

9:3:3:1

d)

12:4

54.

In a dihybrid cross of complete dominance, what is the phenotypic ratio?

a)

1:2:1

b)

3:1

c)

9:3:3:1

d)

12:4

55.

In a cross between a white, terminal (recessive) and red, axial (dominant), what is the probability of a red, axial offspring?

a)

1/16

b)

3/16

c)

9/16

d)

16/16

56.

In a cross between an individual with A blood and an individual with B blood, what is the probability of an offspring with O blood?

a)

0/4

b)

1/4

c)

1/2

d)

3/4

e)

4/4

57.

In a cross between two roan cows, what is the probability of a white cow?

a)

0/4

b)

1/4

c)

1/2

d)

3/4

e)

4/4

58.

Identify which of the following descriptions about dominance are correct

a)

Incomplete dominance involves the homozygous dominant and heterozygous looking the same.

b)

Incomplete dominance involves the heterozygous offspring resulting in an intermediate between the two dominant traits.

c)

Codominance involves the heterozygous offspring resulting in an intermediate between the two dominant traits

d)

Codominance involves the homozygous dominant and heterozygous looking the same.

59.

changes in DNA are called

a)

Ninja Turtles

b)

oopsies

c)

mutations

60.

Is this individual male or female?

a)

Male

b)

Female

61.

Pairs of similar chromosomes are called...

a)

homologous chromosomes

b)

sister chromatids

62.

When a cell divides, DNA strands coil around proteins to form ...

a)

chromatin

b)

chromosomes

63.

What is an organized picture of all of an organism’s homologous chromosome pairs lined up with each other?

a)

Pedigree

b)

Karyotype

64.

In a duplicated chromosome, sister chromatids are attached by what structure?

a)

centromere

b)

centriole

c)

chromatin

65.

How many pairs of autosomes do human cells contain?

a)

22

b)

1

c)

46

66.

Which phase of the cell cycle is when scientists take a picture to construct a karyotype?

a)

Interphase

b)

Prophase

c)

Metaphase

d)

Anaphase

67.

The karyotype diagram below represents a human female with the genetic disorder known as Turner syndrome. Chromosomal analysis of this karyotype reveals the mutation is a result of

a)

a missing X chromosome

b)

a missing Y chromosome

c)

an extra 21 chromosome

d)

missing chromosome #9

68.

The karyotype diagram below represents a human male. Chromosomal analysis of this karyotype reveals the abnormality in this karyotype is:

a)

a missing X chromosome

b)

a missing Y chromosome

c)

an extra 21 chromosome

d)

missing chromosome #9

69.

The trait this pedigree traces is recessive because it skips a generation and individuals can be carriers. What is the most likely genotype for person III-3?

a)

GG

b)

Gg

c)

gg

70.
If this pedigree shows an autosomal recessive disorder, what MUST the genotype of individual II-3 be?
a)
HH
b)
Hh
c)
hh
d)
None of the above
71.
There are no carriers for Huntington's Disease- you either have it or you don't. Is Huntington's disease caused by a dominant or recessive trait?
a)
Dominant
b)
Recessive
72.

Objective #13

This is a pedigree that follows blue eyes which is a recessive trait. What is the genotype of the father (square) in generation 1?

a)

Aa

b)

AA

c)

aa

d)

A?

73.

Individuals that are shaded in have premature hair whitening. Is this trait dominant or recessive? How do you know?

a)

Dominant because it skips generations

b)

Dominant because it is present in every generation

c)

Recessive because it skips generations

d)

Recessive because it is present in every generation.

74.

Objective #13

This is a pedigree that follows blue eyes which is a recessive trait. What is the phenotype of the mother (circle) in generation 1?

a)

Brown

b)

Blue

c)

1 blue, 1 brown

75.

Objective #13

This is a pedigree that follows blue eyes which is a recessive trait. What is the phenotype of the father (square) in generation 1?

a)

Brown

b)

Blue

c)

1 blue, 1 brown

76.

In this X-Linked Recessive Trait Pedigree, what is the genotype of individual #5?

a)

XHY

b)

XhY

c)

XhXh

d)

XHXh

77.

In this Pedigree that traces the inheritance of an autosomal dominant trait, what is the genotype of individual #4?

a)

Rr

b)

RR

c)

rr

d)

XRXR

78.

Is this Pedigree Autosomal Dominant or Autosomal Recessive?

a)

Autosomal Dominant

b)

Autosomal Recesive

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