an expression of our thoughts, emotions, intuitions, and desires, but it is
even more personal than that: it’s about sharing the way we experience the world, which for many is an extension
of personality.

are the ones we can recognize and name: squares, triangles, circles, hexagons, etc.

defined as an enclosed area in two dimensions. By definition _ are always flat, but the
combination of shapes, color, and other means can make shapes appear three-dimensional, as forms.

Can be further categorized into geometric and organic.

are a combination of diagonal lines that connect at points. They take on the dynamic and high energy characteristics of diagonal lines. They create excitement and intense movement.

are softer than straight lines. They sweep and turn gracefully between end points. They are less definite and predictable than straight lines. They bend, they change direction.

are unbalanced. They are filled with restless and uncontrolled energy. They can appear to be either rising or falling and convey action and motion.

perpendicular to the horizon. They are filled with potential energy that could be released if they were to fall over. Vertical lines are strong and rigid. They can suggest stability, especially when thicker.

The space taken up by (positive) or in between (negative) objects

Visual tools used to create an art

refers to the purity and intensity of a color.

The visual path that enables the eye to move within the piece.
A mark that spans a distance between two points, taking any form along the way.

refers to the relative lightness or darkness of one color next to
another. The _ of a color can makes a difference in how it is perceived.

are fragile. They appear easy to break or knock over. They suggest frailty and convey an
elegant quality. They are delicate and give off an ephemeral air.

refers to color itself, but also to the variations of a color.

Surface qualities of an object. 2 types – optical(visual) and tactile(physical) Rough, smooth, bumpy, coarse etc.

is when both sides of an artwork, if split down the middle, appear to be
the same.

is the balance that does not weigh equally on both sides.

appear difficult to break. They suggest strength and give emphasis to
nearby elements. Thick lines are bold and make a statement.

the most complex artistic element because of the combinations and variations inherent in its
use. Humans respond to color combinations differently, and artists study and use color in part to give desired direction to their work.

is equal in length from the middle. An example is the sun.

are those that are based on
organic or living things or are more free form: the shape of a tree, face, monkey, cloud, etc.

whole & to each other
All parts should be in pleasing proportion to each other
• Proportion is a measurement of the size and quantity of elements within a composition. In ancient arts,
proportions of forms were enlarged to show importance.

Pattern as a principle of design may be defined as regular arrangement of repeated same elements i.e. line,
shape, colors over and over again. Pattern usually increases the visual excitement by supplementing surface
interest.

can be thought of in two ways – the first refers to how an artist depicts movement using the
elements and principles of art. The second way refers to the visual flow of an artwork, indicated by the path a
viewer’s eyes take as they look at the artwork.

is perspective created by shading & recognized thru Perspective as one of the dynamics in art.

refers to the area of an artwork that dominates attention or draws interest. It is
often the place a viewer looks first. Artists create emphasis by contrasting the elements of art, such as color or shape.

refers to the arrangement of opposite elements and effects. For example, light and
dark colors, smooth and rough textures, large and small shapes. can be used to create variety, visual interest, and drama in an artwork.

Flowing rhythm – A flowing rhythm shows the repeated elements following bends, curves, and undulations.

You can repeat more than one element in a design. In an alternating design, you use a 1-2-1-2-1-2 pattern.

Like the beating of a heart, the regular rhythm follows the same intervals over and over again.

Repeating elements with no specific regular interval creates random rhythms.

simply repeating a single element many times in a design. For example, you could draw a line horizontally and then draw several others next to it.

created when one or more elements of design are used repeatedly to create a feeling of organized movement or we can say it requires the repetition of a variety of design elements in a specific order.

arranging elements so that no one part of a work overpowers, or seems heavier than any
other part.
• Distribution of apparent visual weights.

Moonlight is essentially single-source light – for example, a clear sky with a bright moon illuminating a wide, unobstructed space.

a process used in drawing for depicting levels of darkness on paper by applying media more densely or with a darker shade for darker areas, and less densely or with a lighter shade for lighter areas.

occurs on overcast days, beneath cloudy skies, and tends to be cool, cheerless, and dreary, rather than bright, warm, and sunny.

The second type of light and shade is a combination of two light sources: strong, direct light from one source; and a secondary, lesser light from some opposite source, away from the strong, primary light source.

The simplest kind of light comes from a single source, such as the bright light of the sun, in the late morning, at midday, or in early afternoon.

more commonly known as contrast is the degree of difference between the light
and dark areas.

stands midway between freehand or pictorial drawing and instrumental or
mechanical drawing.

travels in a straight line and depending on the location of the light, the object or subject can look dramatically different.

also known as harmony, is a design principle that refers to the cohesiveness of an artwork—how whole,
consistent, and complete it appears.

sometimes used to describe a shape that has an implied third dimension. make parts of a flat image appear three-dimensional.

when awareness is drawn in a one single place

Use to create effects in the drawing

also called genre scenes or genre views, are pictorial representations in any of various
media that represent scenes or events from everyday life, such as markets, domestic settings, interiors,
parties, inn scenes, and street scenes

We can make a progressive rhythm simply by changing one characteristic of a motif as we
repeat it.

