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Bio-H Chapter 4 Review

Total questions: 84

Worksheet time: 45mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Cystic fibrosis is a genetic condition that is associated with defects in the CFTR protein found in the membrane. Which organelle synthesized the protein?

a)

Golgi Bodies

b)

Rough ER

c)

Smooth ER

d)

Lysosome

2.

Cystic fibrosis is a genetic condition that is associated with defects in the CFTR protein found in the membrane. After being synthesized, where does it go to be modified, packaged, and sorted?

a)

Golgi Bodies

b)

Rough ER

c)

Smooth ER

d)

Lysosome

3.

The following data was collected by observing subcellular structures of three different types of cells. How can you determine these are eukaryotic cells?

a)

They have ribosomes

b)

They have membrane bound organelles

c)

They have DNA

d)

They have a plasma membrane

4.

The following data was collected by observing subcellular structures of three different types of eukaryotic cells. Identify a function of Cell X.

a)

Detoxification

b)

Secretion of Proteins

c)

Motility

d)

Storage

5.

The following data was collected by observing subcellular structures of three different types of eukaryotic cells. Identify a function of Cell Y.

a)

Detoxification

b)

Secretion of Proteins

c)

Motility

d)

Storage

6.

The following data was collected by observing subcellular structures of three different types of eukaryotic cells. Identify a function of Cell Z.

a)

Detoxification

b)

Secretion of Proteins

c)

Motility

d)

Storage

7.

How does the location of the ribosome affect the type of protein product?

a)

Free ribosomes synthesize cytosolic proteins, while bound ribosomes synthesize membrane proteins

b)

Free ribosomes synthesize membrane proteins, while bound ribosomes synthesize cytosolic proteins

c)

Free ribosomes synthesize proteins for the mitochondria, while bound ribosomes synthesize cytosolic proteins

d)

Free ribosomes synthesize cytosolic proteins, while bound ribosomes synthesize proteins for the mitochondria

8.

Where is the mRNA (used for synthesis of proteins) made?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosome

c)

Rough ER

d)

Smooth ER

9.

What organelle is responsible for storing calcium?

a)

Lysosome

b)

Smooth ER

c)

Rough ER

d)

Golgi Bodies

10.

Tay Sachs results from a build-up of fats due to an error in which organelle that is responsible for digesting macromolecules?

a)

Rough ER

b)

Smooth ER

c)

Lysosome

d)

Golgi Bodies

11.

What is the role of ribosomes?

a)

To store genetic information.

b)

To produce glycolipids.

c)

To synthesize proteins.

d)

To hydrolyze waste materials.

12.

Which of the following is not found in all forms of life, and therefore is not evidence of the common ancestry of life?

a)

Nuclei

b)

Ribosomes

c)

Plasma Membranes

d)

Cytosol

13.

Which of the following is a difference between smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

a)

Smooth ER exists in a part of the cell near the cell membrane, while rough ER exists in a part of the cell near the nucleus.

b)

Smooth ER is not studded by ribosomes, while rough ER is studded by ribosomes.

c)

Smooth ER is meant to compartmentalize the cell, while rough ER detoxifies and synthesizes lipids.

d)

Smooth ER is made without the additional help of proteins, whereas rough ER is made with the help of special proteins called reticuloproteins.

14.

Which of the following is a function of the Golgi apparatus?

a)

Detoxification of the cell and lipid synthesis.

b)

Protein and rRNA synthesis.

c)

Synthesis of chemical energy (adenosine triphosphate).

d)

Chemical modification of newly synthesized proteins before they are packaged for trafficking to other parts of the cell or outside of the cell.

15.

In plants, what is the primary function of vacuoles?

a)

To maintain water pressure inside of the cell.

b)

To remove waste from inside of the cell.

c)

To store nutrients inside of the cell.

d)

To synthesize new membranes for the cell.

16.

Which of the following membrane-bound organelles is responsible for hydrolysis (using enzymes to break down macromolecules)?

a)

Vacuoles

b)

Chloroplasts

c)

Lysosomes

d)

Peroxisomes

17.

Which of the following is a reason that cells are so small?

a)

Cells are small because they want to maximize their surface area-to-volume ratio.

b)

Cells are small because they want to maximize their volume-to-surface area ratio.

c)

Cells are small because they need to produce extremely small macromolecules.

d)

Cells are small because they prefer to work together in clusters of many thousands that wouldn't otherwise fit anywhere.

18.

