WorksheetsFall Final: Space & Weather
Total questions: 56
Worksheet time: 28mins
The Big Bang Theory states that the universe started from the expansion of a ...
large, flat sheet
small, dense point
What is the faint glow that fills the universe and is a "fossil-image" of the Big Bang?
red shift
blue shift
cosmic microwave background radiation
ultraviolet light radiation
What had to occur after the big bang so that protons, neutrons, and atoms could form?
shrinking
heating
drifting
cooling
Why is red-shift considered evidence that the universe is expanding?
Blue wavelengths are shorter, so the waves are moving away from us.
Red wavelengths are longer, so the waves are moving away from us.
Red wavelengths are longer, so the waves are moving toward us.
Red wavelengths are shorter, so the waves are moving away from us.
What is the reaction in which two hydrogen (H) atoms combine together to form helium (He)?
fusion
bonding
diffraction
electrostatic attraction
The universe is _______ and _______ than our solar system.
younger, larger
older, larger
What were the first elements formed?
nitrogen and iron
hydrogen and helium
carbon and oxygen
chlorine and sodium
What are the three main pieces of evidence for the big bang?
red-shifting galaxies
the cosmic microwave background radiation
the abundance of H and He elements in the universe
all of the above
The life cycles of stars are determined by their:
luminosity
color
mass
distance from Earth
Our sun is currently in what star stage?
protostar
red giant
main sequence
nebula
Most stars are made of:
hydrogen only
hydrogen and helium
hydrogen and lithium
hydrogen and sodium
A gigantic explosion that causes the death of a large star is called a
black hole
supernova
pulsar
red giant
All stars are the same size.
True
False
Which of the following types of stars are NOT on the Hertzberg-Russell diagram?
white dwarf
main sequence
red giant
black hole
What happens to a star's temperature when it gets older?
it gets hotter
it gets colder
the temperature doesn't change
What type of telescope uses a curved mirror to collect and focus light?
reflecting
x-ray
radio
refracting
What type of electromagnetic wave does both the Hubble space telescope and the Webb space telescope both detect?
visible light
infrared
UV
microwave
Why do sunspots appear darker than the surrounding areas on the sun?
they are hotter than the surrounding areas
they are cooler than the surrounding areas
If you're not in the right path for a total solar eclipse, but are close, you will experience what type of solar eclipse?
total
annular
lunar
partial
Why don't we see a solar eclipse every month?
the moon has a slight tilt in its orbit
the moon doesn't ever go between the sun and the earth
Mars gets in the way
clouds get in the way
Which planet is closest to the sun?
Mercury
Saturn
Earth
Mars
Which type of orbits do planets have around the Sun?
Circular
Horseshoe
Elliptical
Spiral
How did the planets form (AKA the Nebular Theory)?
in a disc around the moon
in a disc around the earth
randomly
in a disc around the sun
The planets in our solar system are held into place by _______ and inertia.
weight
gravity
What are the two types of planets in our solar system?
nitrogen & helium
molten & solid
rocky & gas giants
cold & hot
Where in our solar system would you expect to find a planet that is small, dense, and rocky?
far away from the sun
past the Kuiper Belt
outside the sun's gravitational pull
close to the sun
Which planet takes the least amount of time to orbit the sun?
mars
earth
mercury
jupiter
How long is the moon's revolution and rotation?
27.3 days
30 days
21 days
14 days
What phase is the moon in during a lunar eclipse?
new
1st quarter
3rd quarter
full
Why can't we see the new moon?
the moon is very far away in its orbit
the moon is in between the sun and the earth
the earth is in between the sun and the moon
the moon is too close in its orbit
What is the primary gas in Earth's atmosphere?
Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Nitrogen
Hydrogen
The ozone layer is located in the stratosphere.
true
false
What is the layer of the atmosphere where weather occurs?
Mesosphere
Stratosphere
Troposphere
Thermosphere
What instrument is used to measure atmospheric pressure?
Barometer
Thermometer
Hydrometer
Anemometer
Which layer of the atmosphere is closest to the Earth's surface?
Stratosphere
Mesosphere
Troposphere
Thermosphere
What is albedo?
The measure of transparency of a surface
The measure of reflectivity of a surface
The measure of temperature of a surface
The measure of light absorbed by a surface
What is the range of albedo values?
-1 to 1
0 to 1
0 to 100
1 to 100
Which surface has the highest albedo?
Forest
Paved road
Fresh snow
Grassland
Which cloud type is low-altitude and puffy?
Nimbus
Cumulus
Cirrus
Stratus
What happens to the temperature as you go farther away from Earth's surface in the atmosphere?
increases
decreases
stays the same
Which cloud is a low altitude cloud that stretches over large portions of sky, creating overcast conditions?
cumulus
cirrus
cumulonimbus
stratus
Which cloud is a dense, towering vertical cloud, typically shaped like an anvil, that carry thunderstorm conditions?
cumulonimbus
cumulus
stratus
cirrus
What kind of weather instrument is used to measure wind speed?
sling psychrometer
thermometer
anemometer
barometer
What kind of weather instrument is used to measure humidity?
sling psychrometer
anemometer
barometer
thermometer
What type of weather is associated with low pressure systems?
Cool temperatures
Dry conditions
Stormy weather
Sunny weather
What is a rapidly rotating storm that forms over tropical or subtropical waters?
el nino
tornado
derecho
hurricane
What is a natural disaster that occurs due to warm, moist air colliding with cool, dry air causing a violent rotation that connects between a cumulonimbus cloud and the ground?
tornado
el nino
derecho
hurricane
What is a widespread, long-lived, straight-line windstorm that is associated with a group of fast-moving thunderstorms and a very unstable (hot and moist) atmosphere.
tornado
el nino
hurricane
derecho
What is the southern oscillation of warm ocean water that develops in the equatorial Pacific where east winds blow weaker than normal?
hurricane
el nino
derecho
tornado
What is the periodic cooling of ocean water (that causes nutrient-rich water to rise to the surface) in the equatorial Pacific when the east winds blow stronger than normal?
hurricane
la nina
el nino
tornado
This type of rapid natural disaster impacts low lying areas, usually in mountainous stream areas or low areas near hills.
flash floods
el nino
derecho
floods
How does climate differ from weather?
Climate is the average, weather is the total
Climate refers to long-term trends, weather to short-term conditions
Climate is the temperature, weather is the precipitation
Climate is local, weather is global
What is a positive climate feedback loop?
Increase in temperature resulting in decreased evaporation
Increase in temperature resulting in increased evaporation
Decrease in temperature resulting in increased evaporation
Decrease in temperature resulting in decreased evaporation
Why is melting of permafrost considered a climate "tipping point"?
it is an irreversible change to the earth
it causes more methane to enter the atmosphere
methane is a potent greenhouse gas which causes enhanced warming
all of the above
What removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere in the carbon cycle?
Combustion
Volcanic eruptions
Photosynthesis
Deforestation
Where is most of the Earth's carbon stored?
Soil
Plants
Oceans
Atmosphere