PORTRAIT DRAWING/PAINTING
Portrait painting is a subject in art, where the intent is to depict the visual appearance of the subject.

the art of drawing lies in suggestion, stimulating the imagination of the beholder to supply whatever is
lacking in the representation.

also known as continuous-line drawing, the French word contour means, “outline.”
The purpose of contour drawing is to emphasize the mass and volume of the subject rather than the
detail; the focus is on the outlined shape of the subject and not the minor details

an artistic technique used to create tonal or shading effects by drawing closely spaced parallel lines.

This light type is one of the most interesting and compelling ways to define form. It is not a light that you actually see, but an arbitrary light that you invent to explore every aspect of the form, explaining everything, leaving out nothing.

work of art depicting mostly inanimate subject matter. It is typically common placed
objects which may be either natural or man-made in an artificial setting.

are great method for making a distinction between objects of similar tone, by creating contrasting textures.

the creation of a pattern simulating varying degrees of solidity or shading by using small dots.

Three colors in the color wheel that are equally spaced.

are derived from a single base hue and extended using its shades, tones and tints.

achieved by adding white and shades and tones are achieved by adding a darker color, grey or black.

are groups of three colors that are next to each other on the color wheel, sharing a common color, with one being the dominant color, which tends to be a primary or secondary color, and a tertiary.

The split-complementary color scheme is a variation of the complementary color scheme.

This is one of the most popular surfaces which a water color artist chooses. Usually a blanket is used to press paper multiple times until it finishes, but in this case, the blanket is not used to press the paper for the second time

A fine broken line with an arrowhead at one end used for indicating the measurement and name of a
part of the object being drawn.

The kind of paper is best if you want to store for a longer period as they don't discolor and are made from a material which is strong and acid-free.

Wood pulps are used because this provides an excellent surface for the paper if you want to draw something quick although corrections are not taken well by the paper

A line used for showing the limits of the dimension.

Cheap to produce and good enough for disposable works. This kind of paper is good enough for quick drawings, but if you are planning to store them over time, then you are out of luck.

The seventh view. The view directly to the inclined surface of an object. It represents the true shape and size of the inclined surface because it is foreshortened in the six
principal views.

This kind of paper has a tough or hard feel to the top of the paper. This is achieved by pressing the paper against a hot cylinder.

the richest of all the schemes because it uses four colors arranged into two complementary color pairs.

small shape or projection that appears at the beginning or end of a stroke on a letter.
Typeface with that have serifs are called a serif typeface.

difficult to read but attractive to look at
This style may be hard to decipher, but is visually equally, or even more engaging than other graffiti styles.

These have a higher portion of binder and less pigment, producing a sharp drawing material
that is useful for fine details.

refers to the relative thickness of a font’s stroke.

This is the most widely used form of pastel. The sticks have a higher portion of pigment and
less binder, resulting in brighter colors.

refers to the uniform adjustment of the space between letters in a piece of text.

its the art and technique of arranging type, type design, and modifying type glyphs (symbolic figures).

A typeface without serifs is called a _ typeface, from the French word “sans” that means
"without."

• Represents the part or plane of the object that cannot be seen directly. It is a broken dashed line.

is the invisible line upon which a line of text rests.

refers to graffiti styles developed in the 1970s and 80s at the beginning of graffiti art.

the primary method of communication between: designers and client, architects and
builders, engineers and production personnel, and between advertisers and customers.

• A line used for showing the edges of an object that are seen.

used to guide the reader's eye to whatever is most important. In other words, it shows
them where to begin and where to go next using different levels of emphasis.

refers to the height of a typeface’s flat capital letters (such as M or I) measured from the
baseline.

• A line that stand for the foreshortened part of an object.

An irregular fine curved line with an arrow head at one end used to label the parts of an object.

• A line that represents the foreshortened portions of an object just like the long break line.

CENTER LINE
• A line that represents the central point of circular object.

An orthographic drawing is a special type of drawing which may not be pleasing to the eyes but it is
easier to understand than other types of drawing. Or straight line drawing

A line that represents the measurement of the object being drawn.

is the measurement taken from front to rear of an object.

give the detail and over-all sizes of the object.

is the measurement taken from side to side of an object.

it is the measurement of the location of an object on the working paper.

• The word “oblique” means inclined.
• Characteristics of oblique drawings:
• The front view is parallel to the horizon.
• The right side and top views are inclined 45 degrees to the horizon.
• The vertical lines should be done on 90 degrees angle.
• Oblique drawing is always made to the exact measurements of the object

are the total height, width, and depth of an object.

are the length, width, and depth of the portion or part of the same object.

is the measurement taken from top to bottom of an object

These are drawings that show objects as they would appear in photograph. It is also a drawing that shows more than one side of the object. Examples of pictorial drawings are isometric, oblique, and perspective drawings.

Is traditionally defined as a quantity of sorts composing a complete character set of a single size and
style of a particular typeface.

when the measurement of the depth axis is reduced to one-half. It means
that the front view is drawn in the actual size but the depth of top and right-side views
is drawn one-half of its actual size.

The term isometric was derived from two words “iso” which means equal and “metric” which
means measure. made possible by forming the three axes, namely: vertical axis, left 30-
degree cross axis and 30 degree right cross axis.

• It is cavalier when the width, depth, and height of the drawings have true dimension. It
means that the front, top and right-side views are drawn in true size.