wayground logo

Free Printable Worksheets

Font size

S
M
L
XL
Worksheets

Sedimentary Rocks and Fossil Fuels

Total questions: 52

Worksheet time: 2hrs 59mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What type of rock is made up of layers of weathered, eroded, and deposited material?

a)
Metamorphic rock
b)
Volcanic rock
c)
Sedimentary rock
d)
Igneous rock
2.

After several layers of rock and dirt build up, they are pushed and stuck together in two processes called what?

a)
erosion and deposition
b)
weathering and erosion
c)
melting and solidification
d)
compaction and cementation
3.

When layers of decaying plants and animals are exposed to a lot of heat and pressure, they eventually become what?

a)
natural gas
b)
coal
c)
petroleum
d)
fossil fuels
4.

The breaking down of rocks into smaller fragments is called:

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

d)

Compaction

5.

What is the process that moves sediment from one location to another?

a)
erosion
b)
weathering
c)
deposition
d)
volcanism
6.

Which of the following are needed for fossils to turn into fossil fuels?

a)
Presence of inorganic material and absence of oxygen
b)
Presence of organic material and presence of oxygen
c)
Absence of organic material and presence of oxygen
d)
Presence of organic material and absence of oxygen
7.

What is the difference between weathering and erosion?

4 lines
8.

How are sedimentary rocks formed?

a)
By the accumulation and compression of sediments over time
b)
By volcanic activity
c)
By the cooling and solidification of magma
d)
By the folding and faulting of existing rocks
9.

Which is the movement of sediment by wind, water, ice, or gravity?

a)

Deposition

b)

Erosion

c)

Compaction

d)

Weathering

10.

What is oil and natural gas formed from?

a)
Ancient marine organisms such as plankton and algae
b)
Volcanic eruptions
c)
Meteorite impacts
d)
Chemical reactions in the Earth's core
11.

Which of the following was formed from plant remains?

a)
Diamond
b)
Gold
c)
Coal
d)
Plastic
12.

What term describes the process by which sediments are pressed together under their own weight?

a)

Cementation

b)

Compaction

c)

Deposition

d)

Weathering

13.

What is the process by which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue particles of sediment together?

a)

Deposition

b)

Weathering

c)

Cementation

d)

Erosion

14.

What is the process by which wind, water, ice, or gravity transports soil and sediment from one location to another?

a)

Deposition

b)

Erosion

c)

Compaction

d)

Cementation

15.

What is the process by which rock is broken down into smaller pieces by physical means?

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

d)

Compaction

16.
Rock made of layers of compressed sediments
a)
metamorphic rock
b)
igneous rock
c)
sedimentary rock
d)
school house rock
17.
The breakdown of rock into smaller particles from the effects of wind, water and ice
a)
erosion
b)
cementation 
c)
pressure
d)
weathering
18.
Wind, water, ice and gravity carry sediments away
a)
weathering
b)
deposition
c)
erosion
d)
cementation
19.
Sediment that is left behind in rivers lakes and oceans
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
cementation
d)
deposition
20.
When the weight of new  sediment layers is deposited on top of older layers
a)
erosion
b)
compaction
c)
pressure
d)
weathering
21.
Sedimentary rocks may contain fossils.
a)
True
b)
False
22.

Which diagram models the process of compaction leading to the formation of Sedimentary Rock?

a)

F

b)

G

c)

H

d)

J

23.

The model below shows layers of sediment on the floor of an ocean. Which of the following best explains how these layers can become rock over many years?

a)

Sand in the sediment melts and turns into rock.

b)

The weight of the water compacts the sediment into rock.

c)

Changing water temperatures turn sand in the sediment into rock.

d)

Pollution caused by humans turns the sediment into rock.

24.

The diagram below shows the sequence of the processes that turn solid rock into sandstone. Which two processes best complete this diagram?

a)

Melting and cooling

b)

Erosion and compaction

c)

Compaction and cementation

d)

Evaporation and dissolving

25.

Several layers of sedimentary rock are illustrated. They are in the same order as when they first formed. Which layer formed first?

a)

Rock Layer W

b)

Rock Layer X

c)

Rock Layer Y

d)

Rock Layer Z

26.