Which of the following is one way that cells increase their surface area without increasing their size?

a)

Cells will often include perfectly spherical membranes.

b)

Cells will often include folds in their membranes.

c)

Cells will often include holes in their membranes.

d)

Cells will maximize their volume.

19.

What happens to cells as they increase in volume?

a)

Their radius decreases.

b)

Their surface area increases.

c)

Their surface area decreases.

d)

Their circumference decreases.

20.

Which of the following correctly describes hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions of the cellular membrane?

a)

The hydrophobic region is made of phosphates, and the hydrophilic region is made of lipids.

b)

The hydrophobic region is 'water-loving', and the hydrophilic region is 'water-fearing'.

c)

The hydrophobic region is polar, and the hydrophilic region is non-polar.

d)

The hydrophobic region faces inward in the interior of the membrane, the hydrophilic region faces outwards towards the aqueous environment.

21.

Which of the following is the correct name of the model that describes the structure of the cell membrane?

a)

The Fluid Molecular Model

b)

The Free Molecular Model

c)

The Fluid Mosaic Model

d)

The Free Mosaic Model

22.

Which of the following would need assistance moving through the plasma membrane?

a)

Nitrogen gas (N2)

b)

Oxygen gas (O2)

c)

Carbon Dioxide gas (CO2)

d)

Water

23.

What is the primary role of aquaporins?

a)

To transport water across the membrane.

b)

To change the state of water from gas to liquid.

c)

To pump water into the mitochondria for cellular respiration.

d)

To use water for hydrolytic purposes.

24.

Which of the following describes a solution that has a higher concentration than the internal environment of the cell?

a)

Hypotonic

b)

Isotonic

c)

Hypertonic

d)

Transtonic

25.

If a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, what is likely to happen to it over time?

a)

The cell will swell, as water flows into the cell.

b)

The cell will not change, as it will be at dynamic equilibrium.

c)

The cell will lyse, as water bursts the cell.

d)

The cell will shrink, as water flows out of the cell.

26.

Which of the following describes the endosymbiotic theory?

a)

A prokaryotic cell engulfed several other types of smaller prokaryotic cells, and eventually its compartmentalization made the cell eukaryotic.

b)

A eukaryotic cell engulfed several other types of smaller prokaryotic cells, and eventually its compartmentalization made the cell prokaryotic.

c)

A prokaryotic cell engulfed several other types of smaller eukaryotic cells, and eventually its compartmentalization made the cell eukaryotic.

d)

A eukaryotic cell engulfed several other types of smaller eukaryotic cells, and eventually its compartmentalization made the cell prokaryotic.

27.

Which of the following membrane-bound organelles evolved from free-living prokaryotic cells?

a)

Nuclei and plasmids.

b)

Mitochondria and chloroplasts.

c)

Vacuoles and lysosomes.

d)

Centrioles and microtubules.

28.

Which kind of cell is prokaryotic, may or may not have a cell wall, and has no membrane bound organelles?

a)

Animal

b)

Bacteria

c)

Fungi

d)

Plant

29.

Cell organelle found in all cells that manufactures proteins.

(a)  

30.

Major component of the lipid bilayer cell membrane.

a)

Cholesterol

b)

Channel Proteins

c)

Phospholipids

d)

Glycolipid/glycoprotein complexes

31.

The hydrophilic head of the phospholipid ___ to interact with water and is said to be ____.

a)

Loves, polar

b)

Loves, nonpolar

c)

Hates, polar

d)

Hates, nonpolar

32.

The hydrophobic tails of the phospholipid ___ to interact with water and is said to be ____.

a)

Loves, polar

b)

Loves, nonpolar

c)

Hates, polar

d)

Hates, nonpolar

33.

The diffusion of water through the cell membrane along its own concentration gradient is known as (a)   .

34.

Because cell membranes only allow certain substances to pass through them, they're said to be (a)   .

35.

Compare the Domain prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell

a)

Prokaryotic: Bacteria and Archaea,

Eukaryotic:Animal,Plants, Fungi, Protists

b)

Prokaryotic: Bacteria,Plants

Eukaryotic: Archaea, Protists

c)

Prokaryotic: Fungi, Bacteria

Eukaryotic: Animal, Archaea, Animal

d)

Prokaryotic: Plants,Animals

Eukaryotic: Bacteria, Archea

36.

Which of the following answers contains a nucleus?

a)

Prokarytoic

b)

Eukarytoic

c)

Animal

d)

Fungi

37.