Which of the following is NOT a fossil fuel.

a)

coal

b)

carbon dioxide

c)

petroleum oil

d)

natural gas

27.

Fossil fuels are a _______________________.

a)

renewable resource

b)

unknown resource

c)

nonrenewable resource

d)

new resource

28.
What must be present for Fossil Fuels to form?
a)
Bones and Sediment
b)
Dead Organisms and Layers of Sediment
c)
Dead Organisms, Layers of Sediment, and Heat & Pressure over time
d)
Bones, Layers of Sediment, and Heat & Pressure over time
29.

What is the other name for oil

a)

propane

b)

natural gas

c)

petroleum

d)

lignite

30.
Fossil Fuels are formed...
a)
From the remains of organisms
b)
By high winds and temperatures
c)
In shallow areas over short period of time.
d)
In shallow areas over short periods of time.
31.

Fossil Fuels are

a)

pieces of rock that have been compacted many times

b)

rock that contains 50% plant and animal remains

c)

metamorphic rock

d)

fuels that form from the remains of plant and other organisms that were buried and altered over million of years

32.

Coal is a __________ energy resource.

a)

Renewable

b)

Non-renewable

33.
This diagram models the process of ____________________ leading to the formation of sedimentary rock.
a)
cementation
b)
compaction
c)
erosion
d)
weathering
34.

Which fossil fuel is created by the picture shown?

a)

coal only

b)

oil only

c)

coal and oil

d)

oil and natural gas

35.

Which fossil fuel is made from the process shown in the picture?

a)

oil

b)

natural gas

c)

coal

d)

petroleum

36.

Any living thing- plants, animals, and bacteria

a)

organism

b)

erosion

c)

Sedimentary Rock

d)

weathering

37.

the waste and remains of plants and animals.

a)

organic matter

b)

Sedimentary Rock

c)

weathering

d)

sediments

38.

A type of rock that forms in layers when sediments from a weathered rock were eroded and deposited in the ocean, where the compaction and cementation turned them into a new rock.

a)

weathering

b)

Sedimentary Rock

c)

organic matter

d)

sediments

39.

small pieces of rock, soil, and other materials.

a)

deposition

b)

sediments

c)

erosion

d)

organism

40.

dropped off of sediments in new locations

a)

compaction

b)

deposition

c)

cementation

d)

erosion

41.

the breaking down of rocks

a)

erosion

b)

deposition

c)

sediments

d)

weathering

42.

the process by which sediments are pressed together (squeeze) under water and layers of other sediments (pressure).

a)

compaction

b)

cementation

c)

fossils

d)

Sedimentary Rock

43.

the process by which dissolved minerals in the water glue particles of sediment together into one rock.

a)

fossils

b)

compaction

c)

cementation

d)

weathering

44.

the preserved remains or traces of organisms that once lived on Earth. They are important because they provide evidence of the past.

a)

cementation

b)

erosion

c)

fossils

d)

weathering

45.

The 5 processes that lead to the formation of Sedimentary Rock- Weathering, Erosion, Deposition, Compaction and Cementation.

a)

W.E.D.C.C

b)

fossil fuels

c)

fossils

d)

weathering

46.

non-renewable forms of energy that we use to meet our needs- Coal, Oil and Natural Gas (CONG).

a)

W.E.D.C.C.

b)

fossil fuels

c)

sedimentary rock

d)

cementation

47.

materials made by nature that are used by living things

a)

non-renewable

b)

coal

c)

natural resources

d)

oil

48.

a solid fossil fuel that forms underground millions of years ago from dead plant material by the heat underground and pressure of the layers above it.

a)

coal

b)

fossils

c)

sedimentary rock

d)

non-renewable

49.

a liquid fossil fuel formed from marine(sea) organisms that were buried and over time heat and pressure from underground turned them into a fuel.

a)

fossil

b)

oil

c)

natural gas

d)

sedimentary rock

50.

a gas fossil fuel that formed from marine(sea) organisms that were buried and over time heat and pressure from underground turned them into a fuel.

a)

abundant

b)

coal

c)

natural gas

d)

conserve

51.

more than enough; plentiful; a lot

a)

oil

b)

abundant

c)

coal

d)

conserve

52.

to save by using wisely and carefully

a)

conserve

b)

natural resource

c)

renewable

d)

non-renewable