Where is the DNA located?

a)

Eukaryotic:DNA located in Golgi apparatus

Prokaryotic:DNA located in cytoplasm

b)

Eukaryotic: DNA located in nucleotide

Prokaryotic:DNA located in nucleotide

c)

Eukaryotic: DNA located in nucleus

Prokaryotic: DNA located in nucleotide

d)

Eukaryotic: DNA located in chromatin

Prokaryotic: DNA located in nucleus

38.
What organelle is called the "powerhouse" of a cell?

a)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
b)
Nucleus
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Nucleolus
39.

In prokaryotes, what is the name of the permeable boundary around the cell?

(a)  

40.

In prokaryotes, what part is the site of protein synthesis?

(a)  

41.
All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier called a(n)
a)
electron microscopy
b)
cell wall
c)
cell membrane
d)
photo cell
42.

All cells have three things in common: ____

a)

Cytoplasm, DNA, and organelles with membranes

b)

A plasma membrane, DNA, and a nucleus

c)

Cytoplasm, DNA, and a plasma membrane

d)

A cell wall, cytoplasm, and DNA

43.

A plasma membrane _____.

a)

controls exchange between the cell and the external environment

b)

is a mesh of intermediate filaments

c)

is a type of extracellular matrix

44.

True or false? Ribosomes are only found in eukaryotes

a)

true

b)

false

45.

What controls the passage of molecules into and out of the nucleus?

a)

endoplasmic reticulum, an extension of the nucleus

b)

nuclear pores, which consist of membrane proteins

c)

nucleoli, in which ribosome subunits are made

d)

dynamically assembled mircotubules

e)

tight junctions

46.

The main function of the endomembrane system is:

a)

building and modifying proteins and lipids

b)

isolating DNA from toxic substances

c)

secreting extracellular matrix onto the cell surface

d)

producing ATP by aerobic respiration

47.

Enzymes contained in _____ break down worn out organelles, bacteria, and other particles

a)

lysosomes

b)

amyloplasts

c)

endoplastic reticulum

d)

peroxisomes

48.

Put the following structures in order according to the pathway of a secreted protein:


  1. plasma membrane
  2. golgi bodies
  3. endoplasmic reticulum
  4. post-golgi vesicles
a)

3, 2, 4, 1

b)

1, 2, 3, 4

c)

4, 3, 2, 1

d)

2, 3, 4, 1

49.

Which of the following statements is false?

a)

the plasma membrane is the outermost component of all cells

b)

the cell is the basic unit of life

c)

all living cells contain cytoplasm

d)

some eukaryotes are single-celled and others are multicelled

50.

Cell junctions called ______ connect the cytoplasm of adjacent plant cells

a)

plasmodesmata

b)

adhering junctions

c)

tight junctions

d)

adhesion proteins

e)

gap junctions

51.

Which of the following organelles contains no DNA?

a)

nucleus

b)

golgi body

c)

mitochondrion

d)

chloroplast

52.

No animal cell has a ____

a)

plasma membrane

b)

flagellum

c)

lysosome

d)

cell wall

53.

What is the function of the mitochondria?

a)

protein synthesis

b)

breaks down debris

c)

stores starch

d)

ATP production

54.

What is the function of the chloroplast

a)

protein synthesis

b)

breaks down debris

c)

stores starch

d)

photosynthesis

55.

What is the function of the cell junction

a)

protein synthesis

b)

breaks down debris

c)

stores starch

d)

connection

56.

What is the function of the smooth ER

a)

protein synthesis

b)

breaks down debris

c)

finishes proteins and lipids

d)

assembles phospholipids

57.

What is the function of the rough ER

a)

protein synthesis

b)

breaks down debris

c)

finishes proteins and lipids

d)

assembles phospholipids

e)

movement

58.

What is the function of the peroxisome

a)

breaks down toxins

b)

breaks down debris

c)

finishes proteins and lipids

d)

assembles phospholipids

e)

movement

59.

What is the function of the peroxisome

a)

breaks down toxins

b)

breaks down debris

c)

finishes proteins and lipids

d)

assembles phospholipids

e)

movement

60.

What is the function of the plastid

a)

breaks down toxins

b)

breaks down debris

c)

stores starch

d)

assembles phospholipids

e)

movement

61.

What is the function of the flagellum

a)

breaks down toxins

b)

breaks down debris

c)

stores starch

d)

assembles phospholipids

e)

movement

62.

Surface area-to-volume is the most important factor for why cells are microscopically small. Which of these surface area-to-volume ratios for four hypothetical cells would enable the cell to exchange materials most effectively via its membrane in a given amount of time?

a)

10:1

b)

5:1

c)

1:1

d)

1:10

63.

Which structure is common to all living cells, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic?

a)

ribosome

b)

cell wall

c)

flagellum

d)

plastid

64.

A small vesicle containing digestive enzymes and having an acidic internal pH is a description that best fits which eukaryotic organelle?

a)

lysosome

b)

mitochondrion

c)

golgi body

d)

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

65.

The specialized region within the nucleus responsible for producing subunits of ribosomal RNA is known as the ____.

a)

chromatin

b)

plastid

c)

nucleolus

d)

nucleoplasm

66.

Consider a cell that will make a protein for export out of the cell using the endomembrane system. Which series below represents the most likely flow of organelles and structures involved in this process?

a)

Nucleus --> SER --> Golgi body --> ribosome --> RER

b)

Nucleus --> RER --> Ribosome --> SER --> Golgi

c)

Nucleus --> golgi body--> ribosome --> RER --> SER

d)

Nucleus --> ribosome --> RER --> Golgi body --> vesicle --> cell membrane

67.

Which statement is false about mitochondria and chloroplasts?

a)

They can live independently outside of their "host" cell

b)

They have their own ribosomes and DNA

c)

They have double bilayer membranes

d)

They are known to have evolved by endosymbiosis

68.

The type of intracellular fiber with a hollow construction able to be rapidly assembled or disassembled and associated with spindle fibers and centrioles is a ____.

a)

microfilament

b)

microtubule

c)

intermediate filament

d)

motor protein

69.

____ are cellular junctions found between neighboring plant cells where they are essentially open channels through which material may easily pass.

a)

gap junction

b)

plasmodesmata

c)

desmosomes

d)

adhering junctions

70.
What is the cell organelle that stores water, food and waste called?
a)
The cytoplasm
b)
The lysosomes
c)
The vacuole
d)
The mitochondria
71.
The cytoplasm
a)
Is  the gel-like fluid that holds other organelles in place.
b)
Breaks down food to produce energy for the cell.
c)
Is known as the "brain" of the cell.
d)
Is where photosynthesis takes place.
72.
Identify which of these is NOT a major difference between plant and animal cells.
a)
Only plant cells have a cell wall.
b)
Only animal cells have mitochondria.
c)
Animal cells do NOT contain chloroplasts.
d)
Plant cells have a large central vacuole.
73.
The function of the chromosomes is:
a)
To break down food to produce energy for the cell.
b)
To control what enters and leaves the cell.
c)
To break down broken cell parts.
d)
To direct all activities of the cell.
74.
Which types of organisms are Prokaryotes?
a)
Animals
b)
Plants
c)
Fungi
d)
Bacteria
75.
The Endoplasmic Reticulum 
a)
Is the transportion system of the cell
b)
Controls all activities of the cell
c)
Makes energy for the cell
d)
Controls what enters and leaves the cell
76.
Unicellular organisms are
a)
Prokaryotic
b)
Eukaryotic
c)
Made of many cells
d)
Made of one cell
77.

The Endosymbiotic Theory explains

a)

the origin of prokaryotes

b)

how bacteria lives

c)

the origin of eukaryotes

d)

how species develop

78.

_____ and _____ are organelles that arose from endosymbiosis

a)

nucleus and cell membrane

b)

mitochondria and chloroplasts

c)

cell wall and chloroplasts

d)

mitochondria and nucleus

79.

Which type of cell? (It has a nucleus, membrane-bound organelles). Check all that apply.

a)

prokaryotic cell

b)

eukaryotic cell

c)

plant cell

d)

bacteria

80.

"Endosymbiosis" means

a)

Living together

b)

Entering together

c)

Living separately

d)

Joining together

81.

In eukaryotic cells, which organelle generates energy for the cell?

a)

golgi apparatus

b)

mitochondria

c)

chloroplast

d)

vacuole

e)

rough endoplasmic reticulum

82.

Which of the following are true about the rough endoplasmic reticulum? (check all that apply)

a)

Found prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

b)

Embedded with ribosomes

c)

Modify and transport proteins

d)

Synthesis lipids

e)

Detoxifies the cell

83.

Which of the following is true about the cytoskeleton? (check all that apply)

a)

A hard protective covering for the cell

b)

Provides reinforcement of the cell's shape

c)

Contains thin filaments that allow contraction of the muscle cells

d)

A mesh of protein fibers

e)

Stores calcium ions

84.
Which of the following cells would have the highest surface area to volume ratio?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
they are all the same

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